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THE 



SEMI-CENTENNIAL 
SOUVENIR 



AND 



CHRONOLOGICAL 
HISTORY 



OF 



ROCHESTER. 



•^1g6g?> '^)SS^.'^ 



Mi-i^r fB:r\r\^r^ 1 



HE liRY iiOODS 




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A writer who recently visited the places of interest 
in Rochester stated that in his opinion the Dry Goods 
Ho-Qse of SIBL.EY, I.INDSAY & CURR held the same 
relation to other Dry Goods Houses in this city as Powers' 
Art Gallery did to other art galleries. While this opinion 
may not he exactly correct, it is true that no one gets a 
correct idea of the dry goods business of Rochester until 
he has looked through the five stories and basements of 
this house- 
Messrs. SIBLEY, LIHDSAY & CURR commenced 
business in Rochester in March, 1868, and have since 
gradually increased their business both at wholesale and 
retail. They have had the largest retail business in 
Rochester since 1876, and the largest importing and 
jobbing business since 1881. In December, 1880, Messrs. 
Sibley & Lindsay purchased the property known as the 
Osborn House, corner Main, St Paul and Division streets, 
and in 1883 connected a portion of the building with 
their Main street stores, making one of the largest and 
finest houses for the dry goods business in the United 
States. 



THE 



SEMI-CENTENNIAL 



SOUVEN I R 



An Account of the Great Celebration, 

JUNE 9th and IOth, 

1884. 

' TOGETHER WITH A 

CHRONOLOGICAL HISTORY 

OF ROCHESTER, N. Y. 
BY 

WILLIAM MILL BUTLER, and GEORGE S. CRITTENDEN, 



mjo ^ 



ROCHESTER, N. Y. : 

POST-EXPRESS PRINTING COMPANY. 

1884. 



v 



\3-^ 



Copyright, 1S84, by 
W. M. Butler and G. S. Crittenden. 



S' 

c 
a 

CO 



THE SEMI-CENTENNIAL SOUVENIR. 



By Way of lutroduction. 

The aim of the editors of this little work is 
not only to present, in convenient chronologi- 
cal form, a history of Rochester from the ear- 
liest times to the present day, but to perpetuate 
a full and faithful account of the semi-centen- 
nial celebration, the details of which are neces- 
sarily excluded from the elaborate new his- 
tories of the city. It may not be amiss to state 
here that the subject of a proper observance of 
the fiftieth anniversary of the Flower City's 
birth was first suggested by D. M. Dewey to 
Edward Angevine, a veteran journalist on the 
Post- Express staff, and Mr. Angevine ac- 
coi'dingly began the agitation in the columns 
of the paper ou the isth day of June, 1SS3, his 
article containing, besides a large amount of 
historical matter pertinent to the occasion, the' 
following suggestions: " There is no good rea- 
son, it seems to the Post- Express, whj' this 
semi- centennial birthday of the Flower City 
should not be apjiropriately celebrated by her 
sons and daughters. It is now none too early to 
begin to make arrangements, for there is much 
to be done in the way of preparation for the 
event. Nothing should be done half-heart- 
edly; no effort should be spared to make the 
occasion the grandest yet observed in the beau- 
tiful city, which has so rapidly and solidly 
grown up around the Falls of the (ienesee. 
The City of Rochester celebrated the municipal 
incorporation of the youthful town with the 
firing of cannon and the ringing of the City 
Hall bell afterwards for many years hanging 
in the cupola of the Court House, and the peo- 
ple made merry over the birth of the city. And 
now that Rochester has lived for half a century 
let there be another celebration, when the ol'd 
bell shall again ring out; again let cannon 
voice the people's joy and thanks; let there be 
speech -makiug.and processions, and fire- works; 
let us eat, di-ink and be merry, for Rochester 
has now become one of the most important 
provincial cities of our land. Let the citizens 
of 18:54 living with us now — there are very few 
of them to be sure — be given the pxominent 
places in the celebration, if they be spared until 
that time, and let them be honored, for they 
have been the witnesses of the growth of Ro- 
chester from a citj' of twelve thousand inhab- 
itants to the fourth nnmcipality of the Empire 
ytate. Everyone should join in tliis move- 
ment; the aged citizen wlio helped to clear the 
fields where now stand stately edifices and 
where ai'e located broad streets; the child, who 
may live to witness Rochester's centennial cele- 
biation; the business man and the capitalist, 
the banker and the laborer, all should join iii 
the effort to make next year memorable in the 



history of Rochester. Hon. Cornelius R. Par- 
sons and the Aldermen who compose the Com- 
mon Council should at once take the initiative 
in this matter. Let them invite aid and coun- 
sel, resting assured that they have the approval 
of all the people. " 

The Post-Express of the .same day contain- 
ed an editorial advocating the proper celebra- 
tion of the anniversary and urging that a meet- 
ing of the citizens be called without delay and 
the preliminary steps taken. 

The idea of a semi-centennial celebration 
must have occurred to several minds at about 
the same time, for on June 10th, the next 
(special) meeting of the Common Council, the 
President, M. Barron, in the chair, the follow- 
ing communication from the Mayor (dated June 
IGth) was presented : 

Mayor's Office, I 

ROCHE.STER, N. Y.. June 16, 1883. (" 
To the Members of the Common Council of the City 

of Bochester. 

(jEntlemen: On the 28th day of April, 18.34, the 
legislature of this state passed an act incorporating 
the city of Rochester, and the same provided that 
on the first Monday of June following, certain city 
officers should he elected. The board of trustees of 
the village, at a meeting convened on the 20th day 
of May, in that year, adopted the following: 

" Resolved, That notice be given of the city elec- 
tion for the first Monday of June next; tliat the 
election be held at the places in the several wards 
hereinafter designated, and that the persons here- 
inafter named be inspectors of elections for the 
said wards^ respectively." 

It may l)e of interest for me to state that the 
polling places were fixed as follows: 

First ward— Mansion House. 

Second ward— Allen's Inn, corner Brown and 
State streets. 

Third ward — Rochester house. 

Fourth ward— Genesee house, corner St. Paul and 
Court streets. 

Fifth ward — Blossom's tavern. 

On the 3d day of Jime, 18;i4, the board of trustees 
again assembled and the following action was 
tiiken : 

The clerk produced the statements of election. 
The trustees proceeded to examine and calculate 
the same, and therefore made and signed a state- 
ment of the result of the said election held in the 
city of Rochester, certifying who were elected to 
the several offices of the said city. It was also 
ordered that the statements be filed with the 
county clerk; that he record the same, and that 
they be also published in tlie two daily papers of 
the city. The board then adjourned, sine die." 

The act of inc:orporation furtlier provided, that 
the board of aldermen should meet at the court 
house at 12 o'clock m. on the Mh day of June, of 
that year, for the purpose of electing a Blayor and 
a Clerk of tlie city. This was complied with. Nine 
of the ten nieiubei"s were present. Johnathan Cliild 
was elected Mayor, and John C. Nash, Clerk. Aid. 
Brooks presented the following resolution, which 
was adopted : 



Resolved, That Jonathan Child, having received 
eight of the nine votes given by the members of the 
common eoimcil present, is duly elected to the of&ce 
of Mayor of the city of Rochester, and that Aids. 
Backus and Kempshall be a committee to wait upon 
him and notify him of his election. The committee 
appointed to wait upon the Mayor elect having re- 
turned, reported that he accepted said office." 

My object in calling your attention to the date of 
the city's incorporation, and the subsequent action 
of the village trustees and the newly elected alder- 
men, is to direct it to the fact that our first semi- 
centennial anniversary is rapidly api:)roaching, and 
that the people of Rochester sliould join with its 
officials in a proper observance of the interesting 
event; and while the same is nearly a year hence, it 
is none too early to begin to consider what might 
appropriately be done to make the day a memor- 
able one in the liistory of Rochester. I therefore 
suggest that a committee of your honorable board 
and a committee of citizens (both forming a joint 
committee) be appointed, to take the matter into 
consideration and in due time make its report. 

CORNELIUS R. PARSONS, 

Mayor. 

The comunication was ordered received, filed 
and published and the following resolution of- 
fered by Alderman Hinds, was adoi)ted : 

Resolved, That the president of the board be, and 
he is hereV)y requested to appoint a committee of 
five meml)ers of the common coimcil and six citi- 
zens of Rochester to consider the propriety of cele- 
brating the semi-centennial anniversary of the city 
of Rochester, said committee to report its conclu- 
sions to this board at its earliest convenience. 

The committee as finally announced by the 
President vs^as: Aldermen Hinds, Watson, 
Strouss, Rice, Southard and Barron and Hon. 
C. R. Parsons, Patrick Barry, D. W. Powers, 
Gilman H. Perkins, H. H. Warner, William 
Purcell, and Charles E. Fitch. At the regular 
meeting on Tuesday evening, June SGth, on 
motion of Alerman Pelsinger fourteen addi- 
tional names were added to the committee, as 
follows: John H. Rochester, Col. H. S. Green- 
leaf, D. T. Hunt, S. H. Lowe, Frederick Cook, 
Mathias Kondolf, George A. Benton, Josej^h 
W. Rosenthal, Charles S. Baker, James E. 
Booth, James O. Howard, Henry S. Hebard, 
David Healy and H. Austin Brewster. 

At the first meeting of the general commit- 
tee, Oct. 2(5. 18H3, Mayor Parsons was elected 
chairman and Major Benton secretary, and the 
following sub-committee ai)pointed " to re- 
port a plan of the proper manner and 
means of the celebration:" Mayor Parsons, 
Aldermen Barron, Rice and Watson, and 
Messrs. Fitch, Perkins, Cook, Rosenthal 
and Benton. This conunittee at the next 
meeting, Dec. 7, 18s:!, rejjorted the plan 
substantially as subsecjuently carried out. A 
discussion was caused by a proposition to raise 
by taxation |1(J,000 to defray the (>xpenses of 
the celebration. A motion to raise the funds 
by subscription was carried by a vote of 11 to 
8. At the same meeting Mcssi's. Lowe, Barron, 
Perkins, VV^ainer, Hebard, Brew.ster and Kon- 
dolf, with Mayor Parsons added as cliairnian, 
were ajjpointed a committee on Ways anil 
Means, and Pati-ick Barry was elected treasurer 
of the general committee. At the third meet- 
ing of the latter committee, the following com- 
mittees were announced: 

On Invitation and Printing— Messrs. Lowe, Powers, 
Cook, llel)iird and ]5i-ewster. 

On ReiHiption and Kntertainmout — Messrs. Bar- 
ron, Booth, Hunt, Fitch and Hinds. 



On Procession— Messrs. Warner, Rosenthal, Kon- 
dolf, Purcell and (Jreenleaf. 

On Fireworks and Illmiiination— Messrs. Watson, 
Rice, Strouss, Howard and Healy. 

On Literary Exercises— Blessrs. Rochester, Barry, 
Perkins, Baker and Southard. 

The chairman and secretary of the general 
committee were added to each of the sub- 
committees, and the committee on reception 
and entertainment subsequently added to its 
members the following named gentlemen: Ja- 
cob Howe, jr. , H. H. Pryor, Alfred Ely, A. K. 
Howe, H. Michaels, Abram Htern, Judge J. S. 
Morgan, J. W. Martin, W. Duffy, C. S. Ellis, 
J. A. Felsinger, W. C. Barry, Wm. F. Kohl- 
metz, Wm. Aikenhead, H. F. Huntington, John 
Fahy. 

The following named gentlemen were added 
to the committee on Ways and Means : Messrs. 
Hunt, Rochester, Fitch and Rosenthal. Sub- 
sci-iptions amounting to .$4,000 were reported. 
Additional subscriptions amounting to .$3,640 
were reported at the meeting of April 25th, and 
among the i-eports of the sub-conmiittees made 
at the next meeting. May 11), that of the 
procession committee, stated that Colonel 
John A. Reynolds had been selected as grand 
marshal of the procession, with power to ap- 
point assi.stant marshals and aids. Majoi- 
Benton was given charge of the music and dis- 
play of bands. Additional subscriptions 
amounting to $.5(50 were reported, making the 
amount reported to date $7,200. To this sum 
$:300 was subsequently added. The fuaal meet- 
ing of the committee was held June 6th. 



Rochester's Seini-Ceiiteiinial 
Celebration. 



The hour of 12 o'clock noon of Monday, June 
9th, 1884, was ushered in with a terrible clangor 
on the City Hall fire-bell. Its brazen mouth, at 
each stroke of the hammer, sent forth the hoarse 
ly exultant announcement,— the semi-centennial 
celebration of Rochester is at hand. In a 
few seconds the fog-horn on Kimball's factoiy 
lent its deep bass voice to the din, the ai-tillery* 
on Court Street bridge began its still deeper up- 
roar to the occasion, and then all the bells and 
whistles in the city took up the hue and ciy, 
and until four minutes past on(» o'clock pande- 
monium reigned. Mingled witli the harsher 
.soimds, were the sweet chimes of St. Peter's 
Presbyterian church, u])on which the following 
programme was rendered : 



*( )\viug to the disbandment of all tlie militia e.v- 
cept the eighth separate company, Rochester had 
no artillery of her own to use in the celebration, 
unless it were the old army relic in posses- 
sion of Reynolds' Battery. Mayor Parsons had 
tlierefore secured two brass Napoleon 12-pounders 
from the state arsenal in New York city for the occa- 
sion. One of these in charge of a sipiad of veteran 
art.illci-y officers, headed by Col. Joseph Erbelding, 
provided the salute of twenty -five rounds from the 
Court street In'idge, at noon and night on Monday, 
and in the morning, at noon and at night on Tuos- 
(lay ; the other in charge of Battery I.,, First New 
York Light Artillery, Col. (iilbert H. Reynolds com- 
manding, gave a series of similar salutes at Falls 
Field. 



1— Rochester Semi-Centennial March (new) 

E. H. Sherwood 

2— Our Fl.i},' is There 

3— Hail Coluinbia — 

4 — IndepeudMice Day 

" Oh, freedom now through blood and strife," 
5— The FluK of the Fi-ee 

" Beautiful streamer now dear to me." 
6— We Love the Heroes of Our Land 

" Brave hearts that conquered though they 
died." 

7 — Russian National Hymn 

S— America 

"My country 'tis of thee," etc. 

9— Marchin}^ Soufj 

10 — God bless our Native Land 

" Blessed is the Nation where God is the Lord." 

The proclamation of the Mayor,* issued some 
time previously, calling: upon the citizens to 
heartily participate in the festivities was hardly 
needed to kindle the enthusiasm of the people, 
for at the hour above mentioned, despite the 
threatening a-spect of the sky and the patter of 
big drops of rain on the walks, the scene every- 
where was an animated one. Tliousands had 
come in from the country on the morning 
tains to see the sights. The city was decked out 
in extra holiday attire. The prominent 
buildings wei-e almost covered with flags 
and bunting, and the stores, workshops and 



* It was as follows: 

Mayor's Office, { 

KOCHE.STEE, May 28, 1884. ) 
To /he Citizem of BoehcHcr : 

The committee in cli.-irge of the semi-centennial 
celebration 1)1' iiur city has adopted a progranune 
extending fi-om noon, June itth, to and including 
the evening of .June loth. It has been appropri- 
ately determined tliat this slutll be a celebration of 
the city by lier people, and I trust that every citizen 
will actively participate in tlie festivities (iftheocca- 
si(in. Tliere are those ajiiong us who remember 
tlie handet of Rochester, and who liave seen a 
great and pi-osjierous t;ity grow up around them, 
and Hour and lie iwers have extended her name and 
fame everywliei'(^ Thoiisands of wilUug han<ls and 
millions of capital are constantly employed. Edu- 
cation and the arts have not been neglected, and 
here are our homes and firesides. Our children 
will cai'ry forward the municipal inheritance we 
leave tliem, and some will fifty years hence join in 
the celebration of tlie centennial. 

Truly we have cause for gratitude. I therefore 
respeciriilly I'econunend that our eilizens on Sun- 
day, .June 8. 1S81, at their several i)I;ices of i)ul)lic 
worship, and in such manner as the resjiective 
pastors shall deem appi-opriate, unite in thanks- 
giving to (iod for his abiding goodness to oiu' fair 
city, and upon the following I\Ionday and Tuesday, 
(June 9th and lOlh,) heartily join in the celebration 
of our connnon home. Every interest (manufactur- 
ing, business and labor,) can make such a display 
in the procession as will siu'prise even those who 
deem themselves cognizant of their magnitude. All 
organizations of the city are actively jjreparing to 
parade. Let every factory, store and dwelling be 
decorated, and on the evening of the 10th illumi- 
nated. 

Let us vie with each other in making the celebra- 
tion so successful in all its features that it sliall be 
excelled only when the centennial of the city of 
Rochester shall Vie conuuemorated. 

CORNELIUS R. PARSONS, Mayor. 

In accordance with one of the suggestions, Sun- 
day services were held as follows: At the Brick 
Chiu-eh, Rev. Dr. Shaw preached from Zachariah 
viii, 4 and •'>. in the morning, and gave a descrip- 
tion of Rochester as imagined by him in lit84. Then 
people will have learned to respect the laws of 
health; the city's debt will have been paid, the 



private residences were generally decorated. 
The merchants of the East Side had erected a 
handsome evergreen arch across Main street 
near St. Paul. Many of the merchants had se- 
cured as special attractions for their show win- 
dows historical relics of various kinds.* It was 
announced that the general committee of ar- 
rangements had succeeded in collecting fully 
$8,000 from patriotic citizens to defray the ex- 
penses of the two days' municipal merrymak- 
ing. 



officials will be honest and taxes low; there will 
be less attention given by newspapers to jirize 
fights, cocking mains and dog fights, and there will 
be no buying or selling of votes. At the J'Mrst 
Presbyterian Church, in the morning, Rt^v. Dr. 
Tryon Edwards rei)eated the sermon which he had 
delivered fifty years ago, when he was installed as a 
pastor. In the evening Rev. F. DeW. Wai'd, of 
Geneseo, gave the sanu- sermon he had preached 
in the First church upon the dav of his ordination, 
.June 8, 18:W. At St. Luke's! Rev. Dr. Anstice 
preache<] upon the develoj)ment of tin; churches in 
Rochester during the past fifty years. At St. Maiy's 
Catholic tUiurch, Rev. Fatlier Stewart gave the 
history of the pai'ish which was founded in the 
same year the city was incorpt)rated. At St. Petei-'s 
Rev. Dr. Riggs in the morning spoke of " the secret 
of a city's real fyrosperity," and semi-centennial 
sermons were also preached by Rev. Dr. Saxe at 
the First Universalist Church, Rev. Mr. Fisher at 
the Second Universalist Chureli, and Rev. Myron 
Adams at Plymouth Church; Rev. Dr. Landsberg 
had on the day previous delivered an address on 
the semi-centennial at Heiith Kodesh Temple. On 
Monday and Tuesday mornings special thanksgiv- 
ing nia.ss in commemoration of the semi-centennial 
was .celebrated at St. Patrick's Cathedral. 

*A notable exhibition of this kind was contained 
in the window of a firm at No. 22 East Main 
street (in the Arcade building). It consisted of the 
following: The desk used by Abelard Reynolds 
as the first depository of mail matter received 
in 1813, when it occupied the identical spot where it 
was placed in the window; the original tin ])aper 
cutter and sand box used by Mr. Reynolds: many 
of his old post-oftlee documeid-s, dating from ISI.J 
to 1827; a piece of the fii'st plank house erecteil by 
Abelard Reynold in 1812; a branch from a tree that 
stood on the four corners in 1812; the vertebra of a 
rattlesnake taken from a ledge of rock, corner of 
Exchange and Main streets, in isi2; the antler of a 
deer killed on the same s))ot in lsi2; a spinning jenny, 
brought to Rochestei- in 1,S17; a fire bucket used by 
.J. C. Beebe, in 1825; a])ictui-e of the Genesee Falls, 
painted by G. W. Robinson, in 18:W; an oil portrait 
of Jonathan Child, the first Mayor, painted from 
life, in 18.5;i; views of the great Hood of 180."); a 
drawing of the house built by Enos Stone in 18)0: 
flowers taken from the grave of Sam Patch, at 
Charlotte; an engraving of the Gene^see Falls in 
18;J4; a life size portrait of Mayor Parsons ; a picture 
of Alida Mabee Griffin, who came to the town of 
Boyle (now called Pittsfordt, in ITHS; a picture of 
Mrs. Huldah (jriffin i''o.ster, l)orn in Pittsford, 1803; 
a picture of Jonathan lAister, who came to Roches- 
ter in 1825; and a skidl supposed to be the remains 
of a mound-builder, found in the mounds at Brew- 
er's landing. 



The Literary Exercises. 



While the vast throng of people was waiting 
for the literary exercises to begin in the City 
Hall, the Fifth-fourth Regiment Baud gave an 
open air concert to the delight of all, rendering 
the following programme : 



I 



8 



Rochester Semi-Centennial March.. E. H. Sherwood 

Selections from Beggar Student Millocker 

National Potpourri Heinecke 

My Queen Waltz Bucalossi 

Grand March Coni-ada 

The 3,000 free tickets issued for the admission 
of the public to the literary exercises were all 
taken within a few hours after they were offer- 
ed, those applying first being served first. When 
2 o'clock, the hour for the commencement of 
the exercises, had ari'ived, the vast hall was 
crowded almost to suffocation and hundreds 
who did not have tickets had to be turned 
away.* The interior of the hall had been dec- 
orated in a most gorgeous manner, under the 
supervision of James Field. In the rear of the 
stage was a large shield, upon wliich rested 
the golden figure of an American eagle. The 
national colors and flags of all nations abound- 
ed everywhere. The officers who had been se- 
lected for the occasion were : 

President— Hon. Cornelius R. Parsons. 

Vice-Presidents— Ex-Mayors C. J. Hayden, John 
Lutes, N. C. Bradstreet, George G. Clarkson, D. 
Clarkson, D. D. T. Moore, G. W. Briggs, Michael 

Filou, Henry L. Fish, N. E. Paine, and James 
Brackett; Messrs. James S. Stone and M. F. Rey- 
nolds and the following old citizens, most of whom 
voted at the election in 1H84: 

AUing, David C. Hatch, J. W. 

Ailing, Stephen Y. Husbands, J. D. 

Ailing, William Himtington, Elon 

AlUng, Lewis H. Hull, J. O. 

Ailing, John Judson, Junius 

Andrews, Julius T. Jones, James 

Arnold, George Kirley, Phihp 

Andrews, Adna G. Leavenworth, Gideon 

Anderson, Jacob Leonard, Frank 

Arnold, W. E. Loomis, Isaac 

Baker, Benjamin M. Leap, Benjamin 

Bacon, William B. Lear, Isaac 

Bartholick. Dr. H. A. Moore, William H. 

Bell, Jacob D. Moses, Schuyler 

Beamish, Sanniel Moulson, Sanmel 

Bradshaw, (ieorge McKibben. John 

BuckJand, A. B. McFarlin, Benjam 

Bi-yan, Elisha W. Madden, Garrett A. 

Bush, John P. Newell, A. C. 

Brewster, Edward O'Reily, Henry 

Boardman, Silas Osburn, Nehemiah 

Boorman, Robert M. Perrin, Darius 

Burleigh, George W. Patterson, Thomas J. 

Chapin, Louis Pone, Joseph 

Carter, Giles Quinn, John 

Church, Sidney Rochester, H. E. 

Chapman, Timothy Riley, General A. W. 

Cochrane, Joseph Robertson, B. P. 

Cram, Ambrose Southwick, J. M. 

Clague, Daniel Stone, Eben H. 

Comens, Carlos Sage. Nelson 

Davis, Hiram Stone, Joseph 

Densmore, R. Strong, Alvah 

Dart, John Seward, Jason W. 

Dicke.y, Rev. David Stevens, Jolm C. 

Evans, Evan Shields, Robert 

Fisher, George W. Sherman, H. B. 

Fenn, H. C. Smith, Carlos 

Gould, George Stone, James S. 

Grover, Elihu H. St. John, C. M. 

Goi-ton,John Tal mage, .Joseph A. 

Haight, Isaac Thomas, William H. 

Hanford, William I. Tracy, Jeremiah 

Howard, Elijah Winslow, J M. 

Howe, Jacob Ward, H. M. 

Howell, Richard Warner, Matthew G. 

Harris, Orrin Wimble, George 

Haines, Isaac T. Walker, Albert 

Gihnan, James Wegman, John 

Grave s, John W. Witherspoon, Samuel F. 

*The ushers for the occasion were: C. J. Robin- 
son, C. E. Crouch, C. E. Sunderlin, F. W. Vedder, 
G. H. Smith, R. W. Bemish, B. G. Saunders, and W. 
G. Shelp, members of the Rochester Cadets. 



Secretaries— Fred. A.Whittlesey, Charles T. Smith, 
Charles A. Hayden, Jonathan H. Childs. Charles C. 
Morse, A. Erickson Perkins, J. Sherlock Andrews, 
E. J. Woodbury, W. D. Ellwanger, W. J. Sheridan, 
Levi F. Ward, H. C. Brewster, Hobert F. Atkinson, 
Solomon Wile, Henry P. Danforth, George H. Per- 
kins. 

There were also on the stage as guests Mayor 
8etli Low, of Brooklyn, and Mayor W. B. 
Smith, of Philadelphia. Mayor Parsons, as 
President of the day, opened the proceedings 
with the following address: 

MAYOR PARSONS' ADDRESS. 

• 

Fellow-citizens— The event that calls us together 
to-day is one truly memorable. Never again in the 
life history of most of us, so far as our own city is 
concerned, will a similai- occiirrence present itself. 
A half century hence— long after our children shall 
have assumed the mimicipal inheritance we leave 
them, those who are active participants or quiet 
listeners to-day will have gone the way of all men — 
gone to join the innumerable throng. But this is 
not the time for sad reflection. Neither do we as- 
semble in a spirit of triiunph or exultation. 

We have reason to rejoice, however, and have 
called in our friends to rejoice with us. 

Fifty years in the life of a municipality, as in the 
life of an individual, marks an important era. With 
u.s wonderful changes have been wrought. The 
mighty forests have disappeared and the earth has 
yielded its increase. But to the historian .you must 
look and listen for the tale of a half century ago, 
and as to what the future is to bring doubtless the 
orator and poet will most fittingly predict and pic- 
ture. That an approving Providence may contiinie 
to smile upon us as we devotedly hope and believe, 
and when to other hands is committed tlie trust and 
cares of the present and by them cheerfully borne 
and in due time surrendered, may it be said of us — 
they did wisely and well, and faithfully and con- 
scientiously performed their part. And now, upon 
this day so glorious, let us pledge anew our vows of 
devotion to our common coimtry and to this dear 
city. To our vi.siting friends let me say that Rocli- 
ester to-day with lier " green lap full of sprouting 
leaves and bright blossoms" extends a most cor- 
dial welcome. Her citizens and her officials appre- 
ciate the honoi' of your presence, full.v realizing the 
sacrifices you have made in order to meet with us. 
We shall not soon forsret how nmch this most im- 
portant day in our local history is graced by your 
attendance; let the historian of the future in mak- 
ing mention of these exercises record the fact that 
some of the most distinguished men of our time 
and the representatives of many of the cities 
throughout this broad land met and rejoiced with 
us. For almost the entire time of the life of our 
city there has been one loved and honored pastor 
over one of our leading chiu^ches. In the services 
of his church and of our city his venerable head 
has become silvered, his noble heart and deeds have 
won for him a reverence and affection more pre- 
cious than any golden offering coukl purchase. In 
what way could the services of this hour be more 
appropriately begun than liy uniting with him in 
thanksgiving to Almighty God for liis blessings to 
us and our city in the past, and prayer for their 
continuance in the futm-e. 



PRAYER BY DR. SHAW. 



next prayed as 



Rev. James B. Shaw, D. D. 

follows : 

Oh God, oiu' heavenly father, we are assembled 
here to-day to bless ami praise thy name for the 
iriunificent blessings thou hast .shown us as a city 
during the first half century of its existence. Oh 
God, we come til thee to-day as the God in whom 
our fathers ti-nsted. We come before thee to 
humbly confess oui- sins, for we are like sheep that 
have gont! astray and wandered far from the mas- 
ter's fold. We know that we have done many 
things which we ought not to have done, and left 
undone those things which we ought to have done. 
But we come to-day to confess all these things and 



humbly ask tliy mercy iind forgiveness. We desire. 
Oh Tjord, to tliaiikfully ackiinwledKctlie unbuiiiKhHl 
mercies tlioii hast sliovvii tills imiiiiri|)ality (hii'iiig 
the past hair (•ciitiiiT. ^\'(' tliaiik tliee for the 
iKihle rouiiilers iif tin* cilv wliieh thmi gavest lis; 
thai they were eoiisrifiilious and hh;li minded iiii'ii 
fi'Diii whose e.xeiiiplar.N lives has radialcd an in- 
fliienee for good wnieli has Ijeeu felt through all 
the years down to the present time. We also ile- 
sire to thank thee Oh ]>ord for the gi'eat material 
pi'Ksperity thou hast granted us; for tlie sclmols, 
sennnaries and other institutions of learning which 
have lu'cn gi\cn us and havi' done so nnich foi' the 
intellectual interests (if (lur city; fVir our clnu'ches, 
asyhuus, hospitals, ami all tiie houses of iiu'rcy 
which have hecu organi/ed in oiu' midst. And, Oh 
Lril'il our (iod we would conuneud to thine iidlnile 
care and guidance tlie Chief !\lagistrate of the laud, 
the (!ovei-niir of the state, the Mayor and all othei-s 
in authority, and pray tliat the.v may all reflect 
I hine own merciful and heueticent autliority in all 
(heir iifticial acts. May they be able ti> discern the 
signs of the times and lie wise in all their actions, sn 
that at that great and lin.il day they ma.\' hearfrum 
thine own lips the words " Well done, thou good and 
faithful servant ; thou hast been faithful over a few 
things and I will make thee I'uler over many. 
Knter thou into the joy of thy Lord." Our Heavenly 
I'alher, we would also ask thy blessing on those 
wild have <-ouu' here as our guests on this festive 
occasion, and nuiy they return to their homes car- 
rying with them none liul the pleasanlest of recol- 
Icclidus (if theii- sta.v among us. ( )h tJod, we would 
also ask Thee to create such a love for our city in 
our hearts, that we may coidiiuially strive to make 
it nearer and neari'r like that New Jerusalem, the 
city not made with hands, eternal in the heavens. 
.\ II tliese unmerited mt^rcies we ask in thy name, 
and with angels and archangels we ^vill glorify and 
magnify th.y glorious name for ever and ever, 
Amen. 

FROM ROCHESTEK, ENGLAND. 

'I be reading of the following doctimeiit, by 
tbe Mayor, wu.s liHteued to atteutively : 

Town Clerk's Oi^i'k^e, I 
RociiKSTlCR, 2-M May, 18H4. l' 
To /he Wtirxliiiifiil, llw Miiiiar of Boche^l'ey, N. Y.: 

DkarSik: 1 am directed by the Mayor and cor- 
jioration of this city to forward you copy of i-eso- 
lution passed at their last ([uarterly nu^eting. 

The Mayor desires me to exiircss to you how 
much he woidd have been jilcascnl to have acceiited 
j-our most kind invitation and to have made a .jour- 
ney to America and especiall.y to your city, but it 
is (|uite impossible for him to do so. 

Allow me personall.y to ofTer my sincere congrat- 
ulations on your great jtrosperity, and I am sure 1 
can add that the feelings of oiu' citizens will be 
with you on the occasion of your most interesting 
celebration. 
I have the honor to be, deal' sir. 

Yours most trul.y, 

RICHARD I'RALL. 
fAtameeting of the Council of 
I the said city liolden at tlie < iuild 
Cit.y of Rochester, -| hall, of and in the said city, on 
I Wednesday, the fourteenth da3' 
I, of May, lS8t— 
Present: 
('harles Koss Foord, es(|uire, Mayor. 
Alderman, James (icorge Naylar, esquire. 
Councillors: 
I\b-. John Smith Benton, i Mr. Joseph Ord Moore. 
" Joseph Creasey. " Fravdcliu (i. Honian. 

" George Henry Curel. " Jolm .James Foord. 
" Kdward Wm! Willis. " Lewis lilyth Biggs. 

George \Villiaiu (iill. 
It was Resolved, That the Council desires to ex- 
press to the Mayor and citizens of tlie city of 
Rochester, N. Y.. their apjireciation of the kind 
feelings manifested in the invitation given by the 
Mayor to the Mayor of this city to l)e present o\\ tlie ^ 
occasion of the celebration of the .OOth year of the 



city's existence. The Mayor of this city is, he re- 
.grets to say. unable to be present, but he and all the 
members of this Council would desire to unite in 
one cordial wish that the celebration nia.y be a suc- 
cessful one. 

They congratulate the city on its wonderful 
progress manifested in the fact that tlie number of 
Its inhabitants now exceeds KKLUOO, and the.v hope 
that its prosperity in the future ma.y be eipial to 
what it has been in the p;ist; And 

Resolved further. That a copy of this resolution 
under the common .seal of tiic corporation and 
signed by the Ma.yoi- and alderman and councillors 
jiresent at this meeting be forwarded to the Ma.vor 
of Rochester. N. Y. 

[Seal] Chari.ks Ro.ss Foord, Mayor. 

Jamks Georgk Navlar. 

.John S. Benton. 

.losEi'u Creasey. 

(lEIIItdE H. Cl'REL. 

F. W. Willis. 
.J. (>. Moore 
F. G. Homan. 
.John .J. FooHo. 
Lewis Blyth Biggs. 
George W. Gill. 

The following i-(>sohitions, ofTered by Fred- 
erick A. Whittlesey wei'e adopted unan- 
imously: 

Resolvcci, That we the citizens of Rochester, N. 
v., assembled on this fiftieth aimiversar.y of its iii- 
coriioration as a city, have heard with tlie grealesi 
pleasun^ resolutions of the IMayor, alderman and 
councillors of the city of Rotdiesfcr, Kent. Kng 
land, adopted 1 )th May, lS'i4, and transmitted to 
our Mayor. The continued good will and brotherlv 
feeling on the ))'irt of that ancient and venerable 
coi|)oratc body towards this its .youthful namesake 
which are attested by this missive, are Ixitli grate- 
full.y received and lu^artily reciprocated b.y this 
community, and we should liave re.joiced could we 
have welcomed here any representative from our 
elder si.ster b.y the Medwa.y on this our da.v of .jubi- 
lee 

Resolv(Ml, That our chairman, the Ma.yor, cause 
a cony of these proceediiiU's to be .sent to the Mayor 
of 1" jii^ester, J<"ii.glaiid, with the re(inest tliat lie 
comiiumicate the same to the alderman and coun- 
cillors. 

OTHER CONGRATUJ.ATIONS. 

The following telegrams, received by the 
Mayor, were also read: 

WAsiiiNtn'oN, D. (1, June '.». — To His Honor, the 
:\Ia,yor(if Rochester, N. Y., Sir: In response to your 
repeated invitation I have to sa.y, it is with surpass- 
ing regret that I cannot otherwise than in sjiirit 
walk the streets of your beautiful city to-da.y, and 
assist in the celebration of its senii-centennial. iMy 
home for more than a (luarter of a centur.V-, the 
scene of my earliest endeavors for liberty and hu- 
manity, endeared to me by the warmest as.socia- 
tion oi' friendsliip and citizenshiii. I send it greetiig 
and give you joy on this its (iftieth anniversary, 
and extend niv heartfelt ^vislles for its continued 
health, prosjierity and honor. 

Yours very trul.y, 

Frederiuk Douglass. 



t Albany, N. Y., June 'J. 

Hon. C. It. ParmM: 

T greatly i-egret that an important suit comes on 
tomorrow at which I h.ave to be present, so I will 
not be able to lie present. Albany sends her most 
liearty greeting and re.joices with you in your great 
prosperity. A. Bleecker Banks, 

Ma,yor of Alban.y. 



Cincin.nati. O.. .June 9. 
To the Hon. C. R. Parmns, Mai/or of Ilochesd^r: 
Accept my congratulations and best wishes for 



10 



Rochester. May she continue to increase iu pros- 
perity and beauty. 

Montgomery H. Rochester. 

After the clioir of St. Peter\s Church* bad 
rendered the .selection "Angel of Peace" (mu- 
sic by Mathias Keller), with band accompani- 
ment, under the direction of Prof. Sartori, 
the cliairmaii introduced the historian of the 
day — Hon. Charles E. Fitch, editor of the 
Democrat and Chronicle: 

THE HISTORICAL ADDRESS BY HON. C. E. FITCH. -j- 

I think 1 can understand something of the 
pride with which an Athenian, amid the 
crumbling monuments of the age of Pericles, 
reviews Che record of Attic cuiture in arts 
and of Attic supremacy in arms ; or that 
with which a Roman, in the shadow of the 
Coliseum, looks backward, through the vista 
or the past to the glory of the republic and 
the majesty of the empire, and exclaims 
' 'I, too, am a Roman citisen. ' ' What thrill 
of emotion may touch the heart of a Vene-' 
tian, when he wakes from his dreams, w^ithin 
the slumbrous air of the Adriatic where, as 
in Shelley's vision, 

' 'The temples and the palaces do seem, 
Like fabrics of enchantment piled to heaven, ' ' 

and reflects that all the wealth of architec- 
tural adornment and visible memorials of 
medieval luxury are the enduring testimony 
to the refined taste and the commercial gran- 
deur of the queenly city which ruled the 
waters from the Rialto to the Zuyder Zee. 
Thus also may the Londoner muse, as he 
hears the roar of Cheapside, whose stones 
seem to echo to the foot falls of the vanished 
toilers and to glow with the light and 
color which the long lines of civic 
pageantry, in brave array of scarlet 
and of gold, have thrown upon them; or as, 
within the walls of the Tower, he recalls the 
weary imprisonments and the somber 
tragedies they have witnessed ; or, as in the 
fane of Westminister, by tab'et and vault 
and chapel, he notes the events with which 
the names of the quiet sleepers there, once 
sceptered with royalty or crowned with 
laurel, have been associated, through seven 
hundred years of English history. 

I can understand this pride of retrospec- 
tion, this identifloation of citisenship with 
the development of urban life, whose genesis 
is wrapped in the mists of antiquity. It is 



'Soprano, Mrs. F. A. Mandeville; alto, Miss Annie 
Alexander; tenor, F. A. Mandeville; basSj F. M. 
Bottum. The excellent manner in which the choir, 
assisted ))y Prof. Sartori, director, acquitted itself 
upon this occasion, was the subject of general 
remark. 

t Hon. Charles Elliott Fitch was born Dec. 3, 1835, 
at Syracuse, N. Y. ; {i^radiiated from Williams College, 
18.55, and at the Albany Law School, 1S57; practiced 
his profession until the Summer of ISO J; clerk of 
the Provost court at Newberne, N. C, from ]HG4 to 
1865; editor-in-chief of the Syracu.se Standard, 1SG5 
to 1873, and of the Democrat and Chronicle since 
then. 



something of which to be justly proud. 
Cities have been the cradles ot liberty, the 
watch-towers of progress, the nuclei around 
which nationalities have gathered. Of 
nearly all f>nward movements of humanity 
they have been the iuspirers and the heralds 
Frooj them have radiated, as beaoi'^ from 
central suns, the sciences, the arts, the 
philanthropies. I can undei stand the claims 
of long descent, as illustrated in the achieve- 
ments of such municipalities as Athens and 
Rome and Florence and Amsterdam' 
and London and Paris ; but I can 
more than understand, I can fully 
sympathise with, the newer civilisation of 
the cities of this western world I can feel 
its fresh propulsion — the very beatinji of its 
heart. I can realise the mighty strides it 
has made, even in my own life. It is part 
of the work which this generation and the 
generations immediately preceding it have 
wrought. It is of us and akin with us 
Concerning it, some of you may say, with 
Aeneas, ' 'a part of which I was and all of 
which I saw. ' ' Because it is the newer civ- 
ilisation, it is not less worthy of commemor- 
ation than the old Inheritor of the quali- 
ties, which conspired in the evolution and 
the perpetuity of European communities, it 
has essential energies of its own stimulated 
especially by the conditions of territorial 
conquest with which it has had to deal, 
and strengthened by the assimilation, with 
its original stock, ot various races combin- 
ing in the union of peoples which, under 
the genius of American institutions, is its 
consummate production 

Do you realise how new, in the compari- 
son, this civilisation is '. It was but last 
week that, at Whitestown, was cele- 
brated the centennial of the first New 
England migration which, pushing beyond 
the frontier of German thrift, began the co- 
lonisation of Central New York So late as 
1800, although the smoke wreathed it-self 
above the chimney of Peter Schaefier, in his 
Wheatland clearing, and a few hardy ad- 
venturers had penetrated to the Ohio and 
laid the foundations of Marietta, the western 
line of settlement in the United States was 
practically drawn at the Genesee river. In 
the region between the Genesee and the 
headwaters of the Mohawk the population 
was comprised in a few straggling hamlets — 
Rome, Oneida Castle, Onondaga Hollow. 
Hardenbergh's Corners, since Auburn, Ge- 
neva, Canandaigua, with their outlying de- 
pendencies — connected by roads, whose only 
distinction from forest trails was in the 
blazed trees upon their course, along which, 
however, had already begun to move that 
picturesque procession of high -peaked, can 
va*8-covered wagons, with their patient 
oxen, which was, through the coming years, 
to plod its way from the Hudson to Puget 
sound. There were solitary farm houses in 



11 



several of what are now the eastern towns 
of Monroe county ; quite an ambitious town 
w»8 projected at King s, subsequently 
Hanford's, Landing; a few fishermen kept 
watch and ward over the gateway to Lake 
Ontario ; and the section south of here had 
hegun to respond to the quickening efforts of 
Williamson, of Faulkner ana the Wads- 
worths. At this place there had been the 
whir of the mill of ''Indian'' Allan — that 
strange compound of backwoodsmari, savage 
and Turk, whose life of lust and crime is 
still a tale of dread— but its stones, juow 
preserved at the entrance of this building, 
had ceased their grinding, and it had fallen 
into disuse. Jeremiah Olmstead had gath- 
ered a single harvest upon a site near where 
the House of Refuge stands, hut had aban- 
doned it for higher, and apparently more 
eligible, ground on the Ridge In 1800 
also, Wheelock Wood built a saw mill at 
Deep Gully creek, within the present corpora- 
tion limits, but, after one year's experience 
Qi' the fever- breeding miasma, which brood- 
ed over the low -lying lands, had returned to 
Lima, whence he came. For a decade 
longer, the embryo city is to sleep, while 
the woods keep vigil and the cataract, as if 
with prophetic voice, mutters its pro- 
test, untU, at the touch of the 
advancing time, the spell is dis 
solved, she starts from her lethargy, 
and, alert with vitality, asserts her 
sovereignty. The woods bow at her com- 
mand, and the waters are swift to do her 
bidding. 

Somewhere, in this region so favored by 
natural advantages, there was to be a 
thriving town. About this there was no 
dispute The streams sang of it, and the 
opulent acres proclaimed it. To the clear 
vision of the pioneer, its shops, its ware- 
houses and its shining spires uprose in the 
mellow light of the future : but, although 
the approaching fact was definitely appre- 
hended, its precise location was, at the first, 
intangible and illusory. Who has ever been 
able to tell, at the beginning, just where the 
heart of trade will throb and just in wliat 
directions the arteries of traffic will run ? 
These have been the constantly recurring 
problems of urban development, embracing 
a goodly portion of the hopes and the heart- 
aches of humanity. Salem was once the 
rival of Boston, l)ut the stately ships, laden 
with the spices of the orient, no longer seek 
her decaying wharves and the luster of her 
name is in the romance of her past. New- 
port was to control the commerce of 
the continent, but her villas and 
her casino are but sorry oflf-sets to the cus- 
tom-house and the exchanges of New York. 
I can easily remember when real estate in - 
vestments in Sheboygan were deemed more 
inviting than in Chicago. And so here. 
Charles Williamson, the agent of the Pul- 



teney estate, was a very sagacious, as well as 
generous minded, man, and yet over Wil- 
liamsburg, which he designed as a metro- 
polis, the plow bhare is now driven, its 
sharp point occasionally tossing to the sur- 
face fragments of the buried foundations. 
The busy mart of the Genesee country was 
to be at Williamsburg, at Mount Morris, at 
Lima, at Carthage, at Charlotte, at Tryons- 
town, at Hanford's Landing, at Braddock's 
Bay — where not in the groping i In its zig 
zag rambling, the divining rod was pointed 
in vain to the hidden treasures. 

But there vpas one man who guessed 
aright — nay he knew. Nathaniel Rochester 
was in the prime of life when, in 1800, he 
first visited Western New York, in com- 
pany with William Fitzhugh and Charles 
Carroll. Born in Viginia, in 1752, he was 
a resident of North Carolina, during the re- 
volutionary war, and was a mem- 
ber successively of the committee of 
safety for Orange county, of the first 
provincial convention, ana of the first legis- 
lature independent of the crown, besides 
holding a number of other important offices, 
civic and military. Removing to Hagers- 
town, Maryland, in 1778, he was president 
of the bank there, member of assembly, 
postmaster, judge of the county court, sher- 
iflf and presidential elector. He was 
a man of affairs always, a lead- 
er of men in the three com- 
monwealths in which his lot was cast Up- 
on his first visit to the Genesee country, he 
purchased the mills, water power and a 
portion of the land, upon which he after- 
ward resided, at Dansville, and Messrs. 
Fitzhugh and Carroll made large purchases 
of land near Mount Morris, which they sub- 
sequently occupied In I 8 j2, the three 
again visited this section and bought the one 
hundred acre tract upon which Rochester 
was laid out In 1810, Colonel Rochester 
removed to Dansville, erected a paper mill 
and made other improvements there. In 
1811, he had the hundred acre tract, then 
called Falls Town surveyed into village lots 
and offered a few of them for sale, he act - 
ing for all the pi-oprietors. A few 
years later, the tract was divided 
between the three. It is a fact not, per- 
haps, generally known, but exceedingly in- 
teresting and deserving emphasis, that the 
chief impulse to the exodus of Colonel Roch- 
ester from Maryland was his aversion to the 
institution of human bondage. He could 
not bear the thought of rearing his family 
amid its demoralising infiuences He freed 
all his slaves, bringing the majority of them 
with him, as hired domestic servants, and, 
with his household gods, set his face to- 
ward the north star. Thus Rochester, 
which the Chrysostom of the colored race 
was afterward to make his home, and from 
which New York's most philosophic states- 



12 



man was to announce the ' 'irrepressible 
conflict, ' ' is, through the resohition of its 
founder, most honorably identified with the 
revival of anti- slavery sentiment in 
America. 

It was, after all, a bold experiment to 
essay a village here. Unquestionably, there 
was a serviceable water-power, but the 
locality was marshy and consequently sick- 
ly, and it was quite north of the line of 
travel between the east and the west, which 
then passed through Avon ; but Colonel 
Roche.ster had faith and pluck and withal 
liberality. His prices were reasonable and 
long term payments were conceded freely. 
Before the end of 1812, he had, through 
the agency of Eqos Stone, disposed of for- 
ty-three lots to twenty-six persons, and 
growth had begun. The river was spanned 
by a bridge rude as compared with the sub- 
stantial, yet invisible, structure, which has 
replaced it, and over which thousands pass 
daily through Main street, but very famons 
in its day, and the only crossing which had 
been erected over the Genesee below Avon. 
During the same year, Matthew Brown, jr. , 
Francis Brown, Thomas Mumford and John 
McKay had bought a section of land imme- 
diately north of the Rochester tract, had 
also laid it out in village lots, and called it 
Frankfort, arter the second of the foregoing 
named proprietors Two years before Enos 
Stone, who owned some 300 acres on the 
east side of the river, then in the town of 
Boyle, afterward Smallwood, and later still 
Brighton, had huilr, and occupied a house 
near what is now the corner of South 
St. Paul and Main streets, and there, 
it has generally been asserted, that, 
on the 4th of May, 18 lo! 

his son James S was born Mr. Stone has, 
however, recently corrected this statemenr,, 
and says that be was born in the house of 
his uncle, in -what is yet the town of Brijjh 
ton Tradition, still seekuig as industriously 
for that first white child, as Jat^het in search 
of his father, says that a son was born to 
Colonel Fish, in 1802, an<i that he is still 
living somewhere in Michigan, but I have 
been unaVtle to verify this claim The con- 
flaencH of the Rochester, Brown and Stone 
migrations thus indicated was to form the 
strong currt-nt of future city life, but the 
fuller stream was, for a long time to be 
r.hat which had its spring in the thought of 
Nathaniel Rochester. For years, it was 
incontestaVily the chief portion of the town, 
and irt so still if we may credit the repre 
sentations of the west siders to the federal 
authorities when they want to lt<';ate a gov- 
ernment building. 

It has heen my privilege, on more 
than one occasion, before audiences 
in Western New York, to dwell upon the 
fact that the tide of immicration which set 
hither, in the opening years of the century, 



was mainly of New England origin. I am 
glad that no exception need be made for 
Rochester in this regard, and I rejoice that 
the same Puritan stock, which furrowed 
the hill- sides of Wyoming and planted 
the valleys of Livingston, brought here 
the mechanic arts — the plane, the last, 
the brush, the trowel— and that here, as 
elsewhere, they brought the town -meeting, 
the spelling book and the Bible They were 
the men or the sons of the men who had 
chased the Senecas through the forest shades, 
in whose veins ran the blood of the May- 
flower and of Marston Moor, who had re- 
ceived the baptism of the revolution, and 
who, on battle-field, or by the hearthstones 
of Massachusetts and Connecticut, had 
learned those lessons of civil and religious 
liberty, which they were here to formulate in 
law and exemplify in practice. We cheer- 
fully acknowledge our obligations to all — 
from whencesoever they came, from the 
southern or the middle states, or from be 
yond the seas — who have contributed their 
virtues and their muscle to the com mem 
weal, but we do not forget that by far the 
larger proportion of the early settlers — they 
who gave the seminal principle to our ex- 
pansion — were from the New England 
states. 

The growth of Rochester — or Roches 
terville, as it was known fromi 
181G until 1819— after it was 

once started was rapid and satisfactory. 
Let us glance at it including with it the im 
provements on the east side, in 1814 three 
\ ears after the first village lot was sold It was 
yet very rough and unkempt It had five, 
so called, streets Main street ran from the 
bridge east and was intersected by River, 
now South St. Paul street, upon which, 
near where the Chapman house stands, was 
the tavern of Isaac W. Stone. Moses Hall, 
the brother- in law of Enos Stone, had a 
farm house about where the mansion of 
Hiram Sibley is now placed, and, farther 
east, within, as I understand, the present 
city limits, were the log bouses of Miles 
Northrup, John Culver and David J. Bates 
and the tavern of Oliver Culver Buffalo 
street, west of the bridge, crossed Carroll, 
now State, street and Mill, now Exchange, 
street and entered the woods. About where 
the canal aqueduct now is, were the then 
upper faIN, some fourteen feet high, at the 
east end of which Enos Stone had a saw mill : 
from the west end, there stretched a ledge 
of ro(!ks, about four feet high, which first 
curved from what is now Aqueduct street, 
turned across Mill street, and ran out on 
Buffalo street, at the site of the Odd Fellows 
temple. Near the east end of the ledge, on 
the river ^ank, was the saw mill of Harvey 
and Elisha Eiy ; just above this were the 
ruins of the Allan mill, and a little to the west 
was the log house built by the contractor for 



13 



himself and hands while constructing the 
bridge. Dr. Orrin E. Gibbs had his house 
and '^luce on Mill street, midway between 
lyue present line of the Erie canal and Court 
street. The stor6 of Silas O. Smith was on 
the site of Post's drug store. Where now 
are the noble proportions of the Free acad- 
emy the first rude school house had been 
erected, and immediately in its rear was a 
lime kiln A few dwellings had been put up 
in Frankfort, and the block -house built by 
Charles Harford, in 1807, near Vincent 
place, was still standing. The Harford mill, 
erected the same year by Mr Harford, had 
been bought by Francis Brown & Co , who 
had enlarged it to three runs of stone and 
were testing their full capacity in the manu- 
facture of flour. On the east side, just 
above the falls, Moses Atwater and Samuel 
J. Andrews had purchased a large section 
of land and had made some improvements 
thereon, Mr. Andrews having erected his 
own house at the corner of Andrews and 
North St Paul streets. In that vicinity also 
was a huddle of huts partially occupied by 
Indians But the center of village activity 
was on the north side of Buffalo street, be- 
tween the liridge and Carroll street. The 
river, as is well known, widened out much 
more, on the west side, than in these days, 
and close to the bank, where is now the store 
of Charles E. Furman, James B. Cartter had a 
blacksmith-shop Adjoining him west was the 
carpenter and millwright shop of David K. 
Cartter. Next came the house of Aaron 
Skinner, pchool teacher ; then A Wheelock, 
joiner ; then the new house of Hamlet Scran- 
tom, which was set back some ways from 
the street ; next was the tailor shop of 
Jehial Barnard, used also on Sunday as a 
place of religious worship Next was the 
sadler shop of Abelard Reynolds in which 
was the post office, he having been appoint- 
ed postmaster the year befoie, and returning 
to the department the sum of three dollars 
and forty -two cents as. he first quarterly 
receipts The post office, a battered old 
desk, is preserved with pious care by the 
son of the first postmaster, and, snugly re- 
posing in one of its cracks, was found, only 
the other day. an order drawn in 1815, by 
Mr. Wheelock upon Mr. Reynolds, in favor 
of Horace L Sill. It was here that, on the 
14th of December, IS 14, was born our 
honored fellow- citisen, Mortimer F. Rey- 
nolds, the first white child born in Roches- 
terville i)roper. Next was the then unfin- 
ished house of Mr. Reynolds which he open- 
ed as a tavern, a year later Still further 
west, on the corner of Carroll street, was the 
store of Harvey and Elisha Ely On the 
site of the Powers block wei'e the log 
house, bui.t by Hamlet Scrantoin, and 
occiipied by Henry Skinner, joiner, and a 
frame house owned by Mr. Skinner 
On the east side of Carroll street, near the 



corner of Buffalo street, was the grocery and 
dwelling of Abram Stack. A little beyond, 
the inevitable lawyer, in the person of John 
Mastick, had hung out his shingle, and, on 
the west side of the same street, about 
where the German - American bank is, was 
the store of Ira West 

Such was Rochester, seventy years ago 
It had a population of about 150 souls. Its 
streets were unpaved. It had few, if any, 
plank sidewalks. Its habitations, mostly 
combined for business and residence, were 
generally a story and a half high. The 
forest enclosed it on all fides, and within its 
recesses the growl of the wild beast was 
often heard. Privations were constant, the 
means of living were straitened, and lux- 
uries were unknown. There was still the 
conflict with primeval nature — the fight for 
existence ; but hearts were brave and hopes 
were high and associations close. All were 
on terms of equality. There were no fic- 
titious social barriers ; and there was that 
sweet helpfulness of each to .each which 
gives a grace and charm, an idyllic beauty, 
to narrow village life which the city, with 
all its broadening influences and many su- 
periorities, but over which selfishness, 
like a grim Moloch, reigns, can- 
not afford. Of all who mingled 
actively in the life of those days, I know of 
but one who survives. Mrs. Abelard Rey- 
nolds came to Rochester, a young wife and 
mother, to share in the toils of the frontier 
settlement, and to rear her fanaily in ' the 
nurture and admonition of the Lord. ' ' 
What panorama of dissolving woods, of 
opening thoroughfares, of artificial water- 
ways, of iron fingers with friendly clasp of 
distant communities, of ascending walls 
enshrining peaceful homes or uplifiing 
dome and tower and steeple, of hammers 
swinging and wheels revolving, of varied in 
dustries unfolding and expanding, of hos- 
pitals and asylums evoked by the gentle 
genius of charity, of the confident tread of 
the sons pressing upon the tottering steps of 
the fathers, has passed before her eyes. 
Mother in Israel ! we greet thee, to day, 
with reverence and with love, grateful that 
thou hast been spared to witness all these 
wonders, and earnestly imploring that, 
upon the rounded cycle of thj- hundred 
years, now so near its consummation, health 
and peace and mercy may descend in bene- 
diction 

We pass on to the year 1820. The popu- 
lation has increased rapidly, being now 1,- 
500, and business activities have multiplied 
accordingly. In 1815, the old Red Mill, 
destroyed by fire in 1S27, had been built by 
Harvey Ely and Josiah Bissell, every able- 
bodied man and boy in the village assisting 
in the raising. The Genesee Cotton Manu- 
facturing company, which subsequently 
proved a financial failure, had set 1,392 



14 



spindles in motion. William Atkinson had 
built the Yellow mill, upon which our ven- 
erable feIlow-citisen,t^chuyler Moses, worked, 
in 1817. A year later, the paper mill of 
Gilman & Sibley was built, and, in 1819, a 
number of new flouring mills were started 
Already Rochester was renowned for the 
purity of the staple she manufactured, and 
had become the principal wheat market for 
the entire Genesee country. Colonel Roch- 
ester, who had gone from Dansville to 
Bloomfield to reside, had built a house on 
Mill street in 1816, and occupied it in 1819, 
Dr. Levi Ward having meanwhile been in 
possession. The house is still standing on 
Exchange street and has long been known 
by the suggestive tide of the Break o' Day. 
Colonel Rochester subsequently moved into 
the house on the northwest corner of Spring 
and Washington streets, where, on the 17th 
of May, 1831,hedied. In 1817, also, the first 
of the well-known hostelries of the vill ige, the 
Mansion house, was built ; and a charter was 
granted by the legislature to Rochesterville, 
Francis Brown, William Cobb, Everard 
Peck, Daniel Mack and Jehiel Biirnard 
being elected trustees. They met at the 
tavern of Lebeus Elliot and elected Francis 
Brown, president, Hastings R. Bender, 
clerk, and F. F Backus, treasurer Fran- 
cis Brown had been continued yearly as 
president, and trustees, other than those 
mentioned, up to 1820, had been Isaac 
Colvin, Ira West, Moses Chapin, Elisha 
Taylor and Charles J. Hill, the latter so 
recently departed from us, taking his seat 
forthefiist time in 1820. In this year, 
Judge Chapin w^as made clerk and filled the 
position for several terms In 1817, the 
first fire company with Daniel Mack as 
foreman, was organised, and on the 5th of 
December, 1819, it did battle with the 
first serious conflagration, which swept 
away several buildings on the north side of 
Buffalo street, including the saddlery shop 
of Abelard Reynolds and the office of the 
Gazette newspaper, which had been estab • 
lishedin 181 G, by Augustine G. Dauby, the 
father of the craft in Rochester. It was 
followed by the Telegraph, which Everard 
Peck & Co. first published July 7, 1818 
In the early part of 1819, the Carthage 
bridge, then considered and described 
as the eighth wonder of the 
world, and really, except in the 
trifling matter of stabilitj , a marvel of en- 
gineering skill, had been swung across the 
Genesee, and had given away on the 22d of 
May, 1820, and tumbled, a mass of tim- 
bers, into the current below, carrying with 
it the aspirations of the nascent bergh, and 
reviving the force ot the classic epitaph 
" Carthago delendaest. '' But it was not 
absolute destruction. She was simply to 
wait and serve another's weal, absorbed at 
last into that other's entity. In 1819, also. 



a toll bridge was constructed about midway 
between the falls and the present site of 
Andrews street bridge which lasted, how- 
ever, but a few years, and was not rebuilt. 
The year was further made memorable by 
the decision of the state authorities to run 
the Erie canal through Rochester, and 
the survey was made accordingly. The 
blithe music of the stage horn, resonant now 
from Buffalo to Albany, as it wound among 
the hills or lingered upon the ripples ot the 
fair chain of inland lakes, was heard in our 
streets, and pleasant images come to us, 
even in these days of steam and electricity, 
from out the traditions that cluster around 
the goodly fellowship that enlivened and 
the cheerful resting places that broke the 
monotony of the far away journeys. Ah ! 
what regretful longings must sometimes 
pofsess the breasts of the older folk, as they 
recall the lumbering old coach, with its 
heavy springs and its seats of ancient leath- 
er, its autocratic Jehu, artistic in 
every poise of the reins and crack of the whip, 
and its jolly passengers making jests even 
of the jolts and the mud holes ; and then the 
weather-beaten inns, with their swinging 
signs and their comfortable porches and their 
spacious sitting rooms with their wide fire- 
places and the quaint andirons and the 
crackling logs and, under the breath be it 
spoken, the steaming mugs of flip. Even 
at that early day, our citisens had begun to 
pay attention to that beautifying of their 
homes, which has made Rochester peerless 
among her sisters, in foliage and flowers 
and lawns In 1816, sugar maples had been 
planted by Harvey Ely ai»d John G Bond, 
on the west side of Washington street be- 
tween the canal and Spring street, and the 
love of nature had intelligent guidance and 
expansion, long before the nurseries which 
now gird the city — a circlet of emerald round 
ruby, and amethyst and turquoise — had 
made floriculture an art and won for us the 
lovely appellation of ' 'The Flower City. ' ' 
A picture drawn, a few years later by Willis 
Gay lord Clarke, who, had he longer lived, 
would have been the Charles Lamb of 
America, will, in this connection, bear quo- 
tation : ' ' The entrance to Rochester 'from 
' the west is impressive by contrast ; and 
' when you are once rattling over its pave- 
' ments, and through its long streets, 
' you fancy yourself m New York, 
• or eke in Philadelphia. The sub- 
' urbs are beautiful. I envied so deeply 
' the lot of some certain friends who es- 
' corted us along the banks of the fair Gene - 
' see, and showed us the falls of that 
' charming river, that their rei idences still 
' rise to my eye as the very acme of rural 
' establishments. From the roof of ono, I 
' looked down upon flowery walks, the 
' sparkling cataract, the vast pine forests 
' to the north ; the blue Ontario beyond ; 



15 



' ' the city, with its turrets, some of which 
' ' are Hke those which peer above an old 
' ' feudal town in Europe ; and upon the 
' ' tfhaily dwelhugs of good old friends in the 
' ' suburbs ' ' 

But let us take a birds -e>e glimpse 
of the place as it was in 1820. Buffalo 
street was settled as far west as High street, 
now Caledonia avenue, and Main street had 
bouses as far east as Clinton street, which 
was the eastern boundary of the village On 
River street there were five houses below 
Court street, and with these the southern 
limit was reached on the east side of the 
river. With the exception of the mansion 
of Harvey Montgomery, now the residence 
of Mrs Abelard Reynolds, there were no 
houses south of Troup street, and 
Mr. Montgomery ' s house, within a demesne 
of eight acres, was approched, not 
from Fitzhugh street, which was only a 
Jane beyond Troup, but from Sophia street 
which had been recently opened Frankfort 
was mapped out, around the square, which 
had been given to the village by Dr. Brown 
and bears his name, but embraced as yet no 
houses,, except a sprinkling on State, the 
continuation of Carroll street, the last house 
being on the corner of Jay street North of 
Main street, there was but a single house 
beyond Andrews street Marked changes, 
as will be seen, have taken place in the 
names of streets, some of which have been 
already indicated. Spring was then Falls 
street. The northern part of Fitzhugh was 
Hughes street. Plymouth avenue was So- 
phia street and Sophia was Hart Street 
North Washington was Franklin street and 
there was another Washington street on the 
east side continued beyond its intersection 
with North St. Paul, then Market street, 
into Clyde street to the entire length of 
which the name of Franklin has since been 
transferred. Allen was Ann street. Center 
was Fish street. Court now Brown street, 
which bounds Brown square on the south, 
then ran through it, a portion of the square 
having since been appropriated for railroad 
uses Front was Mason street, and Bridge 
street, now in part discontinued, crossed the 
river upon the bridge below Andrews street. 
Canal was the continuation of Mortimer 
street. I have been particular in this de- 
signation of streets because I wished to in- 
dicate how the names of the pioneers are in 
some instances thus appropriately preserved, 
and because, even at this late day, I wish to 
enter my unavailing protest against certain 
changes that have been made. The names 
of cities and of streets, like their architec- 
ture, should have an individuality of their 
own. The mere mention of Constantinople, 
of Nuremburg or of Edinburgh suggests the 
mosques and minarets, the mediteval Gothic 
devices, or the naany storied structures in 
stone which give their character to each 



respectively Deficient as our Ainerican 
communities are, of course, in originality of 
architecture, the> are also deficient in apposite 
nomenclature Simeon DeWitt, surveyor- 
general of New York, went through the 
military tract, some ninety years ago, and 
discharged the contents of a classical die 
tionary upon its hapless towns indiscrimi- 
nately, as a pepper-box is shaken over food 
and the places that might have borne melli 
Huous Indian syllables, or been associated in- 
dissolubly with the names of their founders, 
remain the victims of General DeWitt' s love 
of classic lore. Happily, Rochester has been 
saved from the fate of Romei and Syracuse, 
and Ithaca and Manlius, and Aurelius and 
Sempronius, and the rest ; but it is to be re- 
gretted that the names of so few of her early 
citisens are preserved in her streets, and 
that they should have been bereft of any 
such which had once been bestowed upon 
them Especially to be deplored is the 
change from Carroll to State street. The 
one meant something : the other means 
nothing. But the village had certain litiga- 
tion with Charles H. Carroll, concerning the 
title to the site of the river market ; and, al- 
though Judge Carroll seems to havb had de- 
cidedly the best of the matter in the chan- 
cery adjudication, the village trustees had 
their petty revenge upon him in the passage of 
the following curt resolution, on the 18th of 
September, 1881 : 

''Resolved, That the name of Carroll 
street be changed to State street. ' ' 

This was good in law, but execrable in 
taste. 

As the next step, and the last but one, in 
our hurried progress, let us pause at the 
year 1837. The population has reached 
8, 000, an increase, in fifteen years, parall- 
eled only by the growth of a few western 
cities at a later day. Settlement has ex- 
panded along the lines already indicated and 
there are some new avenues. There are the 
changes to Exchange, Spring and Caledonia 
streets, and Ford, Chestnut, Mechanic, 
Green, Jackson and Elm appear. Dublin 
and Cornhill are known as separate commu- 
nities, and, at the west end, we hear of 
Stra»>burg, the beginning of that German in- 
flow which has been of such immense advan- 
tage to our industries. Monroe county has 
been erected from Genesee and Ontario, but 
the village is still in the towns of Brighton 
and of Gates, on either side of the river. 
The court house, which was to stand for 
thirty years, has been erected on the site 
of the present edifice, and, for five years 
justice has balanced her scales therein. The 
canal has been opened under the auspices of 
De Witt Clinton, great quantities of flour 
have been shipped upon it, and it has 
brought the Marquis de la Fayette to the 
thriving village, to the very spot which he 
who was to be the citisen king of France 



16 



had explored thirty years before along the 
Indian trail. Seven flouring mills are in 
active operation, and the fame of the Genesee 
brand, so long to remain supreme, is fully 
established. There are cotton and woollen 
and a variety of other manufactories, utilis- 
ing the swift flowing river. There are 
breweries and distilleries and tanneries. 
There are over a hundred stores There are 
seven clergymen and twenty five physicians 
and twenty -eight lawyers There are over 
one thousand mechanics, and more than five 
hundred who are classed in the directory of 
the year as laborers. There are ten 
churches, the First Presbyterian having been 
organised in 1815, and being followed by 
St. Luke ' s, Episcopal and the Friends in 1817, 
the Baptist in 1818, the Roman Catholic and 
Methodist -episcopal in 1820, the Methodist 
society in 1823, the Christian in 1823, the 
Second Presbyterian in 182(5 and the Third 
Presbyterian in 1827. In the midst of her 
temporal prosperities, Rochester has never 
neglected the cause of religion, and, ever 
distinguished for her philanthropic institu- 
tions, she has, in 1827, her Female Charita- 
ble and Female Missionary societies, besides 
her leadership in the County Bible, Mis 
sionary and Tract societies. The Franklin 
institute has just been established as a 
literary society There is the Bank of 
Rochester, with a capital of $250,000, 
and the press is represented by one monthly, 
one semi-monthly, two weekly, one semi- 
weekly and one daily publication, the latter 
being the Advertiser, now the oldest daily 
newspaper in the United States west of Al ■ 
bany The village has just had a new char- 
ter, has been divided into five wards, and 
Matthew Brown, jr. , is still president. The 
trustees are William Brewster, Matthew 
Brown, jr , Vincent Matthews, Elisha Ely 
and Giles Boulton. The assessors are Pres- 
ton Smith, Ezra M Parsons, Ira West, Daniel 
Tinker and Davis C. West. Rufus Beach is 
clerk and attorney. Frederick F. Backus is 
treasurer, and Samuel Works chief engineer 
of the fire department, which consists of 
two engine and one hook and ladder compa- 
nies. Dr Penny, afterward president of 
Hamilton college, is preaching in the First 
Presbyterian and Dr. C uming in St Lukes 
church The bar of Rochester is even then 
pre-eminent in ability. John Birdsall is cir- 
cuit judge. Ashley Sampson has just re- 
tired, and Moses Chapin has been appointed, 
as judge of the common pleas Before the.se, 
as practicing lawyers, appear Daniel D Bar- 
nard, a man of rare gifts of speech, who is 
to represent two dit<tricts in congress and the 
republic as minister to Prussia ; Timothy 
Childs, who serves eight years in congress ; 
William B. Rochester who has already been 
in congress, and is to be circuit judge and 
to come within a few votes of the governor- 
ship and is to die, at the high noon -tide of 



his usefulness, by a marine disaster which 
sent a shudder through the nation ; and Vin - 
cent Mathews who, after receiving many 
honors in a neighboring section — assembly- 
man, senator, congressman — has come hither 
to pass his remaining days, the acknowl- 
edged head of his profession, not less dis- 
tinguished for his ijhilanthropic works than 
for his forensic talents Among the younger 
members of the bar are Frederick Whittle- 
sey, who also was to be judge and congress- 
man, and the foremost politician in western 
New York, and who was to die at a cona- 
paratively early age ; Addison Gardiner, who 
was to become one of the first judici^jl au- 
thorities in the state and its lieutenant-gov- 
ernor, and whose recent death, with his 
fame full-orbed, is deplored so deeply ; Isaac 
Hills also departed recently, sincerely 
mourned ; and Harvey Humphrey, who is 
to be county judge and is justly to attract to 
himself a full measure of puhlic esteem Other 
practioners are Sellick Boughton, Fletcher 
M. .Haight, James K Livingston, Charles 
M Lee, William W. Mumford and Samuel 
L. Selden, then on the threshold of his bril- 
liant career William S. Bishop, John C 
Nash, Henry E. Rochester and Henry R, 
Selden are law students. Among practicing 
physicians are William Adams, P. P. Backus, 
John B. Elwood and Levi Ward. As we 
run our eyes over the list of business men we 
find the names of many who are honorably 
associated with our future prosperities. A 
few must suffice William Atkinson and 
Matthew Brown, jr. , and Harvey Ely and 
Charles J. Hill and E. P. Beach and Solo- 
mon Cleveland and Thomas H Rochester 
are naerchant millers Thomas Kempshall, 
Erasmus D. Smith, Samuel G Andrews, 
Nathaniel T. Rochester, Levi A Ward, 
Jacob Gould, H. N. Langworthy, William 
Pitkin, Everard Peck, Preston Smith. Silas 
O Smith, Elihu F. Marshall and Darius 
Perrin are merchants Roswell Hart, one 
of the most sagacious of our early merchants, 
and whose name w^as to be so honorably 
perpetuated by his son, has been dead three 
years. Thurlow Weed, Luther H Tucker, 
Edwin Scrantom, Levi W. Sibley and Robert 
Martin are printers, Benjamin Blossom, J 
G Christopher, Russell Ensworth, Eja^tus 
Granger, Reuben Leonard, Jesse Southwick 
and others are innkeepers Among capita- 
lists Levi Ward, Jonathan Child, Josiah 
Bissell,jr Elisha Ely. Aristarchus Champion, 
Harvey Montgomery, A. M Scher- 
merhorn and Ira West arw re- 
cognised. Among those who are 
hereafter to promote our industries, the 
most of whom are laying the foundations of 
their fortunes, as David (Jopeland, Richard 
Gorsline, Joseph Medberry, Schuyler Moses, 
Ezra M. Parsons, Wareham Whitney, Eb- 
enezer Watts, the Ailing brothers, 
Abner Wakelee, Jacob Anderson, Ben- 



17 



jamin M. Baker, Aaron Erickson, Nel 
son Sage and Lewis Selye. Elisha 
B. Strong is president of the Bank of 
Rochester. Abelard Reynolds is still post- 
master and is, this year, also a member of 
assembly ; Orrin E. Gibbs is surrogate ; 
Timothy Childs is di. trict attorney : James 
Seymour is sheriff ; Simon Stone is county 
clerk, and let it not be forgotten, Jeremiah 
Cutler is his deputy ; Daniel D. Barnard is 
our representrtive in congress. 

These and such as these are the men who, 
in their various pursuits, are to give tone 
and direction to our social, business and cor- 
porate life. No town was ever blessed with 
men more diligent in business or of purer 
moral fiber. All honor to those who are in 
the forefront of our march from the wilder- 
ness to the city beautiful. But back of these 
is an intelligent body of citisenship 
which, resolved into the special 

adaptabilities of its constituent elements, 
assures the best and most symmetrical de- 
velopment ; for it must be noted that per- 
suasive as is leadership, significant as 
is individual impulse, it is, after all, 
through the stirrings of aggregated hu 
manity that progress is evolved. I wish 
we could pay fitting tribute to all who, in 
humble, as well as in exalted, circumstan- 
ces, have helped to quicken our energies, to 
clarify our homes, to illustrate the social 
amenities, to broaden our charities, to en- 
large our educational agencies, and to sus- 
tain our religious institutions. High and 
humble alike, they have nearly all gone 
before. Their names may be seen where the 
vines of June twine about the chiselled 
marble, in that sylvan retreat, where the 
hand of affection waters the roses of summer 
and sets the evergreen above the snows of 
winter, and which Chinstianity has conse- 
crated, through her tender offices and chaste 
symbolism, as the Mount of Hope. The 
pioneers are nearly all gone, but their mon- 
uments are all around us, in the energies 
they have stimulated and in the enterprises 
they have fostered, and, let us trust, in the 
virtues they have transmitted A few alone 
remain, and may their span still be lengthened 
far beyond the patriarchal limit, and they 
be spared to behold even greater wonders 
than the years of their pilgrimage have yet 
witnessed. 

And now, with the facility which histor- 
ical excursions permit, let lis project our- 
selves forward through another period of 
seven years — for the mystical number has 
been propitious for Rochester — and stand 
face to face with the year 1834, with the 
event which we, this day, commemorate. 
Growth has kept on steadily, and business 
enterprises have appreciated as steadily. 
Meanwhile, there have been some notable 
occurrences. A political party has found 
successful expression in an unreasoning pre- 



judice against a very worthy fraternity, and 
has held the many responsible, at the bar of 
public opinion, for the guilt of the few — a 
party whose cruel inspiration it is impossi- 
ble, in these more gentle and refined days, 
to understand, which could not even then 
have had being had there been exigent pub- 
lic issues demanding statesmanlike deter- 
mination, and which naturally became ab- 
sorbed in a new and virile organisa- 
tion, when such questions arose. It 
could only be in the lull of real politics, 
such as existed between iS'iO and 1830, 
that such a masquerade in politics, as was 
anti- Masonry, could have attracted serious 
attention. Like the youth who fired the 
Ephesian dome, Sam Patch has stumbled ' 
through an inglorious death, into a lasting 
notoriety. With a prevision, which seemed 
tantamount to recklessness. Abelard Rey- 
nolds has erected the Arcade which, for 
many years, was to remain our architectural 
pride, until the walls of the Powers block 
towered above it, challenging the continent 
for its peer, and making the fame of the 
city and the building almost synonomous. 
The fifty -fourth anniversary of American 
independence has been celebrated with much 
pomp and circumstance. Colonel Rochester, 
then nearing his end, sending to the com- 
mittee a pathetic letter declining to ^preside, 
on account of his age and infirmities, Daniel 
D. Barnard delivering the oration, Samuel 
L. Selden reading the declaration, and the 
display of the home guard being quite 
as inaposing as it will be to-moraort'; 
for it was not from our fathers 
that we learned that contempt for 
the militia system, which we 
are illustrating so fatally. A year later, the 
founder dies, amid the lamentations of the 
community, closing serenely a life which 
has been eminently useful, and a career 
which has had honorable recognition in three 
commonwealths. The next year, the Asiatic 
cholera, like a devastating simoon, descends 
upon the place, carrying away over 400 
persons and sparing neither age, sex, nor 
condition in its wrathful sweep. I had 
thought to observe faithfully the proprieties, 
by refraining from anything like eulogy of 
living citisens, but I am sure you will par- 
don an allusion to one who, amid that dread- 
ful scourge, bore himself with a dauntless- 
ness, before which that which faced the 
Redan battery or climbed the frowning crest 
of Molino del Rey pales and grows weak, 
who met the pestilence with equanimity, 
when others fied before it, whose step never 
faltered and whose hand never trembled in 
the ordeal, who was as gentle in his bedside 
ministrations, as he was fearless in the 
chamber of death, and who, with his own 
hands, placed over sixty victims in their cof- 
fins. Ah ! that is a sublimer type of courage 
which walks undismayed in the footsteps 




18 



of the plague than that which rushes upon 
the foemen ' s serried ranks in the frenzy of 
battle, amid the plaudits of a nation. Apd 
this citisen- hero, General Ashbel W. Riley, 
the sole survivor of the whole body of village 
trustees — for he was a trustee sixty years 
ago — and the only living member of the first 
board of aldermen, although the frosts of 
nine decades have silvered his locks, still 
walks our streets, erect in form, stately in 
his bearing, with his mind yet vigorous, 
and the blood of health still coursing his 
veins, as the results of temperate habits and 
cleanliness in living. ' 'i&e/i(.s in coclum 
redeat. ' ' 

In 1834, the population has reached nearly 
13, 000. The streets are pushing out in 
every direction. There are ten hotels, some 
of thena still modestly calling themselves 
taverns, the most of which, like the Eagle, 
the Rochester, the Clinton, the Mansion and 
the Monroe are to become famous in our local 
iinnals, and are stiil suggestive to 
many of the. good cheer and friendly 
intercourse there enjoyed. There are two 
banks — the Bank of Roch ster and the 
Bank of Monroe. There are three semi- 
monthly, four w^cekly and two daily news- 
papers, the Democrat having this > ear been 
estabhshed by t<hepard and Strong. The 
Athenajum is a flourishing institution and 
has in its board of directors such influential 
citisens as L Ward, jr. , L. A. Ward, the Rev. 
Dr. Whitehouse, tCverard Peck, Ashley 
Sampson, Silas O. Smith, Frederick Whittle- 
sey, O. N. Bush, Thomas H. Rochester, Will- 
iam Atkinson, Charles Perkins and N. T. 
Rochester. There is a creditable seminary, 
giving instruction in the English branches, in 
mathematics and the classics. There are 
two through lines of stages; the packet- 
boats are well patronised ; there is a steamer 
plying between the Rapids and Geneseo, and 
another is making regular trips from Char- 
lotte to all the lake ports. A new genera- 
tion, working with and yet under the pio- 
neers, has come upon the scene. There are 
ambition and bustle and activity every- 
where. The homogeneity of the people 
begins to yield to cosmopolitan ten- 
dencies The place has evidently out- 
grown village limitations, and there is 
need, as well as desire, for municipal 
government — for a more liberal scale of 
expenditure, for water privileges, for a 
better system of street lighting, which 
Lecky well emphasises as a moral educator, 
for all the dignity and expansiveness of 
city life. 

Accordingly, a charter is procured from 
the legislature, and Rochester taken from 
the towns of Gates and Brighton, is on the 
28th of April, 1834, duly incorporated, 
being in chronological sequence the ninth 



city erected in the state. Its boundaries 
are enlarged to include 4, 000 acres, being 
extended northward to embrace the lower 
falls and the Ontario steamboat landing. 
There are five wards, and in the election 
that ensues Lewis Brooks, Thomas Kemp - 
shall, Frederick P. Backus, and Ashbel W. 
Riley are chosen aldermen, and John Jones, 
Elijah F. Smith, Jacob Thorn, Lansing B. 
Swan and Henry Kennedy, assistant alder- 
men The result of the charter election 
is among the first victories of the newly 
established Whig party, which four years 
thereafter is to elevate Mr. Seward to the 
governorship, and in six years, is 
to carry the country upon a mighty 
wave of enthusiasm for ' 'Tippecanoe 
and Tyler too. ' ' The council having 
a decided Whig majority, elects Jonathan 
Child mayor who, fifty years ago.^ accepts 
the trust, takes the oath of office and, with 
true Republican simplicity, municipal ad- 
ministration is happily inaugurated. Es- 
pecially gratifying is it, in this review, to 
recall the dignified figure of the first mayor, 
informed with all manly attributes. A na- 
tive of Vermont, he had lived in the Mo 
hawk valley and had been a merchant in 
Bloomfield and in Charlotte when, in 1820, 
he settled in Rochester. Here he became 
interested in manufactures and canal navi- 
gation and acquired a competence which 
was, however, seriously impaired by the 
reverses of 1837. He had been a member 
of assembly, from Ontario county, for two 
terms, but had, during his residence here, 
refused consistently to accept office, and was 
only persuaded to respond to the wishes of 
the council by a paramount sense of public 
duty. He was of commanding presence, 
yet alert in his movements and gracious in 
his deportment, wi h a high sense of per- 
sonal honor, and with a resoluteness of wijl, 
which made him inflexible in his 
adherence to a principle once espoused by 
him, as is shown in his resignation of the 
mayoralty, on account of a difference of 
opinion between him and tbe second council 
concerning the number of licenses that 
should be granted for the sale of spirituous 
liquors. In the honorable roll of our chief 
magistrates, none shall be found, in single- 
hearted devotion to the public weal and in 
those (jualities which equip the good citisen 
and the incorruptible executive, to excel 
Jonathan Child. The remaining officials 
of the first year are all men of 
high standing in the community and well 
fitted for their respective positions. John 
C. Nash, afterward mayor, is city clerk, 
Vincent Matthews is city attorney ; Jasper 
W. Gilbert, long a justice of the suprema 
court in the second district, is clerk of the 
mayor's court ; Ephraim Gilbert is marshal : 
Elihu P. Marshall is treasurer ; Samuel 
Works is superintendent of streets ; William 



19 



H. Ward is chief engineer of the fire de- 
partment ; and Isaac Loomis, still a resident 
of the city, is collector. 

Fellow Citisena : In the very brief review 
which was permitted me, in the time accorded 
I had the choice of two courses of treatment. 
I could not comprehend both. I was 
obliged either to ignore the early village his- 
tory or to neglect wholly that which has 
been made within the last fifty years. I 
trust you will agree with me that the prefer- 
able plan was selected, however imperfectly 
\t has been executed. The one would have 
demanded hours of your attention, and even 
then there could have been but the slightest 
allusions to principal events. The other has, 
at least, enabled us to glance at the 
men and women who, through privation 
and sacrifice, rendered our municipal 
progress and prosperity possible The one 
would have been like a canvass so crowded 
with figures as to blend individuality into 
indistinctness. The other presents certain 
recognisable portraits. We honor all who 
have contributed to the common weal, but, 
in the valhalla of our worthies, the pioneers 
must havf' precedence. 

Nevertheless we cannot, amid these fes- 
tivities, refrain from something of gratula- 
tion over the half century march of events, 
in the rear guard of which we are treading 
to-day. We rejoice in our citisen- 
ship. May we not as rightfully 

rejoicts n it as does that citisenship which 
derives its patent from the agora, the trib- 
une, or the guildhall? Our patent was 
handed to us by nature herself. As Mayor 
Child said, in his inaugural address : ' 'The 
' "men who felled the forest, that grew on. 
' 'the spot where we are assembled, are 
' 'sitting at the council board of our city : ' ' 
We are proud of the city which has been 
developed along the lines which the fathers 
traced Gratitude then, a« well as gratu- 
lation, for the marvelous transformation, 
wrought by man, under the favor of 
God! Here is a city of over 100,000 in- 
habitants, with a ratio of increase excelled 
by only three other cities of the state, 
ecjualled by no purely inland community east 
of the AUeganies Rochester ranks as the 
fourth city in New York — the twenty - first 
in the United States. There are sixteen 
wards, and there ought to be more. The 
area is over 1 1, 000 acres. There are nearly 
800 streets and alleys. From the little 
school taught by Huldah Strong, in 1814, 
over thirty free schools, the Free 
Academy, and many select schools have 
proceeded, and, crowning all, there is the 
noble university where Dewey and Cutting 
and Raymond aud Anderson and Kendrick 
have taught, and the refining influence of 
which upon our business, not less than upon 
our professional life, has been as marked, as 
beneficial. There are over seventy churches, 



and here is a See of the Roman Catholic 
communion. Through our streets, as the 
red current through healthy bodies, flows 
the purest water that can be drawn from the 
crystal lake. From all directions, the iron 
horse brings hither its tides of traffic and 
of travel, and thus there is a larger 
and a richer territory tributary to Rochester 
than to any other city in the state, not upon 
the sea board. Our streets are illuminated 
by gas and electricity, all night and every 
night. Our fire department is most eflS- 
cient, and disastrous conflagrations are as 
unknown as unexpected. Our health regu- 
lations are of the most precise and impera- 
tive charav^ter. Our flouring mills have, in- 
deed, lost their undisputed pre-eminence, 
and the Genesee country bows before the 
multitudinous sheaves of Kansas and Da- 
kota, but compensation is found in new in- 
dustries stimulated by the water-power as 
swift and as serviceable as it was sixty years 
ago. We are justly distinguished for our 
humane and charitable institutions — f or phi- 
lanthropy is here a holy religious passion — 
and although, as in all large communities, 
there is the turbid under -current of vice and 
crime, above it flows the mighty, yet unruf- 
fled, volume of an exceptionally pure order 
of morality. Beautiful, too, is Rochester 
for situation, with the blue expanse of 
the Ontario upon her northern border, 
and the valley of the Genesee sweeping 
away to the hills at the south, herself em- 
bowered in foliage, and radiant as a bride 
with the kisses of the dewy -lipped roses, 
never fairer and more radiant than in this 
lovely June tide, when she dons her gala 
dress, spreads the feast for her sons and 
daughters, and beams with smiles for her 
guests within her gates. Not ungrateful is 
she even as she thinks of the wintry blast, 
and of the sudden changes of temperature 
she sometimes experiences, for she knows, 
with Emerson, that wherever snow falls 
there civil liberty abides. Enjoying civil 
and religious freedom she also provides at- 
tractive homes, for nowhere do the poor 
and rich alike have more ample grounds, 
nearly every man with a door-yard as well 
as a hearth- stone of his ov^n — no stifling 
tenement houses, but room enough in which 
to breathe, and to sat the flower-bed out- 
side the window-sill, and to train the wood- 
bine to the trellis. Here is ' 'rus in urbe. ' ' 
Grateful are we her sons for what 
she is, grateful for what her sons 
have here accomplished. Here Selah 
Matthews, and Adams, and Newton, and 
Boughton, and Benedict, and Huson, and 
Darwin Smith, and Martindale, have made 
eloquent plea, or administered the law 
within her temples of justice Here Henry, 
and Bradley, and Reid, and Hall, and Dean, 
and Ely, and Whitbeck, and Gilkeson, have 
practiced the healing art. Here the silver- 



20 



tongued Holley was the champion 
of human rights. Here Morgan 

won the meed of an original investigator. 
Here Weed, and Dawson, and Butts, and 
Carter, and Peshine Smith, and Allen, 
have made and moulded public 
opinion. Here ORielly achieved bis 
laurels both in science and 

in l-tters and we, who are pursuing the 
track of history, on this anniver.-ary, cheer- 
fully acknowledge our oblieations to him 
whose torch of exploration has lighted the 
way in which we follow. Here Scrantom, 
whose devotion to local annals was as rapt, 
as bis memory was tenacious, reproduc 
ed the scenes of the long ago. with equal 
vividness and greater permanence than pho- 
tography fixes the image upon the sensitive 
plate. Here Cuming and Whitehouse and 
Lee and Fenny and James and Parker and 
Yeomaus and Van Ingen and Bartlett have 
broken the bread of life ; and from here, at 
the behest of duty, they went forth, our best 
and bravest, to challenge Death, and found 
him, at the fiery front, on the lonely picket 
line, in dreary hospital bed, in poisonous 
prison pen — wherever war had placed his 
grim and ghastly shape. They found him, 
with courage high and honor unstained, and 
we have woven our chaplets for them — for 
the gallant Force and Ry n and Schoen, for 
O'Rorke, our Bayard ''without fear and 
without reproach, ' ' for all who fill a sol- 
dier's grave and receive a patriot's desert. 
Illustrious in the sons she has nurtured, 
may Rochester be the fruitful mother of still 
other children worthy of their heritage. 

In that most exquisite picture of self- 
renunciation, drawn by the hand of the 
master, ' 'Sydney Carton, ' ' standing on the 
guillotine, looks, in ecstaiic vision, over the 
heads of the vengeful crowd, beyond the 
tumult and intoxication of the Reign of 
Terror, and beholds a beautiful city and 
a brilliant people, arising from the 
abyss, and struggling to be truly free. 
He sees the calmer days of liberty with law, 
the better days of peace and happiness to 
come, and, thus comforted, he bows with- 
out a murmur to the axe's stroke. So may 
we, who soon shall pass away, salute the 
coming days. Some of those who are now 
in the fret of affairs may enter, in feebleness, 
the vestibule of the twentieth century ; how 
few may hope to see the centennial of our 
city's oirth. What manner of men will the 
men of that century be ? Wiser and better, 
let us trust, chan are those of this century, 
for we know that 

' 'Life shall on and upward go ; 
' ' The eternal step of progress beats 
' ' To that threat anthem, cahn and slow, 
' ' Which God repeats." 

May we not be permitted, in our vision al- 
so, to anticipate that day, through the lilt- 
ing mists of the coming time 'i We see a 



city of a quarter of a million people. Its 
avenues are still lined with stately trees. 
Its mansions are those of comfort, as well 
as of affluence, and architectural , 
gew gaws have been discarded by 
a cultivated taste. Its streets 

are as light at night as by day. Invention 
has annihilated space, and the air- ship is a 
reality. Conversation is had, at will, with 
' ' far Cathay. ' ' Life is prolonged far be- 
yond the present span, and in rigid applica 
tion of sauitary and hygienic requirements, 
science has found the elixir of alchemy. A 
great university opens wide its portals with 
free instruction to all who enter. Upon the 
foundation, which Abelard Reynolds laid in 
1813, rises the gracious structure of the 
Free Public Library. There is a better order 
everywhere, a more abounding vitality, a 
surer hope of the things that lie beyond, than 
it is possible for us even to conceive, much 
less to imagine. It is the newer age, and 
the clearer light ; but, in faith, we salute 
that better age We bid the newer genera- 
tions glory in its warnith and cheer. We 
stand afar off and hail that centennial hour. 
We, who are about to die, salute it ; and 
our prayer only is, knowing how, in the 
order of nature we pass away and are for- 
gotten, that some tender hand, searching 
amid the moss -covered entablatures of the 
past may find the half effaced inscriptions, 
and learn that there were men and women 
Avho, in 1884, tried honestly, if humbly, to 
take some note of their city's progress, and 
to transmit it to the coming century worthy, 
at least, of its kindly welcome. 

The quartette sang " To Thee, O, Country" 
(words by Dr. O. W. Holmes, music by Julius 
Eichlierg), and then the orator of the day, 
Hon. George Raines, was announced. While 
Mr Raines spoke the hall had become rather 
dark by reason of the rain following outside. 

THE ORATION BY HON. GEORGE RAINES.* 

The true orator of the hour is the imperial city 
whose fifty years we celebrate; at our feet lie her 
ricli i-obes of green bound round with sheen of 
Iilacid waters. She points us to her open ways 
tliroiiRing with busy life; her schools for youth 
crowned with a University cxuTiculum; her thea- 
ters for popular amusement; her clanking machin- 
ery; iier flags of spray fluttering in triumph above 
the conquered waters escaping from brief impris 
onment in mill and factory to seek the great lake; 



* Hon. Oeorge Raines was born at Pultneyville, 
N. Y., Nov. 10, 184(1; came to Rochester in ISS,"); 
graduated from the University, W(H>\ admitted to the 
the Bar, 18(17; elected District-Attorney in the fall 
of 1871, holdhig the office for two terms; elected 
State Senator in the fall of 1877, serving one term. 
Since then he has resumed the practice of his pro- 
fession, Ijcing counted the most suct^essful criminal 
lawyer in this part of the State. He is the fourth 
son of Rev. .lolm and Mary Remington Riiines. His 
mother's falhcr eauie to Canandaigua in 1798, set- 
tling on what is still known as Remington Hill. 
Rev. .John Raines, a well-known and respected 
Methodist clergyman, came to Oanantlaigua in 1830, 



21 



to the princely palaces of the rich; to tlio tlioii- 
sand homes of toilers in all th<^ arts of life in wiiich 
fair women and l)rave men diir deep in tlie lied- 
rock of conscience tlie foundation of true moral- 
ity and patriotism for file Kcncratioiis of tlie fu- 
ture; to hei- tribunals of .justice in wliicli the ritrlit 
is measuicd to tlu! I'cople; to hei' body of officials, 
adininisleriuf,' a {jovernnieut of liberty ri'fiulatcii 
bylaw; to her crunches and cathedral, echoinfr 
the solemn chant and te deuiu of the relisrion of 
human eharity and of the holiness of sacrifice. 

The triumphal i)rocessioii will lead no van<iuishcd 
enemies but (^ai)tiv(^ hearts in its train on tlie mor- 
i\)w. A fireat city, full of the treasures of art and 
temples of learniiifr, full of patriotic traditions, full 
of lii«h hopes and ambitions, sits in the sunlight of 
a frreat victory (|uiekly Won to receiver homage of 
the metroi)olis of the nation, which, like a ciiival- 
rous knight, comes from af.ir If) honor the Queen 
of the Genesee. We weave for posterity to look 
u|)on, garlands of poetic tradition an<l of historical 
truth and deck with tliem her temples throbbing 
with ecstacy of pride. 

" Who to co'umand fair Athens but one day, 

Would not himself, with all his race, have fallen 

Contented on the morrow V;' 

Let church bells chime and cannon boom the 
universal joy. Proud in every liber of her achieve- 
ments of the past, which are liostages to the 
future, we have to hide no traditional disgrace in 
her civic liistory, either in court or cam]) ornumici- 
pal council. We exalt t^e grand strains of our re- 
joicing in honor at once of all the generation.-- that 
have poured labors of h)ve into our victory in the 
great rivalries of cities. Like a picture of wierd 
improbability rises all the past before us. Tliick 
forests and matted undergrowth shut us in to the 
river edge. Strange noises of birds and animals of 
prey set tlie echoes of the night ringing through 
the outlying hills. The painted son of the forest 
glides lazily along the waters, watching and won- 
dering what will be the limits of the mill-site of 
the i)ale-face. The matron from far Vermont 
hills, or the slopes of the Hudson valley 
w^atches the child playing among the stimi])s 
at the entrince of the rough hewn log 
house, and the strong hearted pione(!r swings a re- 
sonant ax to ring torth the protest of humanity 
against the cruelties of religii)us persecution. The 
hamlet grows apace into the village, where the 
solitary rider leaves a package of mail, or pauses a 
day in the best room of the pioneer, to lift holy 
prayer and read solemn service. The wagons, 
nured as they bring tlie grains from the farms 
about Canandalgua to this market, the corduroy 
roads, the rude bridges, the causeway thrown ovt'r 
the (Jenesee to join the waters of tlie Great Lakes 
and of the Hudson ; the volunteer, patrolling the 
shore of Lake Ontario, keeping lonely watch for 
hostile craft from the North ; the mills rising upon 
the cliffs of the Genesee ; the lumbering stages 
sounding the horn along the Kidge ; the old horse 
railroad to Carthage, all live in the picture drawn 
by the eloquent historian of the day, as in the 
myriad traditions of families and localities. Here 
and there among us towers the form and undying 
spirit of a pioneer soon to depart to join the pa.st. 
How like the gods of Greece, they live in the 
story of great achievement. They rose to the 
height of heroic sacrifice for principle. Tiiey 
drank the bitterest cups of human .suffermg. 
They welcomed snow and ice, and wind 
and tempest, perils of land and .sea, 
as we do the dawn of morning and the dews of 
evening. The civilization of tin; world may well 
be said to be i ouude<l to its ton, when it makes men 
like the American pioneer. It is one of otu' proud- 
est thoughts in this liour that our loved city bears 
the name of one of the grandest of those lion- 
hearted heroes of liumanity. The Rochester whose 
brawn and brain helped to carve from the wilder- 
ness the forest home of our city, has left descend- 
ants still in our midst who illustrate that true 
virtue and knightly honor are the best inheritance 
• of man's posterity. Whether we study their char- 
acter when they fled the stifling air of Europe to 



be free to worship a God of Truth, or when they 
slew kingly forests and suhduedall nature, or when 
they stood upon the field of Lexington or Saratoga, 
orslipped in blood uiion the decks of American 
piivateers. or when they realized in written laws 
the world's liope of a new nation whose light 
should shine as alieacon of jiure liberty to all peo- 
ples, they still outrank the heroes of all wars, the 
statesmen of all nations. They might sjjcak to us 
the words of Solon: 

"If I spared my country, 
If gilded violence iind tyranic sway 
Could iicn'er charm me, thence no shame accrues. 
Still the mild honor of my name I boast. 
And tind my Empire tliere." 

As we look around us to-day upon the fewscarce 
filling this platfoiin, of the men of the first quar- 
ter cciitui-y of our growth, \\r look away to the 
dotted hillside to which, when the city crowd(;d 
upon the old cemeteries, the bones of the dead 
were removed in honor. 

"Time rolls his ceaseless course. The race of 
yore 
Who danced our infancy upon their knee 
And told our marvelling boylioo<l legends store 
Of theirstrange venture, hai)p'd on land and sea- 
How are they blotted from the things that be ? " 
With thtMTi sleep the true-li(^arted matrons of the 
republic, whose memory will not permit silent rev- 
erence. To-morrow a gentle matron who lingers 
among the women of this generation as an inspira- 
tion to high effiort to emulate! her noble character, 
will li^ad the jieoplc in recogidtion of the proud 
victories won by the children of lier and liei' 
worthy compeers of the past. As th;; Vols<ian 
army of Coriolaims was seen from the walls of 
Kome to draw back conquered by the plea of tlie 
matrons of Kome, the temple was opened, sacrifice 
offered, and the S(!iiate did homage to woman, by 
a decree that the consuls would see that what the 
matrons of liome thought would contribute most 
to their honor and satisfaction should be 
done. The matrons of Home answered that 
they only desired that A temple might 
be built to the foriwir of (co/zif);, the expense to be 
defrayed by women, in which the State should 
maintain sacrifices and a solemn service suited to 
the majesty of the Gods. The Senate ordered the 
temple and shrine to be built at iniblic charge, but 
the women contributed and set up therein a statue 
of a goddess, whicli, tradition says, uttered these 
words, " Oh, women ! most accepcable to the gods 
is this your pious gift." Let the voice of the mul- 
titude give acclaim to the wives of the pioneers, 
the mothers of our genei'ation. The temple they 
helped to build is the nation, cherishing \ii-tue, and 
within its protection is enshrined the true fame of 
the women of the republic. Great sufferers in 
peace and in war, nevertheless they ever utter the 
voice of ancient Volumnia as she approached 
Coriolixnus, "If we can do nothing else we can ex- 
pire at his feet in supplicating for Rome." 

Hardly had the wheat of ()hio commenced to ar- 
rive in Itochester liy canal, and a charter for a rail- 
road been granted, when the proud village, picking 
up the blunted axe of the pioneer and the worn-out 
garments of its village infancy and youth, like a 
youth at age, knocked at the doors of the 
parent State and demanded its patrimony 
of sovereignty. It asked chartered privi- 
leges to deal with its estate rich in 
manufacture and trade, and with the ten thousand 
souls in its limits. Its people divided into i)arties 
upon the absorbing question, but, the charter 
granted, feasting and speeches upon the little 
island ju.st above the falls celebrated the event. 
Colonel Nathaniel Rochester having died a little 
liefore, and Jonathan Child being elected Mayor, 
we may pause a moment to repeat a toast of the 
first banquet, responded to by the first mayor: 
"The city, having lost its father, seeks protection 
in the elder Child." Thenceforth the city grew in 
all its parts, channels of trade deepened and multi- 
plied. The best brain rose to the top of public life, 
unselfish and able effort to advance municipal 
growth was given by men who held public service 



22 



a Christian duty. They felt the sentiment of Solon, 
who, when asked," What city was best modelled?" 
answered, " That where those who are not injured, 
are no less ready to prosecute offenders, than those 
who are!" E. Darwin Smith, Gardiner and the 
Seldens made tlie early bar famous through the 
State, wliile Danfortli, Cogswell, Martindale, Angle 
and Cochrane wrestled for the surrendered suprem- 
acy in later days. Conspicuous to-day as on every 
day of festive celebration, part of the do- 
mestic life of this great city, a living ex- 
emplar of the precepts of his master, a 
white-haired veteran still lifts the curtain 
of life's mystery in our midst and makes the name 
of Shaw houseriold. 1 may not pause, without fear 
of invidious comment, on this dav of review of our 
growth and hopes, to select the master minds wno 
nave organized great commercial enterprises. But 
one citizen in the use of his vast fortune has mar- 
shalled all the way they should go. Who does a 
great action in peace should live in history beside 
the chiefs of armies which have changed social des- 
tinies. Who lifts a monument to high achievement 
in letters, politics or art before the people of a city, 
and thereby gives birth to loftier impulses and new 
standards of attainment; who breathes over the 
culture of an hundred thousand people the chaste 
influence of the purest conception of the masters in 
painting and sculpture, has done more than build 
vast commercial enterprises. He has awakened 
the human mind to sympathy with the beauti- 
ful in nature and the good in humanity. 

The dramas of suffering by vice and hate, of exal- 
tation of life by goodness, love and truth, cut in 
marble or painted on canvas by geniuses now dead, 
draw all intellectual life to a liigher plane of cul- 
ture and action A gallery of art is the Parthenon 
of a city ; a parent of virtues in the living and a 
glorious tradition in history. 

A little aside from the center of the city in a 
classic shade of elm and English oaks the unique 
memorial of the life of a great man under his own 
hand takes shape and permanence. He has not 
desired the fame of a statesman, author or orator, 
all easily achieved. Around him for thirty years 
has centered the intellectual growths of the city 
we love and of the villages of Western New York. 
His pupils swell the ranks of every profession, 
equip the faculties of schools, organize vast busi- 
ness enterprises and are the thousand hands and 
hearts and brains with which the solitary mind is 
content to mould the generation he walks among 
for future good. Stone upon stone he builds a just 
fame to outlive the breath of eulogy. At morning 
and eventide, with reverence of filial love, a whole 
people led by his goodness and greatness of mind 
and heart, his noble gift of a university to his fel- 
lows, breathe the name of President Anderson. 
When the generals of the army wrote upon the 
billets of wood at the altar tlie names of the men 
who had most achieved, each wrote his own name 
first and that of Theniistocles second. To 
Eurypidesin Sparta was given the prize of valor 
and to Themistocles the i)rize of wisdom and the 
crown of olives. Anderson is our Themistocles, 

" Sage he stands. 
With Atlantean slioulders fit to bear 
The weight of mightiest monarchies; his look 
Draws audience and attention still as night 

Or summer's noon-tide air." 

We point out these master minds of our city's 
life and growtli to show that the (ionditions of our 
time still admit of the production of great mvn. 
Said Metternich, forty years ago, speaking of Eng- 
land : " Woe to the country who.sc condition and 
institutions no longer produce gi'eat men to man- 
age its affairs." In tlic attempt to realize tlie full 
measureof the gr()wtli attaincHJ and of the condi- 
tion of future progress, we are led to study the 
cities which have existed in history and borne a 
part in impelling civilization to its prtisent advance- 
ment. Not more surely does the marble and can- 
vas imprison the genius of Pliideasand Ifembrandt, 
and the written page picture fortli the highest 
thought of a Cervantes and Ilacon, than do the 
tablets of laws and public buiklings in their ruins 



illustrate the habit of life, moral culture and ten- 
dencies of ancient cities. They had their public 
marts in which the products of the known world, 
brougiit by vessel or caravan, were exchanged. 
They were builded for security from attack in 
fortresses provided by nature upon hillsides 
and cliffs, and were compacted within walls 
of stone defended by brazen gates. They 
sprang up about the palace walls ot royalty to be 
enriclied by its largess, or about some cathedral of 
a century's growth to tax the piety of myriad pil- 
grims to sustain their splendor. 'Phey grew rich 
and powerful almost alone, at the mouths of great 
rivers or at the harbors of tne seas, upon the front- 
age of maritime commerce. They enjoyed sover- 
eignty beyond their borders, received tribute of 
subject peoples and made peace or war as nations 
do now. The growtli of absolute power in kings 
and the accretion of empires changed the condition 
of cities of modern Europe. A few tradesmen as- 
sembled in Guild Hall voted to the king the price 
of a charter making their guild the body corporate 
with the right to tax and rule their neighbors and 
perpetuate their power by methods of self-election 
now known as distinguishing close corporation. 
They kept a soldiery to furnish to the use of the 
king for defense or conquest as part of the price of 
power. They had representatives as cities in the 
councils of the king to consent or refuse the de- 
mand of money to be drawn from the municipal 
treasury, for support of royalty. They had a con- 
tract, in the guise of charter or grant, by which the 
franchise of the city abided in perpetuity with all 
its obsolete, useless and burdensome privileges. 

The American city is a unique and consummate 
memorial of the changes wrouglit by the centuries 
of toil and thought in commerce, population, and 
social and political ideas. New dynasties of ideas 
hold sway over new conditions of growth. Our 
cities spring into life among the iiills where the 
sources of great rivers part to course either way 
across a continent, or the bowels of the earth are 
torn open for hidden treasure, and in the valleys 
where thunderous music of waterfalls overcomes 
the outcry of multiplied machinery. They rise, 
like the legendary tents of the weird army of ghosts 
that beseiffed the walls of Prague in a night, where 
the rumbling earth tells of the power of man to 
join the mountains with steel and pass over tliem 
upon the wings of the wind, but they linger after 
many suns have scattered the pavihoned clouds of 
the night. They sit like lazy deities of Midas-touch 
amid the cloth of gold of vast prairie belts glisten- 
ing in tlie harvest sun and wave welcome to the far 
distant sails that tack through seas, rivers, and 
lakes up to the granaries of the world. Unlike the 
academies of old, no patent of nobility nor wealthy 
patronage opens the halls of our scliools to the 
ambitious student. The stamp of the image of the 
Creator opens tlie approacli along the paths of 
technical leaniing up the ascent to the rich discourse 
of thetliouglit of great minds. The rudiments of 
knowledge, the serene philosophy of Plato and 
Hamiltfin, the rise and corruption of social sys- 
tem.s, the surge of population, the philosophy of 
history, the discoveries of continents, the canjns 
of literature and art, the tongues of ancient and 
modern nati(ms, the mysteries of outstretching 
fields and wateis of earth, the greater harmonies 
of nature i)y which planets, suns and cycling stars 
composing one vast universe hold tlieir eternal 
rounds in deference to a purpose that sweeps 
through ages of wondrous evolution, all are 
taught to exi)aud the conception of the mind, of 
the duty and possibilities of man. A common 
school system has drawn knowledge down from the 
clouds to sit at tlie firesides of the people. Tlie 
workman disputes with the master of scientific 
inetlK/ds, for priority of inventinn in tlu! aiii)liaiices 
of trades. He passes independent Judgnient upon 
vagaries of leaders of thought. A generous rival- 
ry in the attainment of absolute truth has set the 
toiler free from the worsliip of the Fetich of dog- 
ma and poured into the schools a tide of discov- 
eries to stimulate new enquiry. Freedom of 
thought has been the prolific parent of all the lib- 
orties that dwell in social and pohtical forms. 



23 



No metes or bounds are set to man's stndy 
of the reason of tilings. The plowshare of tolera- 
tion has turned up to die the rooted prejudice of 
centuries. Yet humility sits upon the brow of 
thinkers as the knowledge that th(;y stumble in the 
vestibule of creation teaches tliem the pos.sible 
grandeur of the temple of the master mind, and 
that the scroll written upon the stars is yet unread. 
Knowledge and worship hand in hand bow in the 
market-place and sanctuary, and speak in all the 
forms of social, business and moral life of man's 
moral accountability as a corollary of absolute 
freedom. A living popular conscience, like; the 
mills of the (jods. srrinds brazen immoralities un- 
covered to the light. This enlarged moral si!iise 
has mai-ked the cities of our time with charities to 
which all churches arc tributary, and has fastened 
upon municipal life duties of relief to the poor t)f 
communities. Hospitals and homes of the poor, of 
private and public maintcaance, ris(^ like a (u'oss by 
the wayside to receive homage of the citizen as one 
of the moralities of life. Later, but with quickened 
force, this sense of human duty strikes off the 
manacU^s of the prisoners, lets tli(; light of \)o\>ii 
shine into the cells of criminals and builds a new 
system of detention of child and man whom 
society separates from itself by penal laws. In 
this year of jubilee it attacks like an iconoclast the 
mouldy cells, rotten timbers anfl charncl house' 
damps of yonder jail, which a miserly economy has 
cli(!rished too long. 

Man in his individual condition and purposes 
could not thus center the world's thought 
without expanding his political relations 
and fiekl of action. His advantage meas- 
ures the limits of power and the condi- 
tion.T of its exercise. Power is drawn down trom 
the high places in which It was guarded and has 
been scattered among the people as the true sov- 
ereiiriis of nations. Multiplied forces of modern 
civilization have turned and overturned the forms 
of society until nothing abides but the dominant 
will of citizenship, ascertained by means that dom- 
inant will itself prescribes. Political forms have 
gathered about seething thoughts of liljerty as the 
mountains and continents about the molten fires of 
earth. Jlere a mountain wall of constitutional 
decr<;e of judicial power has been thrown up to 
limit encroachments of government upon individual 
liberty. There deep gullies guide rivers of revenue 
to the defence of national integrity, while like 
broad prairie lands between, lie myriad regulations 
of social peace aud political convenience. Consti- 
tntiotiS prescribe the general laws for large terri- 
tories and place all functions of government 
nearest the homes and lives of the people in the 
dwellers in localities. A portion of sovereignt y is 
allotted to them in which all bear a share. The 
whole field ot controversies as to tlie i-ights of i)er- 
sons or of property, public works, police regulation 
of social order, the adjustment of burdens of tax- 
ation, are remitted to the municipality aiul its citi- 
zenship. The power to devise public measures, the 
power to execute them, and the duty to recteive 
tithings of the pet)ple are committed to distinct tU;- 
partments of local offices, with varied cliecks to 
intercept greed of power or of corrupt emolument . 
Kvils may infest one department without corrupt- 
ing the life-blood of others. The tendency to cen- 
tralize resj)onsiliility in single heads of departments 
k(!eps up with the tendency to distinguish depart- 
ments, while overall, with vested power to enforce 
in the administration of each the will of the com- 
nuniity, is placed an officer whose discretion is the 
safeguard of the general welfare. More direct and 
servile obedience of officers to the people, more 
sununary power of removal and ultimate recogni- 
ti<m that public office is a public trust, is the strong 
tendency in municipal life. Sophocles said, " Swift 
in its marcli is evil counsel. The planning of 
gigantic schemes of public taxation, swiftly ex- 
ecuted and of doubtful propriety, has engrafted 
on the constitution amendments to check the 
rapacity of the officers of the people. Said 
Straionicus facetiously : " T would order the 
Athenians to have the conduct of mysteries and 
processions ; the Eleans to preside in games, and 



the Lacedemonians to be beaten if the others did 
amiss." The taxpayer has given over the Lace- 
demonian part to the official, and taught him the 
virtue of integrity and economy. Thus far we have 
been content to note the forms of our life con- 
trasted with those produced by different condi- 
tions. We have mentioned the conspicuous 
changes in the physical and political growth 
of <mr city, and souglit to note the moving spirit 
an<l tendencies of our time ; but written laws 
are the mere arteries of the body politic in wnich 
flows the life blood of citizenship. Around us 
are an humirt^d thousand men and women who 
liave shared the struggles and burdens of fifty 
years of history. Tlu^y are not girt with walls of 
class distincti(jn; with lines of nationality, or bar- 
riers of sect. Togisther as one people, with 
similar language and customs, passions and hopes, 
they have toiled to build an American city. They 
have shared adversity in financial panic: have 
faced blood and pestilence, and sat 
together within the sanctnary of the 
living God. They have given to fire- 
stricken sister cities of the overflow o.J their 
wealth; to famine stricken foreigners their bounty, 
and to lovers of liberty in all lands, money and 
arms to strike at tyranny. They have welcomed 
Lafayette, have heard the eloquent voice of Web- 
ster, and bowed with grief as the bier of great 
Henry Clay, moved on to its Kentucky rest, 
throtigh the streets of the city. The maimed vet- 
erans of ISLi and of the Mexican battles of 1847,like 
fragments of a mighty vessel wrecked in a storm, 
have been thrown up at their doors to receive 
shelter. They have heard the lips of Seward de- 
clare the strife of the ^ages was again joined be- 
tween great civilizations seeking to master our con- 
tinent. They watched the picket lines of liberty 
driven in by border ruffians upon the far plains of 
Kansas, and caught the hand of the fugitive from 
the house of bondage, whose creaking hinges 
smote against the heavens with the awful appeal 
to the sword of eternal justice. Thev saw the 
smoke curl up from Moultries iron mouths, and 
their quivering hearts, seized by the whirling ele- 
ments God's wrath had unloosed, answered to 
Moultries flame, " With life and honor on the al- 
tar of country, we march to ui)hold the imperilled 
flag." They picketed and bivtmacked, tliey marched 
along the swamp and builded bridges, they dug in 
the trenches and drew the cannon into place, 
they burnished the bayonet and wiped the 
sword, they kissed the Bible of mother 
gift and wrote a brief line of farewell. They de- 
filed in the early sunlight upon the plains of An- 
tietam, along the Ohicahominny, before Freder- 
icksburg, and uijon the crest wave of war rode 
triumphant to death at (iettysburgh. They sang 
the battle hymn, "His Soul is Marching On," at 
Cold Harbor and Spottsylvania, and amid the 
throng that watched the truce flags of Appomat- 
tox pass to and fro, while the seal of eternal 
truth was traced by the sword of the living God 
upon the emancipatiim prochunation, stood the 
living sons of our loyal city. They marched with 
the battered veterans of the South and West, with 
the heroes of Shiloh and Vicksburg, with arms 
and uniforms rusted and stained, in the great 
spectacle of American history down Pennsylvania 
avenue. They lingered but a little to rest, and 
regiment upon regiment rolled in upon our homes 
brmging visions of honor and glory earned by 
priceless sacrifice. Some came not with them. 
Their names are memorials of patriotism to all 
times. Yonder hills hold up to heaven their deeds 
inscribed on stone. Their names are upon the 
rolls of immortality. Their chieftain, great, good, 
of imperishable fame on earth, the martyred Lin- 
coln, marslials the Union dead he loved and pitied 
along the battlement of a great city which is filled 
with a voice saying "Ye are my well beloved." Who 
shall say that a city whose history is so replete with 
honorable achievement in five decades shall not 
vaunt itself upon its citizenship. If you would 
find the valor of Thermopylae, the constancy of 
the old Guard, the endurance of the soldier that 
guarded the retreat from frozen Moscow, the stub- 



24 



born loyalty of the army of tlie great Frederick 
surpassed, lift the shadows of the past from the 
battle fields of the Kepubllc stiffened with blood 
and littered with death, and people them again 
with the Grand Army of the Union. Speak life to 
the bones of O'Rourke, Sullivan and Ryan, that 
they may show how grandly patriots die. In this 
hour of our .iubilee let this proud city thrill in every 
fiber with the memories of her sons living and 
dead. Let her to her sons and daughters of the 
future say : " You may rival in labors but not in 
achievment, my children, whose names I have 
written on the deathless scroll of 
patriotism." To you, my fellow citizens, 
comes the appeal of all who have 
honored the past of this city to carry their fame 
and that of the city as a sacred legacy to posterity 
unstained by avarice, by breach of public trust or 
private duty, broadening and deepening the cur- 
rent of municipal life to enrich the hearts and lives 
of all her people. Cherish the school, the church, 
the purity of her government, and honor the un- 
selfish labor of her chief citizens to advance her 
material and intellectual growth. When the cen- 
tennial of our city dawns let it find the way of her 
advance still full of honor, her citizenship pure, 
patriotic and vigorous, her glory sustained and as- 
sured to all generations. 

" To the sages who spoke, to the heroes who bled, 
To the day and the deed strike the harp-string of 
glory ; 
Let the songs of the ransomed remember the dead, 
And the tongue of the eloquent hallow the story; 
O'er the bones of the bold be the story long told. 
And on fame's golden tablets their triumphs en- 
rolled. 
Who on freedom's green hills freedom's banner un- 
furled. 
And the beacon fire raised that gave light to the 
world." 

"The Cxolden Year" (words by Tennyson, 
music by Henry Leslie) was sung by the quar- 
tette, and Rev. Joseph Alien Ely delivered the 
poem, as follows: 

Kocliester. 

1812- 1SS4. 



BY HEV. .lOSEPH AI.LKN ELY.= 



Out of the forest sprung 

City of ours ! 
Fondly thou dwell'st among 
Trees that with thee were young. 
Now be thy praises snug, 

City of flowers 1 

O'er thee no castle walls 

Proudly look down; 
No mythic glor> falls, 
No storied past entliniUs, 
Marble nor hronze re»;alls 

Ancient renown. 

Yet on the traveller's thought, 

Where'er he roams. 
O'er lands where art hath wrought, 
Lands with all memories fraught. 
Thine image comes unsought 

City of homes ! 

Beauteous thy vale of old. 
Fair (ienesee 1 1 



y 



* Rev. .Joseph .\llen Ely was horn in Rochester, in 
18415; graduated from the University of Rochester, 
IStili; graduated from the Roeliester Theological Sem- 
inary, IHTO; pastor of the Congregational church at 
Oraiige Valley, N. .1., from IHKi to December, 18H3. 

1 The Indian name for (ienesee was Gen nis-he-yo 
meaning the beautiful valley. Morgan's League of 
the Iroquois. 



Down from the mountains rolled, 
Bearing the manifold 
Wealth of the harvest gold. 
Onward with thee. 

Hovering on snowy wings 

O'er the rock's crest, 
Strength of thy gathered springs, 
Down thy swift current flings. 
Then, with soft murmurings. 

Glides to its rest. 

Hidden thy charms from view. 

Unheard thy roar. 
Winding the forest through 
Long ere the city grew. 
Long ere the light canoe 

Pushed from the shore : 

We are of yesterday, 

Dateless thy tide: 
Men, like the drops of spray 
Born of the cataract's play, 
Glisten and pass away, 

Thou dost abide. 

Amid your choirs of green. 

Sing all ye birds I 
Sing what your eyes have seen. 
Nestling the leaves between. 
All that your thoughts have been. 

Songs without words. 

Songs which the redman heard 

And understood; 
Paused, for his heart was stirred. 
Ere the swift arrow whirred, 
Iiself another bird. 

Born of the wood. 

Sweet to his ear at morn 

Came yoin- glad tone. 
When, through the ripening corn. 
Passed, like a wail forlorn 
Of the Great Spirit born. 

The wind's low moan.* 

Sweet in the lonely night 

To him your lay, 
When, from the watch fire bright, 
The trembling sparks of light 
Held to the forest height 

Their silent way. 

Often that ranger wild 

By grove and stream, 
He, too, a forest child, 
Grew in his fierceness mild. 
So by your strains beguiled 

As by a dream. 

Mid sterner cries that woke 

Thoughts in his heart; 
Floixls o'er the cliffs that broke, 
CrashiogK of mighty oak, 
Skies that in thunder spoke, 

Ye had your part. 

E'en to the savage breast, 

Yoiu' notes were dear. 
For he, too, might be blessed. 
Tossed between toil and rest, 
And lightened or oppressed 

By hope or fear. 



' The Iroquois called the corn, the beans and the 
squash, oi'K i.ipio, or our supi-okteks, and they be- 
lieved that the care of eacli was entrusted to a 
sepaiiite spiiit There is a legend in relation to 
com that ii was originally of easy cultivation and 
yielded abundantly. The Evil nunded, envious of 
ibis great gift, to man, went forth into the fields and 
spread over it a laiiversal blight Since then it has 
been harder to cultivate and yields less abundanily. 
Wlien the rustling wind waves the corn leaves witii 
a moatnng sound, the pious Indian fancies that he 
hears the si)irit of the corn bemoaning in compas- 
sion her blighted fruitfuluess.— Morgan. 









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27 



And when his soul, let free. 

Would soar on high, 
He set at lilverty 
A captive l)ir(l to be 
His spirifs win^ to thee 

Thou distant sky.* 

Then when the pioneer, 

Weary and lone. 
Built his log cabin here, 
(iirt by the forest fear, 
Yours was the welcome cheer 

Of voices known. 

Round him were all things new : 

The red faced throng ; 
IMen wild and strange to view. 
Strange ni their speech ; but you, 
Vou from the old he knew, 

And knew vour song. 

Oft had he heard your strain 

lu lands lovei best. 
Joyed now to hear again 
Still the old sweet refrain. 
Here, too. unchanged remain. 

Far in the west. 

Forests have passed away. 

And, where they stood. 
Stretch in their bright array 
Hamlet and town to-day. 
Fields with the winds at play, 

A mimic wood. 

O birds do ye not know, 

Above our strife. 
What clianges pass below. 
What surgings to and fro. 
As on the swift waves flow 

Of human life 1 

Where those few structures rude, 

The settler's care. 
Huddled, a little brood. 
Mid the vast solitude. 
Now, in its pride, is viewed 

A city fair. 

But ye, light-hearted race, 

Free as the air, 
Bound to no dwelling place. 
Your home the romid of space, 
Who pass and leave no trace. 

Ye are still there. 

Changing, the permanent: 

Fixed is the free; 
When, from the firmament. 
Stars plunge in swift descent, 
Melts every element. 

We shall still be. 

On through the fleeting years 

Man shall abide. 
With the same hopes and fears. 
Still the same joys and tears. 
Though all the earth appaars 

New at his side. 

Not on the wave that flies 

Build we secure ; 
Dei-p from within must rise 
Strength which all change defies. 
Manhood alone supplies 

What shall endure. 

Founders of older worth. 

Builders of Rome, 
Brought from thf'ir land of birth 
Each his own clump of earth. 
Dug from the family hearth. 

To the new home. 



* A beautiful custom prevailed in ancient times 
among the Iroquois of capturing a bird and freeing 
it over the grave on the evening of the burial, to 
bear away the spirit to its heavenly rest.— Morgan. 



Came thus, the land to bless. 

Closed in the clods. 
Pledged to the work's success, 
(iuardiau'* of happiness. 
Refuge in all distress. 

The ancestral gods. 

On the new altar dwelt 

All the old fires. 
Round it the children knelt. 
To it their homage dealt. 
In it the presence felt 

Still of their sires.* 

So were they girt around 

Who builded here: 
Here, too, was native ground. 
Here, too, might home be found. 
Anthem and i)salm resound 

By altars dear. 

Lived their loved East again 

Here in the West, 
Borne by heroic men 
Through river, lake and glen. 
Mid the wdd forest, then. 

Seeking its rest. 

Long may the city's fame 

Honor their worth. 
Long, where the fathers came. 
Children their praise proclaim. 
Bearing a noble name 

Wide through the earth. 



SPEECHES BY VISITINO MAYORS. 

When the last strains of the much -admired 
"Festival Hymu"+ (music composed expressly 
for the occasion by Professor Albert Sartori) 
had died away, Mayor Parsons introduced 



' In the foundation of Rome Romulus dug a small 
trench of a circular form and threw into it a clod of 
earih which he had brought from the city of Alba. 
Then each of his companions threw in a little earth 
which he had brou-rht from the country from which 
he had come. Their religion forbade them to quit the 
land where the family hearth had been established 
and where their ancestors reposed. It was necessary 
then, in order to be free from all impiety,t hat each of 
these men should carry with him, under the symbol of 
a clod of earth, the sacred soil where his ancestors 
were buried and to which their manes were at- 
tached. A man could not quit his dwelling place with- 
out taking with him his .soil and his ancestors,sothat 
he might say, in pointing out the new place which 
he had adopted: This is still the land of my fathers; 
here is my country, for here are the manes of my 
family.— De Conlanges' The Ancient City. 

t The poem by S. F. Smith, author of the words 
of "America," were as follows : 

God ever glorious ! 

Sovereign of nations. 

Waving the banner of Peace o'er the land; 

Thine is the victory. 

Thine the salvation. 

Strong to deliver. 

Own we thy hand. 

Still may thy blessing rest. 

Father most Holy. 

Over each mountain, rock, river and shore; 

Sing Hallelujah I 

Shout in Hosannas ! 

God keep our covuitry 

Free evermore. 



28 



Mayor Low, who was received with applause 
and three cheers, and who spoke as follows : 

Mr. Mayor and citizens of Rochester:- -I wish to 
cordiallythank you for the kind invitation you ex- 
tended me to be present on tliis occasion, and the 
hearty welcome I have met. I think it is highly 
proper that, at a time like tliis, the city of Brook- 
lyn should send Rochester a congratulatory mes- 
sage, as very few of you probably realize how near 
these two cities came to being twin sisters, for 
Brooklyn received her charter from the same leg- 
islature as did Rochester, only the former's was se- 
cured April 8, 1834, while yours was received in the 
June following. This difference in the age of the 
two cities, you can easily observe by looking at the 
two present Mayors, as Brooklyn, you will see, is 
somewhat stricken in years. The government of 
Brooklyn has not adopted any resolutions regarding 
your celebration, but the 650,000 inhabitants of that 
city through me extend their hearty congratulations 
and wish you .joy in your celebration and prosper- 
ity in all yoiu" futm-e history. 

Mayor Smith, who was also received in a 
most hearty manner, addressed the audience as 
follows: 

Mr. Chairman, Ladies and Gentlemen: I am here 
to-day out of compliance with an invitation extend- 
ed me some time since to attend your semi-centen- 
nial celebration as a city. Though older perhaps 
in years than my associate Mayors here, I am nev- 
ertheless young in the capacity of Mayor, though 
allow me to state that I am Mayor of a city which 
last year celebrated her 2(X)th anniversary as a city. 
But I claim the superiority here in age, and shall, 
therefore, take charge of these two younger May- 
ors, and I promise you that during the next two 
days Brooklyn and Rochester shall behave better 
than ever before. I am here in the simple capacity 
of a friendly visitor, and trust that celebrations like 
this will serve to make a stronger bond of sympa- 
thy and friendly feeling between the various cities 
of the United States. I can assure you that Phila- 
delphians send you greeting, and we all wish you a 
hearty God-speed, and wish you greater success, if 
possible, in the futiu'e than in the past. 

The audience next joined in the singing of 
the national hynm, •' America," with band ac- 
companiment, and was finally dismissed with a 
benediction pronounced by Rev. Dr. H. C. 
Riggs. 



The Fire Works. 



It was estimated that when the display of 
fireworks begun, at the Driving Park, on 
Monday evening at 8:15 o'clock, there were 
between 25,000 and 30,000 people on the 
grounds. The temperature had suddenly 
been reduced during the day from S'2 to 50 
degrees, and with a cutting north-east wind 
blowing in from Lake ( Intario, the experience 
of those present was a novel one for this 
season of the jear. Those who brought their 
overcoats and wraps were in luck, although 
even with these cold-weather comforts there 
was much suffering. Umbrellas, brought for 
use in the event of rain, were freely used to 
ward off the cold. The Brush Electric Light 
Comp.iny had provided a number of lamps 
to light up the gloom before the programme 
was commenced and after it was concluded. 
The admission to the park was free, and 
seats in the grand stand were reserved for 
children accompanied by their parents and 



friends. The Fifty-Fourth Regiment Baud 
rendered tbe following musical programme 
during the evening, besides playing "Auld 
Lang Syne" when Mayor Child's portrait was 
given, and " For He's a Jolly Good Fellow" 
as soon as Mayor Parsons' finely defined 
physiognomy appeared drawn with lines of 
fire : 

1. Grand March. 

2. Overture. Jolly Fellows Stippe. 

3. Selection. Beggar Student, Millocker. 

4. Waltz. My Queen, Farbcwh. 

5. Trombone Solo. Sig. Mellina Swartz. 

6. Cavalry Camp Serenade Downing. 

7. Reveille, Swartz. 

8. Barn Yard Galop, Downing. 

The display, under the personal supervision 
of James Palmer's sous, consisted of the fol- 
lowing pieces : 



No. 
No. 



No. 



No. 



No. 



No. 

No. 

No. 



1. — Salute of fifty aerial maroons. 

2.— Illumination of park and building by 100 

large colored illuminations. 
3. — Ascension of two firework baloons, one 
nine feet in height, symbolical of Rochester 
in 1834, one twenty-four feet in height, of 
Rochester in 18S4, bearing a brilliant mag- 
nesium light and carrying fireworks of many 
colors. 

No. 4.—" Welcome to Our City's Guests," ter- 
minating with colored rosettes and colored 
flres. 
5.— Jewel Cloud, produced by a simultaneous 
discharge of one dozen six-inch .shells con- 
taining stars of every color. 
6. — Ascent of one dozen parachute rockets, 
which while floating in mid-air continually 
change color. 
7.— Flight of fiery pigeons to and fro from their 

cots. 
S. — Battery of saucissions. 

9. — Discharge of four asteroid shells, each lib- 
erating six parachutes. 

No. 10— Fire portrait, 15x25, "Our First Mayor, 
Jonathan Child," ending with a batteiy 
finish. 

No. 11 -Grand display of twenty shells. 

No. 12 — Ascent of twenty-four four pound rock- 
ets, with combination colors. 

No. 13— Flight of one dozen " Devils among the 
tailors." 

No. 14— Large revolving device. 

No. 15 — Simultaneous display of 1(X) rockets. 

No. l(i— Discharge of eight-inch shells. 

No. 17 — Flight of one dozen twin asteroids. 

No. 18— Bouquet of 200 rockets. 

No. 19— Fire portrait, 15x25 feet, " Our Present 
Mayor, Hon. C. R. Pai-sons." 

No. 20— Spangle cloud, produced by the simulta- 
neous discharge of thirty large shells. 

No. 21— Flight of 100 colored rockets. 

No. 22 — Grand contra, quadruple, revolving wheel, 
sixteen feet in diameter, in four mutations. 

No. 23— Discharge of eight parachute shells, each 
liberating six parachutes. 

No. 24— Grand battery of saucissions. 

No. 25— Discharge of 200 large rockets. 

No. 20— Polka fantasia. 

No. 27 — Golden cloud, (produced by the simultaneous 
discharge of twenty shells. 

No. 28— Grand bouquet of 5IK) rockets, covering an 
arch in space, with variegated gems. 

No. 29 — Three ring performance. 

No. 30— Grand salvo of shells in rapid succession; 
twelve 3>ij inch shells, twelve A}4 inch 
shells, twelve 6 inch shells, twelve 8 inch 
shells. 

No. 31— Grand finale, 40x100 feet, emblematic of the 
prosperity of Rochester, consisting of a 
large locomotive and tender, coach and 
freight car, loaded with general merchan- 



29 



dise. Underneath and stretching along the 
whole piece were the words " Our City's 
I'msperity;" Haiikiug the central piece were 
words "Klmir City, 1S;«, .Tune 9, 18SJ," 
both inclosed in ovals of golilen lace work, 
with columns of brilliant fire, surniouuted 
by the American flag, terminating with the 
grand Genesee cascade of silver fire. 

No. 32— Discharge of 1,000 rockets, producing a 
magnificent aerial boucjuet. 

No. 33— Grand feu de joie. 



Tuesday's Festivities. 



Tuesday, the second and greatest day of the 
celebration, was ushered in with leaden skies 
and promise of rain. The air was chilly, there 
was a cold north-east wind, and the streets were 
in muddy condition. Despite this, hovvevei-, 
every train entering the city brought hundreds 
of people, and by noon the streets were filled to 
overflowing. Business was done only in the 
morning, every industry ceasing at noon. Tlie 
afteruoon newspapers issued l)ut one edition. 
All the morning military and civic bodies par- 
aded the streets, escorting visiting organiza- 
tions fnjui the trains, and preparing for the 
afternoon parade. At several different times 
dunng the day a light rain fell, but it in no way 
marred the pleasuie of the day. 

THE governor's RECEPTION. 

At 9:30 o'clock in the morning distinguished 
guests from New York and Albany', ari'ived in 
a special car at the Central station and were 
received by Mayor I'arsons and members of the 
reception committee. The party consisted of 
Governor Grover Cleveland and the follov\ ing 
staff officers: (4eneral A. Lathrop, (renerai 
J. G. Farusworth, Adjutant General; General 
D. D. Bryant, General Charles E. Robbius, 
General B. C. Rich, Inspector General Phillip 
Briggs, Colonel Chas. Utley, Colonel Wm. R. 
Cassidy, Colonel Rol)ert Townsend ; Mayor 
Franklin Edsou, of New York, and his private 
secretary, Win. E. Lucas. The military escort 
was under conunand of Marshal F. A. Scho- 
effel, and consisted of a detachment of police in 
charge of Lieutenant Davis, the 54th Regiment 
band, Captain Henderson's Stli separate com- 
pany. Powers" Rifles with drill corps, Lincoln 
Guards with Lincoln band, Greenieaf. Guards 
and Flower City Zouaves. These organizations 
were drawn up in line in front of the depot and 
stood at present arms while the Goveruoi- en- 
tered the leading carriage, which was drawn 
by foiu- horses. The party was driven to the 
Powers Hotel, where Mayor Paisons formally 
waslcomed the Governor in the following words : 

Governor Cleveland :— The city of Rochester 
has completed the fiftieth year of its existence, and 
the opening day of a second half century most au- 
spiciously begins. The futiu-e is full of bright 
promise, and to oiu- people the occasion is one of 
great interest. Two years ago it was my pleasui-e 
to accept an invitation from the citizens of Buffalo 
to participate with them in the celebration of their 
city's semi-centennial anniversary. At that time 
you were its honored chief magistrate. I well re- 
member the enthusiasm that everywhere prevailed 
and the just cause your people had for rejoicing. 
Since then you have been called to a higher field of 
action. But we know that you have not lost your 
interest in municipal affairs. Under all these cir- 
cumstances it is most fitting, and to us cause of 



gratification also, that you should he present to-day 
and ])articipate with us in oiu* festivities. The 
event is ftiost notable. To have as our gue.st the 
distinguished Governor of the Empire State, and 
the chief magistrates vf the three greatest cities of 
the Union— the peerless Metropolis, and the cities of 
Brotherly Love and of Churches, and a score of 
others i-epreseutiiig many of the prominent places 
of the United States and of the neighboring and 
friendly province of ( >ntario, over who.se subjects 
the good Queen Victoria holds her sovereign sway, 
makes this a notable event. 

But I will not detain you. To you and to all let 
me say, accept the thanks of this grateful conunu- 
nity, "who so thoroughly appreciate this visit and in 
whose behalf 1 repeat welcome, thrice welcome to 
Rochester. 

Governor Cleveland responded as follows: 

Mayor,— I thank you for the pleasure you have 
given me liy this cordial welcome. It recalls to my 
nuiid the days when 1 was connected witli muni- 
cii)al government, which T shall never forget. No 
offices are more honoral)le or greater. The pros- 
perity of the cities I hold to be an earnest of the 
prosperity of the state. Tt is well for the citizens of 
Rocliester to celebrate this day. It can have but 
one effect, that is to create a greater interest in the 
institutions and welfare of every city and to insijire 
all your citizens to an earnest determination to do 
•all in their power to increase the prosperity and in- 
fluence of Rochester. Again 1 am glad to tiiank 
you, i^lr. Mayor, and aU the citizens of this city, for 
the welcome here extended. 

At the dinner soon after the arrival of the 
guests, Mayor Edson of New York was called 
upon. In response he said: 

Mr. Mayor and gentlemen of Rochester— On be- 
half of the citizens of New York it gives me great 
pleasure to acknowledge the hearty greetmg ex- 
tended here to me as their representative. 1 cou- 
giatulate the city on her arrival at the middle point 
of her life. Pei'liaps I auj w rong in saying the mid- 
dle i)oint for it is proliable that your city is now only 
in its infancy, and it will continue to grow and pros- 
per for nuiny years to come. I can well remember 
the first time 1 came to Rochester. The city ci^uld 
then almost be sin-veyed from the platform of the 
car, but to-day it extends on every side far beyond 
the range of vision. It has become the (lueeu of 
the twenty-five cities of the state of New York. Al- 
low me again, gentlemen, to tliank you for the cor- 
ilial greeting extended to the city of New Y'ork. 

THE PARADE. 

The jjarade, the crowning event of the day, 
showing the wealth of the city in civic, mili- 
tary, fire and other oi'ganizations and business 
industries, was witnessed liy thousands of peo- 
ple who had assembled on both sides of the line of 
march. Desirable windows sold at a high price, 
and all available lamp posts and electric light 
poles were occupied by the small boy. Fifty 
special policemen were sworn in to keep order 
during the parade. One hundred and eighty 
organizations had been invited to participate, 
and all with the exception of the Masonic bod- 
ies and two or three others responded. The 
head of the processioti started from the Liberty 
pole on Main street shortly before three o'clock, 
passing through the following streets: Main to 
North Clinton, Franklin, Central avenue to 
State, Church, Sophia to Allen, through p]liza- 
beth to West Main, passing in review before 
Governor Cleveland and other officials at the 
Court House, continuing through Main and 
East avenue to Meigs street, to Monroe avenue, 
to N(^w York State Arsenal, where the column 
was dismissed. 

As the procession passed through Church 
street, the Governor was cheered by the schol - 



30 



ai-s of the public schools, numbering 6,000 
massed on that street in charge of their teach- 
ers, and under the command of Marshal P. M. 
Thrasher. The quotas furnished by the differ- 
ent schools were: 

Rochester Free Academy, 150 pupils, Professor Z. 
P. Taylor, commanding: No. 1, 100 pupils, C. E. 
Pugh, commanding : No. 2, 300 pupils, E. A. C. 
Hayes, commanding; No. 3. 300 pupils, James M. 
Cook, commanding; No. 4, 400 pupils. S. C. Pierce, 
commanding; No. 5, 300 pupils, N. C. Parshall, com- 
manding; No. 6, 540 pupils, J. L. Townsend, com- 
manding; No. 7, aOO pupils, A. M. Lowry, com- 
manding; No. 8. 80 pupils, L. M. Daniels, command- 
ing; No. 9, 350 pupils, L. R. Sexton, commanding; 
No. 10. 3.50 pupils, V. M. Colvin, commanding; No. 
11. 2:M pupils, M. A. Hayden, commanding; No. 12. 
:j!)0 pupils, W. H. Bosworth, commanding; No. 13, 
.300 pupils, A. G. Knapp, conunanding; No. 14, 400 
pupils, ,1. G. Allen, commanding; No. 15, 560 pupils, 
J. W. O.sborn, commanding; No. 16, 300 pupils, L. 
A. McGonegal. commanding; No. 17, 400 pupils, G. 
H. Waldon, commanding: No. 18, ,500 pupils, S. Shel- 
don, commanding; No. HI, 1.50 pupils, M. E. West- 
fall, conunanding; No. 20, .300 pupils, D. Curtice, 
commanding; No. 31, 100 pupils, E. A. Kirvin, com- 
manding; No. 22, 120 pupils, S. A. Havill, command- 
ing; No; 23, 135 pupils, E. A. Jewett, commanding; 
No. 24, 175 pupils, N. F. Cornell, commanding; No. 
25, 80 pupils, Z. M. Brown, conunanding: No. 26, 300 
pupils, E. L. Carter, conunanding; No. 27, 250 pupils, 
J. Utley, commanding. 

Upon arriving at the grand stand in front of 
the Court House the Grovernor and staff. Mayor 
Parsons and the guests from abroad who head- 
ed the parade, took seats, where they reviewed 
the procession. Among the guests were ex- 
Mayor Booth, of Brooklyn, Mayor Flood, of 
Elmira, and Mayor Wheeler, of Auburn. It 
was over four miles long, taking two hours and 
five minutes to pass the grand stand and was 
composed of the following organizations : 

FIRST DIVISION. 

Escort— Detachment mounted police, Captain 

William Keith, commanding; 12 men. 
Police on foot, Captain -J. P. Cleary, command- 
ing; 54 men. 
General J. A. Koynolds, chief marshal ; S. C. 
Pierce, adjutant-general and chief of 
staff; Charles S. Williams, assist- 
ant adjutant-general. 

Aids— General W. H. Benjamin,* Theron E. Par- 
sons, H. S. Greenleat, William Emerson, Fred- 
erick C )ok. H L. Achilles, Henry Brinker, 
C. H. Babcock. W. F. Brown. Maurice Ley- 
den, H. B. Hathaway, A. H. Bruman, Geo. 
J. Oaks,* Dr. B. L. Hovey, J. W. Casey, 
E. T. Curtis, J. A. Adlington, George 
W. Elliott,* Horace L. Brewster, J. 
W. Rosenthal, H. H. Pyott, .1. W. 
Hannan,* Henry L. Lemport.lR. 
H. Schooley, -T. E. Morey, jr.;* 
Col. F. Miller, I. D. Mar- 
shall,' Dr. R. H. Curran, 
Walter B. Duffy,* D. 
S. Barber. 
General John H. McMahon. marshal. 

Aids— H. S. Greenleaf. chief of staff; A. L. Mab- 
bett, adjutant-general; I. F. Quinby, rjuartor- 
master; I..ouis Ernst,t engineer: F. B. 
Hutchinson, commissary; J. A. P. Wal- 
ters, ordnance officer; W. H. Ben- 
jamin, paymaster; R. H. Schoo- 
ley, judge advocate; B. L. Hov- 
ey, t surgeon ; L. T. Foote, 
chaplain; .John Cawthra, 
mustering officer; Myron 
Adams, signal officer. 



Aides-de-camp— T. E. Parsons,! S. P. Williams, Dr. 
J. W. Casey, t Daniel Schout, Dr. E. W. Earle, 
M. Shannon, Alfred Elwood, Charles Gert- 
ner, W. G. Martens, t Dr. F. Wayland 
Brown, Law S. Gibson, t Anthony 
Walter, James Gosncll.AVilliam 
Keith, t James Plunkett. Joliu 
Johnsf)n, James O'Neil, 
Dr. O'Neil, Dr. Richard 
Curran, t John Rusch.t 
A. G. Newton, Al- 
bert Strong, W. 
H. Clague. 
54th Regiment band. 
Old 13th New York volunteers. Colonel F. A. 

Scliooffel commanding, twnnty-four men. 
8th New York cavalry, (;a.pt. William H. Stickle- 

raeyer, commanding; 44 nicui. 
Battery L, 1st New York light artillery, George S. 

Burke, commaiiding; 15 men. 

Sons of Veterans, camp number 6, Colonel C. A. 

Glidden, commanding; 30 men. 

Tony Walter's Martial Band. 

O'Rourko post, number 1, G. A. R., Egbert Hoeks- 

tra, P. C, commanding; 105 men. 
Pelssner post, number 106, O. A. R., Jacob Augus- 
tine, P. C, commanding; 48 men, 
E. G. Marshall post, number 303, G. A. R., J. E. 
Austin, senior vice-ccmmandor, command- 
ing; 50 men. 
8th Separate company, N. G., S. N. Y., Cai)taln H. 
B. Henderson, commanding; 64 men. 

* Appointed, but did not serve. 

t Appointed, but served on other staffs. 

SECOND DIVISION. 

Major I. F. Force, marshal. 

Aids— Captain James Hutchinson, Major C. H. 

Yost, W. G. Martens, W. F. Kolmetz, Dr. 

H. F. Williams, F. W. Hawley, 

G. R. McChesnoy. William Sackett. 

Lincoln Band. 

Rochester Cadets and thuir guests, the Buffalo 

City Cadet corps; 58 men. 

Greenleaf Guards; .38 men. 

Lincoln Guards; ;32 men. 

Emmet Guards ; 22 men. 

Independent Martial Band. 

Powers Rifles; 32 men. 

Florence Cadet cori>s; 33 men. 

Flower City Zouaves; 38 men. 

THIRD DIVISION. 

Colonel S. S. Eddyi marshal. 

Aids— J. M. Leonard, J.W. Stebbins, Miles Upton* 

Benjamin Haag, George H. Harris,* Frank 

W. Page, James B. Cady, H. M. 

Webb, S. D. Richardson, 

J. E. Lovecraft.* 

Palmyra Cornet Band. 

Mount Hope encampment, number 2, L O. O. F. ; 

25 men. 

Genesee lodge, number 3; 22 men. 

Teoronto lodge, number 8; .50 men. 

Rochester City lodge, nnmbcr 66; 53 men. 

Humboldt lodge, number 138. 

Orient lodge, number 273; 20 men. • 

Floral lodge, number 281; 40 men. 

John G. Klinck lodge, number 378; 43 men. 

Temple lodge, number 412; 30 men. 

Aurora lodge, number 429; 40 men. 

FOTfRTH DIVISION. 

Colonel J. J. Schuolor, marshal. 

Sutton's Naples band. 

Aids— J. K. Burke, Patrick Cooper, John Ra"ber, 

Cooper Fromm. < harles Siebert, John P. Smith, 

Johu J. A. Burke, M. I)., John Hilbert, 

Charles A. Armbruster, Timothy 

Casey, Leo Sander 

Aides-de-Camp— P. X. Foery, William Huddy, 

Michael Ehrstein. 



31 



Roman Catholic TJniformdd union; 40 mon. 
St. Mauritius ftermaiii Catholic union, .Joh(|[)1i 

Hea.sliiit,'er, comniandi^r; 61 men. 
Knights of St. Goorgo, M. Kolb, commander; 80 

men. 
St. Leopold union, George Foehuer, commander; 

29 men. 

Knights of St. Eustace, A. C. Harold, commander; 

28 men. 
St. Boniface German Catholic union, A. Pappert, 

commander; 30 men. 
SS. Peter and Paul's union, H. J. Forster, com- 
mander; 24 men. 
Knights of St. Louis, J. Martin, commander; 26 

men. 
Knights of St. Patrick, Thomas Pearco, com- 
mander; 20 men. 
Knights of St. John, Geo. Trott, Commander, 

30 men. 

Knights of St. Michael, L. Weingaertner, Com- 
mander, 20 men. 
Leopold cornet band. 
Knights of St. James, Charles Stupp, commander; 

22 men. 
C. M. B. A., branch 12, John Tralnor, commander; 

50 men. 
St. John the Baptist Benevolent society; 22 men. 

FIFTH DIVISION. 

Colonel Louis Ernst, marshal. 

Aids— Joseph Erbelding, George Engert, Jacob 

Gerllng, William Wagner, John Stauden- 

melcr, Robert Stlerle, Jacob Aebersold, 

J. W. Masser, Charles Englert, 

Albert Schoen, Otto C. Popp, 

Christian Mannert. 

John Bohrer. 

Walworth band. 

Blucher lodge ; 30 men. 

Knights of Calvin; 41 men. 

Maeunerchor; 24 men. 

Arlon society; 24 men. 

Liedertafel; 20 men. 

Liederkranz ; 40 men. 

Turn-Vereln ; 29 men. 

Harugari lodge ; 20 men. 

Black hussars ; 21 men. 

Swiss society: 42 men. 

Swabian society ; 17 men. 

Gideon society ; 38 men. 



SIXTH DIVISION. 

Walter E. Lock, grand commander, S. K., 

A. O. U. W.. marshal. 

Aids— C. P. Howard, William Dyer, Frank H. Otto, 

G. H. Hatch, A. J.Caulkin, M. Sehoenberg,* 

Alexanders. Crook." 

Genesee Falls lodge; 57 men. 

Lamberton Legion, 10, S. K. A. O. V. W. ; 41 men. 

Albion-Holley Band. 

.\nierli'us lodge; 25 men. 

R. E. U. P. Temple number 1, Patriarchal CMiTle; 

48 men. 
Members of A. O. U. W. In a body. 50 men, com- 
manded by A. P. Leggeit. 

SEVENTH DIVISION. 

Colonel J. S. Graham, marshal. 
Colonel W. W. Robacher, assistant adjutant-gen- 
eral. 
Aids— G. G. McPhersou, Hugh Hamilton, J. H. 
Putnam, H. B. Raymond, Pomoroy Dickinson, 
W. E. Werner, Frederick Frlck, W. A. Botts- 
tord, Ciiarles Thomas, M. J. Lynn, J. 
W. Carruthers, E. G. Gould, Jacob 
J. Young, W. J. Burke, John 
F. McGratli. 
Scottish pipers. (5. 
Scottish Society; 75 men. 
Rocliester City l)and. 
Commercial Travelers; 165 men. 
Lay's silver cornet band (full-blooded Indians). 



Union cadets; 20. 

Locomollvo Engineers; 35 men. 

y. C. and H. R. R. R. Freight Handlers; 175 

men. 

Central Sporting club; 40 men. 

Ninth Ward Democratic club; 150 men. 



EIGHTH DIVISION. 

Hume H. Cale, marshal. 

Aids— Henry Hlmmelsbach, W. J. Wlnfield, James 

Butler, James Malley, Richard Harrlgan, 

Edwai'd Keneally. 

Iron Molders' union; 150 men. 

Brockport band. 

Local Shoemacker's assembly, 1478 ; 200 men. 

Clgarmakers" union, number 5; 175 men. 

Typographical union. No. 15. 

Lima band. 

Coopers' assembly, 1742; 150 mon. 

Bricklayers', Plasterers' and Stonemasons' union ; 

400 men. 

Union cornet band. 

NINTH DIVISION. 

Captain F. M. Thrasher, marshal. 
Aids— Members of the board of education, as fol- 
lows : J. E. Durand, James O. Howard, Thomas 
McMillan, H. A. Kingsley, Charles S. Cook, 
Milton Noyes, William J. McKelvey, 
Charles S. Ellis, Henry Klein- 
dienst, Thomas H. Maguire, 
Frederick C. Loebs, Au- 
gust Kimmel, J. P. 
Rickard, Prank H.Vick. 
LoRoy (rornet band. 
Major Daniel A. Sharpe, marshal. 
Saxton Band. 
Bicycle Clubs ; 50 men. 
Voters of 1834 in carriages. 



TENTH DIVISION. 

Major Daniel A. Sharpe, marshal 

Sexton Band. 

Bicycle Clubs; 50 mn. 

Voters of 1834, in carriages 



ELEVENTH DIVISION. 

Chief Engineer Law S. Gibson, marshal. 

Aids, assistant chiefs, Malcomb and Bemlsh. 

Fairport Band. 

Exempts; 40 men. 

Alert hose company, number 1 ; 45 men. 

Hook and Ladder company, number 1 ; 9 men. 

Extinguisher company, number 1; 4 men. 

Hose comjiany, nunil)er 1 ; 5 men. 

Hose com|)any, numt)er 2; 5 men. 

Hook and Ladder comjiany, number 2; 9 men. 

Marion Band 

Protective company, number 1 ; 40 men. 

Active hose company, numlier 2; 27 men. 

Hose coniiiany, number 3; 6 men. 

Hos(M'ompany, number 4; 6 men. 

Hosl^ <-ompany, numlier 5; 5 men. 

Hook and Ladder company, number 3; 7 men. 



TWELFTH DIVISION. 

Captain Gilbert H. Reynolds, marshal. 
.■\ids: T. A. Itaymond, I'liiliii Scliaad, Fred. 
C. Lauer, Jr., William Bartliolomay, E. 
A. Loder, J. G. Kramer, B. F. Enos, Ed. 
Rossney, M. J. McMalion, Oscar E. Hayden, 
William H. Jones. N.Palmtu'.Warren Buck- 
land, H. li. Achilles, M. Heavey, Rowland 
Roe, Thomas (Campbell, Samuel Fra- 
zer, John Kane, A. G. Wi'igbt, 
Thomas Duffy, J. Holla- 
han, S. F. Crossman, 
Aid. J. H. Foley. 

Seneca National Band. (Pull blooded Indians ) 



32 



THE INDUSTRIAL EXHIBIT. 

Following are some of the most notable ex- 
hibits, by the business men, in the procession: 
W. S. Kimball & Co. : 

1. Horse with liogshead on wheels. Illustrating 
the manner in which Leaf Tobacco was brought to 
market fifty years ago in Virginia. 2. Horse and 
two-wheel cart. Illustrating the manner Planters 
transport Leaf Tobacco to tlie interior markets at 
the present time. 3. Donkey following, with the 
choicest Tobacco in bundles, on its baclt; usually in 
small quantities. 4. Yoke of Oxen, and Planter's 
wagon; mode of carrying Leaf Tobacco to the 
" loose leaf markets" of the South at the present 
day. Sometimes a mule and an ox are hitched to- 
gether; sometimes a fine span of horses. 5. Two 
horse wagon w.th hogsheads of Leaf; as shipped 
from Louisville, Cincinnati, Richmond and other 
large Leaf Markets. 6. One-horse cart, as used at 
the beginning of their business, to transport their 
manufactures from factory to railroad and canal. 
This cart was built in the year 183'J, and has been in 
the possession of its owner, Mr. John Burger, ever 
since. The driver began carting in the same year, 
and has continued at the business forty -five years in 
this city. The two-horse delivery wagons as now 
used by them, showing growth of their business 
diu-ing the past twenty years. 

Culross Bakery, three wagons, handsomely decor- 
ated; William Heine, two Vienna baker wagons, 
decorated with flags and bunting; Fleckenstein 
Bros., general bakery exhibit, three decuratt-d 
wagons; E. B. Kimball, six bakery wagons trimmed 
with evergreens and floweis, one wagon loaded with 
samples of bread, crackers, biscuit, cake, etc.; 
Perry's pies, five wagons decorated with bunting, 
on first wagon small pie plate with 1834 and large 
plate with 1884 in black letters on sides; Howe's 
bakery. This establishment had the first place, as 
it was established in 1814. Ii was in charge ot Rob- 
ert Baker and Joseph Ross, who iiave been with the 
firm for over thirty-five years. J. Eckhardt, dried 
beef, one wagon trimmed with flags; Mooi'e & Cole, 
one wagon filled with groceries; Brewster, Gordon 
& Co., the first groc ry store of Rochester, was 
represented, presenting a unique appearance, three 
wagons; Union Pacific Tea Co., teas, coffees 
and spices, one wagon; B. F. Martin, 
teas, co/fees and spices, one wagon; 
White Swan soap, one w agon loaded with samples ; 
G. C. Buell & Co., one four-horse wagon loaded with 
boxes of different kinds of groceries: H. Brewster 
& Co.. two wagons loaded with groceries, wagons 
draped; C. L. Jones Co., Tulip soap, one wagon; D. 
Deavenport, grocer, one wagon; H. L. Brewster, 
gr.icer, three wagons draped, one driven tandem; 
Brewster, Crittenden & Co., four wagons loaded 
with barrels of sugar and boxes of groceries, 
wagons draped vvith bimting. two four-horse teams; 
Smith, Perkins & Co., one four-hor.se wagon 
trimmed with flowers and evergreens, d< sign 18:ifj- 
1884 in colored berries, wagon filled with gi'oceries; 
Kramer's flour works, one wagon loaded with Hour 
and decorated with Hags; T. & (i. Heberling, oue 
wagon loaded with flour and feed. 

William Deering & Vo.. self-binders; this ma- 
chine hound grain ivgularly all through the proces- 
sion, eliciting admiration at its perfect work; two 
wagons; Kelly, Godley & Co., flour and grain 
wagon, decorated with flags; C. C. Meyer it Son, 
four horses, drawing large log with circulai' .saw in 
operation; Hiram Sibley & Co., agricultural inq)le- 
ments, two wagons handsomely decorated; Oliver 
Chilled Plow Company, one wagon, with a large 
display of plows; J. H. Thomas it Sons, of Spring- 
field, O., sample hay-tedder exhibited; Gonlon & 
De Garmo, a mowing machine handsomely deco- 
rated with flags and bunting; Fi'ick & Co., an 
Eclipse traction engine, ili'awing threshing machine 
and fanning mill. 

Chase Bros., one wagon filled with seeds, and 
hanilsomely decorated; Crosman Bros., five 
wagons, exhibiting flowt^ring plants, vegetables, 
flower and vegetable seeds; wagons decorated with 



flags and bunting; one wagon with three horses; 
John B. Keller, one wagon containing a star of 
coleus; James Vick, five wagons containing seeds, 
flowers, packages of seeds for mailing, and an imi- 
tation green-house filled with plants ; also a wagon 
filled with agricultural implements: Design: Flour 
City, 18'34— Flower City, " 1884— on canvas; Hiram 
Sibley & Co., two wagons containing boxes of seeds 
and display of gardening impleiaents; Salter Bros., 
one wagoii filled with floral designs of wheels, bas- 
kets, horse shoes, etc. ; Theodore F. Aldrich, 
fruits, five wagons decorated; George Hamlin, 
flowers, one wagon decorated. Curtice Bros., one 
four-horse wagon loaded with canned goods ar- 
ranged in form of pyramid. 

R. D. Kellogg, original Peerless tobacco, one 
wagon ; E. A. Baker, Richfield cigars, one wagon, 
handsomely decorated; Seneca Chief Cigar Co., one 
wagon, with Seneca chief in full Indian costume; 
Cleveland, Biehler & Brewster, various kinds of to- 
bacco, decorated with flags, three wagons; S. F. 
Hess & Co , plug and fine cut tobacco and seal skin 
cigars, three wagons. This firm distributed tobacco 
along the line of march; McKelvey Bros., cigars, 
one wagon leprcsenting pyramid oi cigar boxes. 

Farley & Hoffman, show cases, decorated with 
fiags, one wagon; Bailey & Co., two wagons, deco- 
rated, showing process of carpet cleaning and 
machinery at work; Henry Likly & Co.. three 
wagons Containing different styles of trunks, each 
in form of pyramid, design, established in 1844, on 
wagons painted on canvas; Minges & Shale, furni- 
ture, three wagons draped with bunting; M M 
Myers, one wagon with set of marble-top furniture: 
Ritter Bros., furniture manufacturers, one wagon ; 
Henry Schantz. general furniture, one wagon; 
Copeland, Hall & Co., extension tables exclu.sively, 
one wai<on, decorated with flags and bunting; John 
Koomer, showing pieces of upholstering, one wagon ■ 
F. Sehwikert, handsome display of billiard tables, 
one wagon; C. J. Hayden & Co., display of furni- 
ture, two wagons, decorated with flags and bunting; 
Dewey & Co., various designs of furniture, two 
wagons; Bennett& Schaffner, furniture, one wagon ; 
Mackie & Co., two wagons decorated with flags and 
bunting, first one containing uprigiit piano and 
melodeons and musiciau playing on piano, display 
of instruments, music, etc , horses led by groom; 
Batterson's carpet cleaner, one wagon, trimmed 
with flags. 

A grand float of the brewing conpanies. Roch- 
ester Brewing Company. 

Enright's ale and porter, one wagon, handsomely 
trimmed; Warren's brewery, four wagons loaded 
with beer kegs, decorated with flags; Joseph Nunn, 
brewer, one wagon decorated containing exhibits 
of ale and beer in kegs; Patrick Enright, brewery, 
one wagon loaded with barrels of beer; Fee Broth- 
ers, distillers, three wagons containing samples of 
liquors, wines, etc., wagons decorated with flags. 

K Steiiifeld, one wagon decorated with bunting 
and flags, containing samples of cloth, ready made 
elotliing and goods in all stages of preparation; M. 
Garsoii, clothing, one wagon decorated with flags. 

Nfcoll & Co., representing New Home sewing 
machine, four wagons decorated with flags and 
evergreens, one driven tandem; White sewing ma- 
chme, eight wagons, each containing a banner, 
horses with white ))lankets on them; Singer Sewing 
Machine (_lompany, twentysi.x wagons, handsomely 
decorated — this .establishment is over thirty years 
old— one machine shown is thirty years old; Davis' 
sewing machine, one wagon decorated with flngs. 

American Express Company, three double and 
six single wagons, decoratefl with flatjs: National 
Express Company, four wagons draped with flags 
and trimmed with bunting, containing packages,' 
boxes and trunks; United States Express Com- 
pany, si.x wagons loaded with packages, boxes and 
trunks and drape(\ with flags. 

J. S. (iraham & Co., general machinery, one 
wagon; Conuell & Dengler, machinery, one wagon; 
Roclu^ster Machine and Tool Works, a huge iron 
planer, one wagon; Mosler, Bowen & Co., handsome 




MAP OF THE VILLAGE OP ROCHESTER, 1814. 



35 



display of saffs in one wa^on; Weaver. Goss & Co., 
display of hai-d\vare and apple parer. thret- waKons: 
Foster & Hennegran, one waeron with .samples of 
pliiti)her\s goods; Eureka Steam Heatiiig Company, 
one wagon, draped with tlags. containing sami>les 
of radiators and steam heating boiler; Steam (iaiige 
and Lantern Company draped wagon with pyramid 
of street lamps, hand lanterns, etc., sunnouDted by 
a row of locomotive head-lights. Rochester Car 
Wheel Conij)any. one wagon containing car wheels 
and san)ples of iron; W.H. Mills, one wagon with 
samples of iron fence work; Bam oer c^' Williams, 
stoves, ranges and furnaces, two wagfms; F. Tully. 
stoves and ranges, one wagon; H. Lester, gen- 
eral display of stoves in one wagon; G. W. & 
C. T. Crouch & Sons, one four-horse 
wagon containing log and circular saw, 
design 1834 - 1884 in colored bimting; R. 
Kirkpatrick, one wa^on containing stoves: Co- 
operative '''oundry Co., two wagons loaded with 
various styles of stoves, ranges, etc. : John Snow, 
wire and lime, several wagons, first containing 
])arty <if workmen with '■ Snow's Wire Pullers " on 
sides in black letters. One containing a minature 
lime kiln in operation, and the balance loaded w-ilh 
lime and wire goods; J. Hilbert & Son, one four 
horse truck, loaded with boxes of merchandise, 
showing the capacity of the truck and the amount 
of weignt carried ; W T. Fabling, one wagon, show- 
ing design of carpenter shop with carpenters at 
work; .James Laney & Co.. and Odenbach & Shale, 
general display of campaign goods, torches and 
caps, decorated with flags, one wagon ; I. S. Dis- 
brow, wooden boxes, one wagon, hand«omely 
trimmed with flags; Rochester Wheel Company, 
large display of wheels, handsomely decorated with 
flags, one wagon ; Rochester Paper Company, two 
three horse wagons representing their business, and 
trimmed with flags. 

Woodbury, Morse & Co., one wagon covered with 
signs representing paints and colors; M Tobin & 
Co., city glaziers, one wagon rej)resenting gla,ss fit- 
ting; William Green, paints and colors, one wagon; 
Millington & Co., one wagon decorated with signs 
and banners, and containing sign painters at work; 
Luitwieler & Co., one wagon with samples of paints, 
oils and glass; C. William.son, paints, oils, etc., ex- 
hibited one wagon; Clague, Wegman, Schlicht & 
Co.. one wagon containing samples of printers" 
goods, also paoer stock, inks, filing cases, etc.— 
wagon draped with bunting; T. T. Swinburne & Co., 
one wagon containing members of firm in costvime, 
representing Gutenberg and Faust, the inventors of 
printing, with a devil behind. George F. Flannery, 
one wagon decorated with flags, containing print- 
ing press in operation, striking off papers and sam- 
ples of printers' supplies. 

Spring Fountain Ice Company, three wagons, 
decorated with flags; Consiuners' Ice Company, 
one wagon, handsomely decorated; Koiidolf's Hem- 
lock water ice, six wagons trimmed with flags 

HoUister & Co., hand.somely decorated display of 
lumber, bearing inscription '"' E.stabli.shed in 1836," 
one wagon; Barry's wood .yard, one wagon, deco- 
rated with flags; A. (i. Yates, coal, fifteen wagons. 4 
four horse; H. H. Babcock, coal, one wagon; M. 
Brayer & Son. coal, one wagon containing "coal" 
in white roses on floral background: Doyle. Gallery 
& Co , coal, one four-horse w-agon; Lewis Edelman 
it Co.. coal, seven wagons trinuiied with evergreens 
and flags: M. ,1. Glenn, kindling wood, one wagon 
decorated and loaded with wood; G. W Batterson. 
kindling wood, one wagon decorated with flags; 
Phillips & Van Ingen, general exhibit of coal, one 
wagon. 

Standard Sewer Pipe Company, two wagons, car- 
rying tiles, sewer pipe, etc., and trimmed with flags; 
Otis & Gorsliue, display of cement and sewer pipe, 
three wagons ; Rochester Lime Company, fourteen 
wagons containing lime,cement and general masons' 
suj)plies ; Pet«r Pitkin, one wagon, painted red, 
white and blue, containing stone cutting implements; 
F. C. Lauer, Jr., & Co., three wagons showing sam- 
ples of stone, flagging, sewer pipe and contractors' 
supplies ; Henry S. Hebard. marble and granite. 
one wagon bearing inscription: "Established in 
1831 by Z. Hebard." 



J. C. Lighthouse, hor.se collars and mail bags in 
five wagons; also one huge wagon completely cov- 
ered with tanned hides ; Coruwell Keehn. boots and 
shoes, one wagon trimmed with flags and bunting ; 
McDonald & Co,, handsomely decorated wagon, 
filled with boots and shoes. 

J. C. King, one wagon draped with bunting, con- 
taining rolls of carjiet, oil <-loth, rugs, etc.; Howe 
& Rogers, one wagon covered with canvas loaded 
with rolls of cari)ets. oil cloths, etc., of different 
kind*, a large display of mats and rugs: Vacuum 
(^il Works, two wagons, trimmed with flags and 
bunting; A. H. Weniger, one wagon draped with 
flags and bunting, containing exhibit of harness, 
lap robes, blankets and horse furnishing goods; R. 
M. Myers & Co.. one wagon decorated with flags 
and containing samples of paper stock; Vi- 
enna Yeast, one wagon decorated with flags 
and having floral design of sheaf of wheat with 
sickle on the top; Attridge & Co.. meat market, one 
wagon; City Department, containing two street 
sweepers, two scrapers and thirty-four wagons; J. 
Tracy & Son, mineral waters, one wagon; Pimnett 
& Williams, one wagon containing display of bi- 
cycles draped with flags and bunting; C. J. Conolly 
& Co., rubber stamps, one wagon trimmed with 
flags; Game Protector Schwartz was in a wagon 
trimmed with flags and bunting and bearing the in- 
scription:" Empire State Fish and Game Protector." 
J. F. Linsin, general confectionery, decorated with 
flags and bunting, two wagons; Francis L. Hughes, 
large wagon containing toys, etc., samples of bicy- 
cles and tricycles on the top, wagon draped with 
bunting and flags; Bausch & Lomb Optical Com- 
pany, one wagon trimmed with evergreens and flags, 
containing a variety of optical instruments; British 
White Oil Company, one decorated wagon; War- 
ner's Safe Remedies, five wagons in line, represent- 
ing a giant man, a large Safe Cure bot'le. and two 
men rolling two enormous pills: Globe Package Dye 
Company, one wagon; J. G. Mutschler & Son, 
handsomely decorated disphay of china and glass 
ware, one wagon; McConnell & Jones, thirty-one 
contractor's wagons; W. J. Smith, tents and awn- 
ings, one wagon ; Mo?mini/ Hfrald, one advertising 
wagon; James Laney & Co., five rag and three pa- 
per carts; Colvin's malaria cure, general advertis- 
ing wagon, decorated with flags; Star Steam Laun- 
dry, two wagons representing their business, hand- 
somely trimmed with flags and bunting. 



The Banquet. 

After the parade the CTOvernor and the guests 
stepped across the street to the Powers Hotel, 
where the grand banquet took place at six 
o'clock. About 2.50 covers were laid. Mayor 
Parsons, as toast-master, the city's guests and 
those who were to respond to the toasts, were 
seated at a semi -circular table, at the west ena 
of the hall. For an hour and a half the atten- 
tion of all present was occupied in discussing 
the choice array of viands. The menu was as 
follows ; 

POTAGE. 

Tortue clair, a la maison Doree. 

HORS D'cEITVRES. 

Petites Croustades de Crevettes, a la .Joinville. 
Terrapin, a la Semi Centennial. 

P01S.S0NS 

Salmon, a la Maintenon. 

Pouiines de terre, a la Child, 

Cucimibers, 



36 



RELEVES. 

Leg of Southdown Mutton, Caper sauce. 

Filet de Boeuf iiique. a la Chartreuse. 

Philadelphia Capon, a la Regenee. 

ENTREES. 

Timbales de Volaille, a la Beaiiharnaise. 

Turtle Steak grillees. a la Perigord, 

Spring Chicken, a la Maryland. 

FROIDS. 

Aspic de Galantine de Dinde, a la Valiere. 
Paiu d'ecrevisses, a la Chautilly. 

MAYONNAISE. 

Chicken. Lettuce. Tomatoes. Lobster. 

Punch glaces, a la Roraaine. 

ROTS. 

Ribs of Beef, Spring Lamb, Mint Sauce. 

ENTREMETS. 

Puree de pommes de terre, a la Crerae. 
Petits pois. A.sperges. Tomatoes saute. 

Plum Pudding, Brandy sauce. 

Gelee, au vin de Champagne. 

PATI.SSERIE. 

Ice Cream, Vanilla Flavor. Strawberry Tarts. 

Gateaux garnis. 

Cafe, a la Creme. 

At the conclusion of the feast for the in- 
ner man Mayor Parsons introduced the 
post prandial cx(>rcises as follows: "Ow- 
ing to the lateness of the hour and bi^cause of 
what we yet expect to show u[)on the 
streets, I must suggest to the Roch- 
ester gentlemen who are to respond 
to toasts that they make their speeches 
brief. In compliment t© our distinguished 
guest, who is to respond to the lirst toast, 
I propose that we rise and driidv to "The 
State of N(nv York, chief among her sis- 
ters, empii(> of the union ; she guards 
her daughters, cherishes her sons and 
of her bachelors makes her governors." 
The toast was drunk standing after which 
Governor Cleveland arose amid lOusing 
cheers aud spoke as follows : 

"Having Inam in the service of the state 
for nearly eighteen months, I feel like any 
other loyal and grateful servant, that no 
flight of oratory or grace of diction could, if 
they were within my reach, do justice to 
the greatn(^ss and thti goodness of my mas- 
ter. I shall not attempt to do more than 
to recall some of the elements which make 
ours a great state, and to suggest the pride 
we should feel as citizens of this common- 
wealth. 

"The .stat(^ of New York is notalonea vast 
area — though it includc^s within its borders 
more territory than seven of Ihr original 
thirteen states combined, beautifully diver- 
sifi(Ml with mountains and valleys, streams 
and lak(^s, forests and tields, and with 
farms wiiere the w<'althand vari(>ty of crops 
tell the story of fcrlilily and adaptation to 
th(^ most \aluabl(^ ])ro(iucls. 

"Tli<! stati(^ is not alono a busy work simp, 
with its continuous hum of mat;hinery and 
its ar-my of artisans and workmen — though 
its man\ifa<-tur(is far exceiul in worth, var- 
iety and volunn^ any othei- state or territory, 
and tliough their value is more than the 



aggregate produced in ten of the thirteen 
original states. 

"The state is not alone a pathway of com- 
mence and a centre of trade^though our 
waterways and railr<iads transport a na- 
tion's wealth, and though our metropolis 
i-i\als the money centres of the world and 
is a distributing point for all lands. 

"The state is not alone an immense 
aggregation of people — though its popula- 
tion exceeds that of any sister state, 
amounting to more than one-tenth of all 
the states and territories, and nearly equals 
that of eight of the original states. 

"Nor do all these things comliined make 
up the state which we delight to call our 
own. 

"Our cities busy, thrift}' and prosperous 
are constantly increasing in piipulation and 
wealth, and in the means to furnish to 
their people all that pertains to refinement 
and civilization. 

"Our villages, quiet, contented and or- 
derly are everywhere ; and by their growth 
and enterprise give proof of proper and 
economical management. 

"Our colleges and seminaries on every 
hill and our common schools on every hand 
are evidence of the faith of the people in 
popular and thorough education. Our 
numerous charitable institutions enlist the 
care of tlie state for the unfortunate poor. 
Our churches and the tolerniit and almost 
universal obscu'vance of religious duties by 
(every sect and creed teach ol)edi(mce to the 
law and prt^pare our peoplt; for good citi- 
zenship. Our soldiery well disciplined and 
equipped stand ready to defend our homes 
while they beget a martial spirit and patri- 
otic sentiment. A wise and firm adminis- 
tration of the laws by our courts gives 
no occasion for disorders and 
outbreaks that arise from the 
miscarriage of justice. Surely we have 
enough to cause us to congratulate our- 
selves upon the claim we have to state citi- 
zenship. And v(>t I cannot forget how 
nnich the (H)ntinuance of all that makes us 
proud to-day depends upon tht> watchfid- 
ness and independence of the people and 
their effective participation and interest in 
state affairs. With a bad government, 
notwithstaniling all our advantages, our 
state, will not be great. Remember 
that the goviu'nment of the state was 
made for the p(ui[)ln and see to it that it be 
by the people. A sturdy indeijcndence and 
a detcn-mination to hold jtublic servants to 
a strict accountability, will teach him to 
keep well in \-iew the line between the 
people's interests and narrow and selfisii 
jiartisanship. and I am sure that a man 
after faithful soi-vice in official ])lace, reaps 
no mean reward, and at the end he shall 
retire with the confidence and affection of a 
thoughtful and intelHgent commu- 
nity, and still retaining the proud title of 
a citizen of tlu; Empire state." 



37 



Tho next toast was : ' 'Tin- Uiiitcd States, 
greatest of all republics, j-ei'iig(! of the op- 
piessi'd of all lands, inexhaustible in re- 
sources, slie gathers a boundless wealth 
into the vast ston^house of ht^r liberal in- 
stitutions and pours fortii from her abund- 
ance tlie riches of prosperity, freedom and 
l)eaee." Hon. Alfred Ely responded as fol- 
lows : 

"Thinking over tlie occasion which has 
lirought together this distinguisluHl asseui- 
l)lage, graced by the presence of the chief 
magistrat(! of our own nolde common- 
wealth — th(^ heads of its leading municipali- 
ties and like official representatives from 
the foremost citi(>s of sister states^hink- 
ing over the progress not only of these 
cities and commonwealths, but of n(fa-rly 
all others within the union in the last live 
decades raetallj- — running over the long list 
of events in theses fifty years of national de- 
velopment, I perceived, as it seemed to 
me, that two problems had been solved 
and with their solution two dangers had 
been i't^mo\ed. 

"In th(> half century now emled it has 
been shown that the Amei'ican people can 
absorb all tl^(^ European en'ugrants that the 
desire of bettering theii- condition may 
bring to our shores. It has b(KMi proven 
that we can Americanize all we can amalga- 
nnite. Nay, it has been shown that Ameri- 
can citizens of foi-eign bii'th ha\(^ bec<une 
moi'c firndy grounded in their faith in our 
free n'presentative institutions than even 
the American born (utizens themselves. 
While somii,born as well as r(^ared among us, 
begin to argue tinndly that the cure for tln^ 
evils of f)(>(Mlom is less freedom, the foreign 
born citizen, inspired, as it were. Ijy tlii^ 
first l)reath he draws on tln^ American side 
* of the watin-, b(MH)mes and remains the 
steadfast champion of our governmental 
sj'steni. 

"If I may dare to misquote, it is as if the 
Genius of America had said to the honest 
toil-inured, long suffering immigrants — 

•' ■Lcaji Ihiiii, attire and all 
Throutjli proijf of harness to nij' heart and their 
Hide on the throbs triumphant.' " 

"The only limit to the safe admission of 
foreigners is our power of amalganiiiting 
Ihem and.bi-uslnng aside all tlu^ sophisti-ies 
by whi<'h the (liscussion has l>een clouded, 
herein lies the only doubt relative to the 
reception of a certain (-lass of Asiatic; im- 
migrants. It is true that our system of 
government is not perfect, but does any- 
body expect to find ]>erfection under the 
sunV Ar<^ not other forms of government 
accompanied liy still more sei'ious draw- 
backs y 

"The wise x\.merica II citizen will seek a 
remedy for existing political evils, not by 
taking a single step backward ; not by cir- 



cumscribing the rights or privileges of any 
class of citizens, but by conscientious, 
steadfast continuance^ in his own political 
duties and by faith in the ujiward progress 
of th(! rai^e — the gradual elevation of the 
mass(;s. 

" And while waiting, with what patience 
we may, for the good time surely coming, 
we can assert in the face of all maidiiiid 
that our system of government is not only 
one that a hundred years experience has 
provcMi pnicticable, but also one that a 
righteous judgment can approve as alone 
grounded in the eternal princnples of justice. 

"I said that two problems had been 
solved. Need I state what the other is or 
was? 

"It was the problem solved by the con- 
llict of which tln^ honored veterans I see 
ai'ound me are survivors. It was not the 
question whether in the language of the fed- 
eral constitution 'the other persons' men- 
tioned in that great document, should be- 
come freemen ; for that question would in a 
few years have settled itself. 

"In the face of the united scmtiment of 
th(> civilized world — and when even Russian 
despotism lib(u-ated the serf, the southern 
slavti could not much longer have been 
kept in chains. 

"A plan of gradual emancipation without, 
or of speedy ennincipation within, compen- 
sation nught and surely would have re- 
moved tluMuonstrous evil — an evil so mon- 
strous and so diametrically ojiposed to the 
spirit of our institutions that it coidd not 
ha\(^ lasted much longer under any cir- 
cumstances. 

"No, no ; it was not the question of slav- 
ery that constituted the great probhun 
which was settled by the sacrifice of bil- 
lions of treasure and, din>ctly and indire(*t- 
ly, of millions of lives — it was the question 
whether ours was a nation or but an ag- 
gregation of states, one or many of which 
miglit slough off at any moment, the union 
dissolving in the process, like the 
baseless fabric of a vi.sion. 

Tlie arl>itrament of arms could alone solve 
that, prolilem. OonHictiiig theories of the 
virtue of the tie that bound the states to- 
gether had grown with the growth of the 
country and sooner or later a conflict be- 
tween the opposing parties was inevitable. 
The war of the rebellion settled that ques- 
tion. Thank God, that it is settled once and 
for ail time. 

"The Uniteil States is a nation. The 
former adherents of the doctrine which 
would make the federal compact a rope of 
sand wer(\ beaten out of that notion. And 
now we shake, hands across tlu^ bloody chasm 
as brothers, citizens of tlni samt^ r(^publi(% 
lioiind to t hem by indissoluble ties of blood, 
religion and a common destiny. 

"Having settled this great question and 
having shown that we can assimilate all 



38 



who come to us from other shores and come 
to stay, let us look the future bravely and 
cheerfully in the face. Let us do our duty 
as citizens, and confidently await the time 
wh(^n the United States shall be acknowl- 
edged everywhere not only as the greatest 
republic, but as the heritage of the wisest 
and noblest people on the face of the earth." 

The thiid toast was " The City of Roches- 
ter, Home of a happy and prosperous peo- 
ple ; the city whose golden anniversary in 
this Golden Age we to-day celebrate.' 
General Ashbel W. Eiley responded briefly. 
He atti'ibuted Rochester's prosperity to the 
foundations laid by her pioneers — 
men who obeyed the injunction. " By 
the sweat of thy brow shalt thou eat bread 
all the days of thy life." In the course of 
his remarks General Riley paid feeling trib- 
utes to some of Rochester's earliest set- 
tlers. 

The next toa-st was: "Our sister 
cities, each one a jewel in that 
golden chain of commerce and fraternity 
which, stretching from the lake to the 
ocean, has its brightest gem in the metrop- 
olis over which presides the honored gen- 
tleman who favors us with his px'es- 
ence to-day." Mayor Edson's response was 
as follows : 

" Mk. Mayor and gentlemen : The task 
which you have assigned me is a pleasant 
o!ie, although of no insignificant propor- 
tions. Sixty years ago it would have been 
comparatively simple and (^asy to speak for 
the little family of "sister cities" located 
within the borders of the empire state ; 
they were only three in number, but they 
were so fair and so gentle that no inadver- 
tent word of the speaker would have 
aroused the demon of jealovisy in their 
p(>aceful bosoms. Their existence was har- 
monious and happy; no ceaseless hum of 
machinery, no deafening shriek of 
th(^ steam whistle or rattle of the 
railway car, no clatter of iron hoofs over 
stony strei^ls shattered their nerves by ilny 
oi' disturbi'd the sweetness of their shiiii- 
bers by night; the fiend of invention liad 
not yet deviscKl the manifokl forms of hu- 
man torture with which the dwellers in 
the cities of to-day are surrounded. Of 
tht^se thi'ee cities, one was sit uatcd on the 
]ii('tures(iuc isliiiid of Manhattan, and Hovel- 
ed in the surrounding liciiuties of bay, riv- 
ei's and ])as1()ral scenery — all unconsc;ious 
of her destiny ; while the otlun-s from tlu^ir 
sunny homes amtmg the hills looked out 
ui)on the "Majestic Hudson," whose 
pure, uncontaminated watei's were 
dotted with tin; white wings of 



our primitive inland commerce, al- 
ready on its triumphant westward course. 
But that little family has increased apace, 
until to-daj' he who responds to the toast 
of "our sister cities" located within tiie 
boundaries of this commonwealth must 
speak for twenty-five — not the modest and 
sunny sisters of sixty years ago, but twen- 
ty-five boisterous, aggressive and prosper- 
ous damsels, who are clamoring in the 
halls of the legislature and in the executive 
chamber, insisting that they shall severally 
be accorded their just right to control their 
own households in their own way. 

' ' I have referred to the cities of sixty 
years ago because it was then that the peo- 
ple of the young state, with DeWitt Clinton 
as their leader, had been able, unaided, to 
complete the first great public work toward 
improving the vast natural advantages lying 
within the boundBries of their common- 
wealth. On the fourth day of November 
next it will be just fifty-nine years since — 
with pomp and ceremony unequalled in ihe 
celebration of any subsequent event in the 
history of this state — the waters of Lake 
Erie were mingled with those of the Atlan- 
tic at Sandy Hook, and an unbi'oken water 
Avay was established between the great 
lakes and the Atlantic ocean. The forests, 
which a few years before had been the 
hunting grounds of the Five Nations, faded 
away to give place to fertile fields, which 
began to contribute their wealth of golden 
harvests to increase the riches and the 
commerce of the state. Thus wer<^ laid in 
the A-alleys of the Hudson, the Mohawk and 
the Genesee, the foundations of nineteen 
of 'our sister cities.' 

"But the benefits rising from the con- 
struction of the Erie canal were wide- 
spread and of great natioiuil importance. 
Our vast inland seas were thus unlocked, 
so that agriculture and commerce con-* 
tinned their triumphal course along the 
great lakes into the heart of the continent. 
Manufacturing interests following closely 
the man^h of agriculture and commerce, 
clustered about the centers which these 
had established ; and, as a thrifty and 
growing community would establish in its 
midst a manufactory of some of the neces- 
sities, conveniences or luxuries of life, and 
would protect and foster it by a voluntary 
tax, if necossai'y, upon the patriotic mem- 
bers of the community at large until it 
should become strong and self-sustaining, 
so our national government by wise provis- 
ions of law ]irotected the manufacturing 
enterprises thus established until they have 
become imiiortant factors in the wealth and 
strength of our llourishiiigcities, and giants 
of power and influence in our state — able to 
compete successfully and unaided, with 
similar manufacturing enterprises through- 
out the world. We are thus brought lace 
to face with a living question which will re- 



39 



quire all the wisdom of the statesmen and 
the disci'eet and conservative action of 
the people of our day justly and equit- 
ably to solve it. I refer to the 
question of the continuance or discon- 
tinuance of national protection to our manu- 
facturing interests — the continuance or dis- 
continuance of what has become the most 
insidious of all our tjixes, the protecitive 
tariff. But whatever nuiy be the sobition 
of this great national question, if wc ft)llt>w 
the policy of Clinton and his contemporaries, 
fostering agriculture and conuucrce, we 
need have no fear for the continued pros- 
perity of our manufacturing interests ; they 
will continue — more lai-geiy than ever — to 
augment the wealth of the state and to 
contribute to the growth and prosperity of 
her 'sister cities.' 

"I have i-eferred to the fact that the cities 
of this empire state ai'c demanding the 
right to control their local affairs in their 
own way. While the question as to the 
pi'oper form of government for cities has 
become one of deep interest to all the states 
of the union, to our own state it is of great- 
er importance than to any other, for a 
larger pioportion of our population 
resides in cities. To the state of 
New Yoi'k, therefore, the country has a 
right to look for a permanent and equitable 
solution of this growing question. In its 
solution we must rel3'ui)on the wisdom and 
the love of fairness and justice by the peo- 
ple of our own state. The fathers of the 
i'(»public devised, inaugurated and be- 
queathed to us forms of state and national 
government which for harmony, symmetry 
and. strength have not been surpassed in 
the world's history, but they had no occa^ 
sion to exercise their wisdom in devising 
a form of government for large cities, be- 
cause there were no large cities in the 
infant republic to govern. Consequenty 
our cities have thus far grown up without 
a well defined system of government, l)ut 
with a perpetual recourse to such tempor- 
ary expedients and such special legislation 
as seemed to suit the purposes of the parti- 
san power which chanced to be strongest 
in the legislature for the time being. The 
result is curious to behold. Looking over 
what is called our city charters one is re- 
ndndfHl of the old-time New England farm 
house, which, at first small and clearly de- 
fined, grew as the family grew : a room was 
added here, an extension there, another story 
and a bay window somewhere else, until 
the whole became an indescribable jumble 
of ill-connected apartments, and thus it is 
with the laws governing the affairs of our 
cities, and thus it must continue to be un- 
til they are clothed with the power and the 
responsibility of the management of their 
own affairs under general permissive laws 
of the state. 

"In conclusion, Mr. Mayor, permit me on 



behalf of the city of New York to congratu- 
hite the city of llochestei', not only upon 
th(> attainment of her lifti(^th birthday, l)ut 
upon the proud position she has attained 
as the queen of a noble and prosperous 
family of 'sister citif^s.' " 

Th(^ toast to which Maj'or 8mith of Phil- 
adelphia was called upon to respond was: 
"Pennsylvania, keystone of the arch ; Phil- 
adelphia citj' of br-otherly love and of his- 
toric fame within whose sacred precincts 
first was rocked the cradle of Liberty." In 
the course of his happy speech. Mayor 
Smitii said that in wliatever made New 
York great,Pennsylvania was with her.save 
ujjon the question of the tariff. He con- 
gratulated the city upon the rapid progress 
and its happy, cultured and prosperous 
people. ' 'I am glad to know," said the speak- 
er, "that when Rochester wanted a good 
mayor to serve four terms she went among 
the Parsons to find him. I am willing to 
admit his good looks, but I cannot admit 
his clerical looks." 

The toast — "Our educational institutions : 
frt)m the grammar school to the university ; 
they are our pride and safeguard" — was 
i-esponded to by President Anderson of the 
university in the following language ; 

"I thank you for the honor of represent- 
ing the teacher's profession — one which is 
mttst vitally connected with all the moral, 
intellectual and economical interests of 
human society. This profession has a com- 
mon object and embraces all departments 
from the kindergarten to the university, and 
I am glad to speak for them all as members 
of a common brotherhood. Our city has 
been noted for its eflForts to secure the best 
education possible for the children of its citi- 
zens. To no influence does it owe more for 
its past prosperity than to its provisions for 
training the young. 

" We have a common school system free to 
all, and crowned by our high school with its 
broad and vigorous course of instruction. 
This free system is supplemented by a large 
number of private schools of a high order of 
excellence. We have facilities for instruction 
in the processes of business and in the fine 
arts. Especially would we mention the edu- 
cational influence of the gallery of art which 
we owe to the single thought and action of 
Mr. Powers, giving us a collection of pictures 
and statues to which comparatively few cities 
in our country can furnish a parallel. Soon 
we shall have the Reynolds' library, and in 
the not distant future connected with it a 
course of instruction for clerks and appren- 
tices similar in its organization to the Cooper 



40 



Institute in New York. We have a largely 
endowed, ably manned and well -equipped 
theological seminary, with a library of great 
value open for consultation to the public, 

"We have a university which within the 
past thirty years has accumulated property 
costing nearly a million— with a library of 
over 20,000 volumes stored in the hall erected 
by Mr. Sibley, our fellow citizen— open for 
consultation through the year. It has a well 
equipped elaboratory and specimens of geol- 
ogy and natural history, more than 40,000 in 
number. The university has sent out 800 
graduates and as many more have pursued 
partial courses of study within its walls. Of 
these graduates 181 have come from our own 
city. Of these graduates a large number 
from abroad have settled in life among us. 
Of our university graduates forty have be- 
come presidents or professors in colleges in 
various states of our union. They have 
served iu the army, engaged in business and 
the professions, divinity, law and medicine. 
You have only to listen to their arguments 
in our courts, to watch their treatment of the 
sick in your own families, to follow in your 
minds the clergymen among their number 
who have filled pulpits in fifty cities in our 
land, to become satisfied that the work of 
our university has been a worthy and success- 
one. I do not claim too much when I 
say that the proportion of successful 
men among our graduates has been equal 
to that shown by any of our sister institu 
tions. I believe it has done a work of which 
no citizen of Kochester need be ashamed." 

The next toast was: "The clergy, by 
whose example, as well as precept, our citi- 
zens have ever been led to a higher and bet- 
ter life. May their influence never be less 
potent to preserve our city from vice and 
corruption, in whatsoever form it may ap- 
pear." The response of Bishop McQuaid was 
as follows : 

"While engaged in taking note of the ad- 
vancement of our city in many ways and on 
many lines during the fifty years of its muni- 
cipal existence, it is highly proper not to 
forget the spiritual element and the religious 
forces at work in promoting material growth 
and progress. 

" I thank the committee in charge of our 
semi-centennial celebration for coupling my 
name with the sentiment of "The Clergy." 
I deeply appreciate the honor of being called 
on to respond to this sentiment. There are 
others whose years and longer residence in our 
city might well have entitled them to this 
honor, but they will, I am sure, not begrudge 
a favor to another, which strikingly illustrates 
the remarkable change that has come over 
the relations of various bodies of religionists 



within the period commemorated. Fifty years 
ago it would not have been jjossible to do 
what to-day may be done with pleasure to most 
of our fellow citizens, and certainly without 
stirring up bitterness in the minds of any. 
It is an important fact to note that, under 
a well adjusted arrangement of relative 
rights and duties, the differences of re- 
ligious belief and jjractices do not necessarily 
interfere with our social and civic obligations 
and intercourse. The change is creditable, 
and is due to the growing good sense of the 
people, to a not unsalutary restraint exercised 
by the press, and to the wisdom acquired by 
the pulpit that a good cause is best fostered 
among an intelligent people by moderation 
in statement and the absence of theological 
acrimony and all lingual rasping. In my 
long experience, and in several sections of 
the counti'y, I know of no city whose pulpits 
are freer than those of Rochester from the 
tierce onslaughts of polemics which hurt 
and never help. The clergyman who has 
been some time in Rochester catches the tone 
of the city, and soon learns that his ministra- 
tions will be more acceptable to his hearers 
if the spirit of charity pervade his discourses. 
None the less is he free to present his doc- 
trines forcibly and unflinchingly, while keep- 
ing within the bounds of established pro- 
priety. The office of a clergyman is not 
only to teach doctrinal truth, but to illustrate 
and honor these teachings by a life of prac- 
tical charity and active benevolence. Kind 
and gentle toward all in word' and manner, 
he is helpful toward the sick, the distressed, 
and the indigent, accoi'diug to his limited 
means. Fifty yeai-s ago there were in the 
city no hospitals, no asylums, no homes for 
the old and the homeless, because there was 
little or no need of them. To-day these in- 
stitutions abound in our city, s-uffice for 
every form of sulfei'iug, are ample in their 
accommodations, complete in equipments, 
and are directed by skilled and faithful 
guardians. They are deservedly among the 
chief glories of Rochester. Our two hospitals, 
in sisterly rivalry, under the care of noble 
and devoted women, leave no form of dis- 
eased and crippled humanity uncared for ; 
our four asylums offer shelter to all fatherless 
and motherless little ones ; our many homes 
welcome the broken down and unprotected 
to food and a roof. In building up and 
providing these institutions of christian 
benevolence, the clergy have led the way and 
shared the labor and anxiety incidental to 
growth and success. If they lacked the heavy 
purse, they held the magic wand with which 
to strike the plethoric purses of their more 
wealthy parishioners. Without being a pro- 
fessional politician, the clergyman is often 
called on to rise above the storm and fury 
of heated political contests, and tone the un- 
reasoning passions of angry partisans down 
to sober thought and speech that detriment 



41 




c 

CO 



H 
H 



O 



I 




43 



to the repnhlif^'K welfare may not follow 
through greed of political ambition and pre- 
ferment. When danger to liberty and peace 
fnl order threatens, he rises above the grade 
of the jtolitician. nnd reaches to the dignity 
of the patriot. His utterances are thought- 
ful and weighty, and navor of the earnestness 
and wisdom of the statesman. 

" From the nature of his work and ofl&ce, 
seemingly away from the people and not of 
them, no man in a Christian community is 
more of the people, with them and for them, 
than the clergyman. He belongs to all 
classes, is ever at their call and service, and 
his church must be for the people Exponent 
of the law of his Master, he l)riiigs it to bear 
to restrain the unjust and uphold the op- 
pressed. He rebukes, counsels, soothes and 
comforts, rich and poor, as occasion may de- 
mand. In our republic dignity and influence 
wane as the clergyman recedes from the 
people and their legitimate sympathies and 
necessities ; they take on glory and power as 
he comes nearer to the people in their daily 
aspirations nnd struggles. He will never be 
able to lead them, or check their unreason- 
able and dangerous outbursts of frenzy, 
unless the people fSel that their clergyman 
is of them and with them in all lawful en- 
deavors. 

"In vain do we attempt to build up a 
city in a Christian land on any other basis 
than that of Christian morality. Prisons are 
to hold in check the criminal classes, and 
protect the law-abiding from their depre- 
dations Churches and schools — and the 
more Christian they are the better — are to 
form character and conscience in the young, 
and maintain them in the old, that the 
criminal classes may not grow, Imt diminish 
in number. Our churches and schools 
have kept pace with the increase of popula- 
tion. As the boundaries of the city widen, 
churches adapted in size and adornment to 
tli(> means of the people spring into exist- 
(MU'o. They are new centers of Christianizing 
influence." 

"There is a species of church whose value 
and significance should not be ignored. It 
is the church — the sanctuary — of the home 
whose head is its priest. No where else do 
these sanctuaries so abound as here in 
Rochester. Only one family dwt^Us under 
the one roof. Tln^ privacy thus secured 
guards the sacred ness of this Christian 
home. Around the little house the light 
and the sunshine play. There is room for 
gai'den cultun^ and for flowers and fruits. 
The moral atmosphere is the purer for the 
seclusion, ajid for the freer air. A clergy- 
man's task is less difficult when the mem- 
bers of his llock ai(! so favorably housed 
and protected from contamination. 

"The record of the clergy of Rochester 
during this half century is one that no 
clergyman need be ashamed of. There have 



Vieen able and illustrious men aincmg thcMU 
in the j)ast; there ai'e such among til^'m to- 
day. Th(^y need fear no man's sciutiny. 
While the past is now under the microscope 
of insi)ection, not to detect flaws and blem- 
isiies, so miicli as to draw encoui-agenuMit 
from knowledge of small bcgiiiiiiiigs end- 
ing ill glorious success and pi-osj)ciity, the 
clergy of tli(^ city point witli |irid<' to tluMr 
work and court examination. The study of 
the past will t<'a<^h meml)ers of other pro- 
f(!ssions and of industrial and comnn-r- 
cial l)odies much that is useful for 
warning and guidancH^, and will 
not to b(> thrown away oh us. Our respon- 
sibility is the gi'eatest. Rightly more is 
ex|iected of our ])rofession. The wonders 
of mechanical achievements in the future 
may eclipse all that this half century can 
show, but if our (country, destined to be a 
land of many cities counting their inhab- 
itants by the million, cannot keep pace in 
good order, respect for law and sound 
morals, with this Increast^ of poi)ulation, 
these crowded cities will beciome hot-beds 
of vice, of lawlessness and of danger to 
a republic foundc^d on principles of Chris- 
tian morality and submission to law, iKun^ti- 
ct^nt in its si)irit of justice aiul equality for 
all, and free from partiality and favoritism 
to individuals or classes." 

Judge Macoraber responded to the toast : 
"To the judiciary: Pure, able, independ- 
ent ; the palladium of our rights and bul- 
wark of our liberties — to whose honored 
ranks our city has furnished some of the 
foremost names our nation boasts." The 
response was as follows : 

"The judiciary could not be dropped 
from the history of Rochester without se- 
rious loss to the renown of the city. The 
general growth of our city, the increase of 
our population, the gradual spread of the 
city limits, the substitution of new and ele- 
gaiit buildings for the old, the expanding 
fortunes which thrift and industrj' have 
wrought, the advance in the arts and sci- 
ences, are physical facts palpable to the 
senses. We see them, therefore they are. 
Within the same time there have been also 
changes of legal systems, a develop- 
ment of jurisprudence in our state, 
none the ' less real, but which do 
not strike so directly the senses, in effect- 
ing which the city may take just praise to 
itself for the part which she has borne. I 
refer to the f^truggle in this state for a 
thoroughly independent judiciary, for a 
distinctively Jiidicial court, whose duty it is 
to interpret the law and administer justice in 
the light of legal science with historical 
accuracy, and with an art which is born 
only of learning and honesty. I say 'ju- 
dicial court' advisedly; for ftn-merlj' the tri- 
bunal wherein the ultimate judic- 



44 



ial authority was ^'osted, was, in the 
colonial period, the governor and liis 
associates, called a council, and la- 
ter, and under the first constitution it was 
vested in the lieutenant-governor and the 
senate, the chancellor and the justices of 
the supreme court. Men unacquainted with 
legal principles and unskilled in the appli- 
cation of establisned laws, though asso- 
ciated with others who had both learning 
and experience, had the power and the op- 
portunity by their voice and their votes, to 
make decisions and pronounce Judgmmits 
which, however Just as arbitrations, would 
not contributf^ much to the scientific value 
of the law. The fact that so little actual 
inconvenience was caused by this method 
of pronouncing decisions in the court 
of errors does not render the system 
the less illogical and unscientific. When it 
gave wa3', under the constitution of 1846, 
to the court of appeals, a second anil a 
mighty stride was taken towards making 
the court of last resort a body such as the 
imperial commercial supremacy of the state 
demanded. But it fell just short of being 
what was most desired. Trained lawyers, 
rt is true, wore secured for its judges; but 
m account of the representative element 
n it from the supremo court, by which 
.our justices of that court sat with the four 
who were chosen as judges of the court of 
appeals, a shifting or rotaiy motion was 
given to it which detracted much from its 
dignity. Its learning was equal to t\w de- 
mands of the age, but it lacked that stal)il- 
ity of membership which is so essential to 
a court wherein the ultimate authority is 
reposed. When the constitution of 18(in 
was adopted, permancmcy of menibei'ship 
was attain(Hl, and the most ardiuit evolu- 
tionist in morals and governmental systems 
could not well ask for more. 

"In all this the city of Rochester, I have 
said, may take a just pride; for since tli(? 
adoption of tht^ constitution of 184C), tlu^ 
people of the state have not failed to look 
her<^ foi' a mcmbcu' of that court, and ex- 
c<'pt for a IVw years when a voluntary 
resignation made a vacancy, this city has 
not been without its representativ(^ in that 
court. No lik(^ honor can, I believe, be 
successfully claimed by any otlnu- city in 
the state. Its I'oi'tune in that i-espcct is 
uni<|ue. While, Iherefoi'e, we congiat ulate 
each other to-day upon our niateri;il pros- 
perity, the rellective nnnd will naturally 
turn to the contemplation of the moi-i^ en- 
during conti-ibution to th(>. judicature of the 
state which its re|)r(\seidalives have made 
and which shall last forever. 

"The first of our juslic(^s of the supreme 
court was William 15. Uocliester, who was 
appointed in I.S2:i. He was not, I believe, 
a I'esident of tlic- city at the time, but he 
soon thereafter remov(Ml here. Our next 
representative in that court Avas Addison 



Gardiner. The honor of Vice-Chancellor 
Whittlesey is ours also, being one of the 
only two, I believe, who ever bore that dis- 
tinctive ajjpellation. After 1846, Rochester 
has never been unrepresented in the su- 
))reme court. Samuel L. Selden, Theron 
R. Strt)ng, E. Darwin Smith and George 
W. Rawson well mejited the honor which 
was bestowed upon them. I refrain from 
speaking of the living ; but of the dead the 
character of not one could be spared and 
leave the judicial histoi-y of our city unim- 
paired. 

"Years hence the Hallam of our constitu- 
tional history will find, that at Rochester 
in an age whcMi political passion was rife, 
there was found in Addison Gardiner a 
judge who could not be swerved by the pas- 
sion of partizan strife ; he will find in the 
transitional period of a new constitutif)n 
not only a Gardiner but Samuel L. Selden 
and Henry R. Selden, whose decisions illu- 
mined tile way to true development of a 
pure and scientific jurisprudence; and an- 
other whom you selected to respond to this 
toast, but whose official duties preclude it, 
George F. Datiforth, into whose worthy 
hands the people placed the succession. 

"These courts have •always shown not 
only a disposition to preserve, but also an 
ability to improve, and ttiereby have easily 
met the changes in business by which new 
property rights have been created and new 
wrongs defined, and have impressed them- 
selves favoraljly iqion the age, as may be 
seen by the adoption, in a majority of the 
states in the union, of their system of pro- 
cedure, and in the repayment to England, 
of any prior indebtedness of ours by the 
enactment there of the judicature act of 
1875, where so many of our law reforms 
were ejigi'afted upon the ancient m<3thods 
of English jurisprudence. 

"Not deeming it fit to spealv further of 
the influence of the city through the court 
of which I am a member, and not at all of 
its present occupants, I leave untouched 
much of yo\n- honor and reputation among 
in(Mi. Rut when I refh^ct how far-reaching 
is its daily inlluenc(^ u]Min the li\es and 
fort lines of the people, and how a case to- 
day may Ik^ the precedent of to-morrow, 
and the aiithoi-ity for generations to come, 
I may with modesty exclaim, 

"lliiW far tliul lilllc caiKlIc tlu'ews lii.s beam." 

The toast to the bar was briefly but hap- 
jiily responded to by W. F. Cogswell. 

Dr. E. M. i\Ioore responded with charac- 
teristic felicity to the toast "Medicine:" 
\\ iiich "soothes our pains and shortens our 
woes. Its duty done, the t(Mid<u' mercies 
of the docloi- of divinity calms the troubled 
breast and merge discordant fears into the 
sweet harmony of eternal regt." 



45 



The toast proposed to the press was : 

"The Press ; as in the past and present, so 

may it l^e in tlie future, that : 

' " Hero shall the press the people's rights mafn- 

tain, 
Unawed l)y iulliieiice and unbrlbcd l)y Kalii: 
Here patriot truth her glorinus pi-ecepts draw, 
Pledged to religion, liberty and law.' " 

In response William Purcell said : 

"Mr. President — As a citizen of Eocli- 
ester in its village days, and during the half 
century of its city growth, 1 feel that my 
first duty on this occasion is to thank 
Divine Providence for the preservation and 
guidance that have kept nie here, and that 
keep uic. here still. As one connected witli 
the press of Rochewtcn- for more tium forty 
years, I respond to tlie toast just offered in 
its honor with peculiar pl(>asure. This is a 
day of reminiscence — a day that nuirks an 
epoch in the life of the municipality and 
freshens the history of a most eventful 
period. To many agencies does Eochester 
owe its popidation and prosp(>rity, but to 
no oth(>r on(> is it more indebted than to its 
press. Rochester was Init a iiamlet in the 
wilderness when, in IHKi, following the or- 
gaiuzation of the first church with sixteen 
members, and the first .school with a like 
nundier of pupils, came from Utica Augus- 
tine (1. Dauljy. son of one of the French he- 
roes who fought in the revolution under La- 
fayette, with a Ramage pr(\ss and the tyi)e 
and furniture of a small printing ofiice, from 
which he issued Rochester's first news- 
paper, a weekly journal called the Gazetlr. 
The publication of the first daily, not only 
of Rochester but of the Unified States west 
of All)anj-, tii(> Ailvirtisir, was commenced 
ten years later, on the '25th of October, l)S2('i, 
when the ])opulation of the villagi". was but 
7,R()0. And it is a notable fact tliat that 
Advertiser, which has swallow(>d up so many 
rivals, still liv«>sand fiourislies as the l^nioii 
and Advertiser, whil(> its weekly issue, the 
Repuldiean, is the original (lazette (Estab- 
lished by Mr. Daidw in IHK;. I shall not, 
attempt to enumerate the many journals, 
daily, weekly, and monttily, nearly on(» hun- 
dred in number, that have come 
and most of which -have gone, 
since Rochester's first newspaper 
appeared. Suffice it to say that all, 
during their existence, and especially those 
still alive, have ever been watchful and 
jealous of the city's interests, and have 
never let slip an opportunity to advocate 
and advance them. Their aim and elfoit 
have always been to conserve the pid)lic 
weal — to uphold the right and put down the 
wrong. And t\w survivors have kept ])ace 
in their progress with tiie strides of the 
t'ity. The primitive [)ress of Dauby that 
with bed and ])laten struck off two hundred 
and forty shei^ts an hour with twelv(> differ- 
ut and distinct movements of manual la- 



bor, has been succeeded by the steam rotary 
that inci'i'ases the nundier of impressions 
an huiulred fold without hunuin exiM'tion. 
The aggiegate circulation of the daily press 
of Rochester forty years ago did not Qx- 
viH'd twenty hundred. To-day it is between 
fifty and sixty thousand. All Western New 
Yolk is tributai'v to llu" jir'essoi' Rochest(>r, 
and is piactically suburlian territory of the 
city. The dozen diflVrent railways that 
I'amify the country round about afford siu'h 
facilities for distribution that the villagers 
along their lines, ten, twenty, fifty and 
hutidi(>d Mal(>s distant, are enabled to read 
their Rochcstc^r evening paper Ixd'oi-e su]i- 
per, and their Rochester moiidng paper 
iiefore breakfast, siftudtani'ouslv with the 
p(H)ple of the city. This rapid intercourse 
forms and establishes a cummuiuty of inter- 
est, causes a constant f<x>ding of busim^ss 
fi'om th(! circumference to the centr'(>, and 
hence aids tlui building up of tlu; city that 
is constantly going on. 

"I shall not, Mr. President, weary the 
company here assembled with any disserta- 
tion on the press as a general topic. Its 
power is known, its virtues are recogiuzed, 
its ^•ices are deploi'cd. Electricity and 
steam ha\e heighteneil the importance and 
value of its best attributes. Through tht^sc 
agencies it can gather in and spread abroad 
tlie events of the day, the liour, the mo- 
ment, in all parts of the world. Nay, the 
press of Rochester, Ntuv \\)rk, can obtain 
and pulilish a full account of what occurs 
in Rochester, England, Ijcfore it transpires, 
accoi'ding to the diurnal hour. Through 
the agencies of electricity and steam the 
press of the world could, by concert of ac- 
tion, bring the minds of all the 
civilized peopl(>s of the earth iido 
communion and engage them in consider- 
ation of any given subject at any given 
timt^ Such an engine of thought is a mon- 
ster power to be directed for good or evil. 
Its increase of strength has, especially in 
this country dui'ing tl'.e ])ast thirty years, 
been wonderful. In ISfjO the nundt(M' of 
iiewsitapers and periodicals puldished in 
the United States Avas 2,52(i, and their cir- 
culation by single issue 5.142,179. In 1880 
the number had risen to 11,4:()3 and their 
(•irculation to :U, 177,024. It has eoine to 
]iass that aside fi-om the journals that cul- 
tivate tlit^ fields of news and politics and 
literaturt% the names of those that servc^ as 
organs of the various braiich(\s of business, 
trades, professions, miscellaneous indus- 
tries and enterprises, and specialties of 
various kinds are legion. 

" There is nothing in the history of the 
pi'ess of Rochestin" to which we can turn 
with greater pride than to the talent and 
.eharactcn- of those who have gone before — 
most of them to their graves, but somt^ to 
engage in other pursuits which tliey still 
follow. Among the names of Rochester 



46 



editors readily called, several of them from 
from the roll of fame, are those of Thurlow 
Weed, the leader in this state of the auti- 
Masoiiie, whig, and repidilican i>arties, in 
the order of their suecession, for a period 
of over thirty years; Henry O'lieilly, the 
projector and builder of telegraph lines ; 
Patrick Barry, the recognized head of the 
gi'eat horticultural interests of the countiy ; 
Luther Tucker and Dr. Daniel Lee, dis- 
tinguishtMl writers on agriculture; William 
Lyon Mackenzie, leadtu- of the Canadian 
rebellion of 1837 ; Frederic Douglass, 
whose North Star lit up the line of 
the underground railroad and beaconed 
many a poor runaway slave across 
the border to Canada > Thomas W. Flagg, 
T. Hart Hyatt, Isaac Butts, George Daw- 
son, Orsamus Turner, Henry Cook, Samuel 
P. Allen, Alexander Mann, and D. D. T. 
Moore, Among the names of Rochester 
publishers held in remembrance for their 
many excellent qualities an- those of Au- 
gustine G. Dauliy, Everard Peck, Derrick 
Sibley, Robert Martin, Alvah Strong, Eras- 
tusShcpai'd, Leonard and Lawrence Jerome, 
Elihu F. Marshall and Joseph Curtis. 

"If the present conductors of the press oi 
Rochester shall leave behind them exam- 
ple as good, and record as bright, as have 
been left l)y those whose names stand out 
boldest in the list of their predecessors, 
they may confidently count upon honorable 
retirement and rest in peace." 

The next toast was : "Municipal govern- 
ment; illusti'ious in liLstory as the cham- 
pion of human rights, its integrity must be 
maintained by the wisdom, firmness and 
purity of its administration." The an- 
nouncement of the name of Mayor Seth 
Low of Brooklyn, elicited a burst of ap- 
plause followed three hearty cheers. Mayor 
Low's response was as follows : 

"I cannot answer to this sentiment in the 
spirit of prophecy. As a prophet I would 
sell out cheap, but in history I count my- 
self some. In this spirit let me speak. I 
desire to say some things concei-ning a class 
of experienires not familiar to a guest ma- 
jority of my ln^arers. In explanation I can 
do no better than repeat an anecdote which 
has been told of Mayor Green of Boston. 
At the time of which I speak the 
cellar of one of the citizens in a low part 
of the city was flooded with water. It was 
particularly uid'ortunatc in this case, be- 
causi' the good man kept hens in his cellar. 
AfUu' the disasti'r he aj)peared at the office 
of the tax collector and wanted his cellar 
pum])ed out. The official argued that it 
was his (hity to jmmp nam's pockets dry, 
l)ut he could not proju'i'ly be called upon to 
pum[) out flooded cellars. The good man 
insisted that his hens would be drowned 



and said, 'My name's Terry Muldoon and 
I've fifty votes, and I want my cellar 
pumped out.' To get rid of Teriy 
the tax collector advised him to 
go to see the mayor and he 
went. In a few days he returned to the 
tax collector's office with the same demand. 
'My name's Terry Middoon and I've fiftj' 
votes and I want my cellar pumped out.' 
The official asked if Terry had visited the 
mayor; if so, what the mayor had said 
about pumping out the cellar. 'Ht^ only 
said to me,' was the answer, 'Terry, man, 
why don't you keep ducks V So you see a 
mayor is called upon to solve a great many 
questions in the private life of citizens. 

"In the presence of the honored governor 
of our state, who has himself been a maycn-, 
and in the presence of half a dozen mayoj's 
of cities, I cannot assume to speak as one 
who knows all about it. I can only speak 
of some things we have done in Brooklyn. 
Our city government was formerly like 
other cities, in the hands of a nundjer of 
separate departments, each one of which 
was a law unto itself. Each department 
assumed the power to tear up our streets, 
l)ut not one felt called upon to 
repair the damage. We have 

had triple headed and iu)n-partisan 
Ijoards. Such commissions seem to have 
l)ower to do harm enough, but little capa- 
city to do good. In this way it has been 
attempted to build cities upon the principle 
of the division of the i-esponsibility. We 
now have in Brooklyn one responsible head 
to each executive department — one police 
commissioner, one fire commissioner, one 
health commissioner and so on. The 
single head of a department, the one man 
upon whom responsibility rests, fears the 
blame that may fall upon him if he fails 
to discharge his duty, but, what is a 
more important consideration, he is anxious 
to do well. If there is but one police com- 
missioner, and the department is efficiently 
managed, there can be no question as to 
where the credit belongs. Brooklyn gives 
to her mayor the power to administer the 
city government and puts upon him 
responsibility for the proper conduct of the 
city's affairs. The nuxyor ofBrooklyn assumes 
his office Jaruuiry 1, for a t(U'm of two years. 
February 1 it becomes his duty to name 
the heads of the several depaitments of 
the city government. He has the sole 
power of appointment. I claim our system 
the most American of any in the country. 
Whil<> th(> p(>ople, are attempting to right 
one department, mider the system gener- 
ally in vogue, another goes astray. When 
a mayor comes up for election 
the people know that he will assume re- 
sponsibility commensurate with the power 
with which Ik; is to be clothed. The people 
know that they can nuike a city government 
at one stroke ami that the mayor they elect 
will be responsible to them while his term 



47 



of office lasts. How many of us can tell 
exactly the relations whicli one official sus- 
tains to another? If we find it difficult to 
mark the lines how must it appear to the 
mind of the naturalized citizen. The propo- 
sition tliat everytliing rests upon the eh^-- 
tion of a mayor is one you can make clear 
to the mind of any citiz(Mi, whether he be a 
native or foreign born. 

"We believe in home rule within proper 
limits. We have suffered by the legislature 
stepping in to tell us what to do in munici- 
pal affairs and we have got tired of all of it. 
We believe the legislature should limit the 
debt-making power of cities. We don't be- 
lieve though that the Jegislature should 
step in and sav 'you must enter upon this 
improvement or that whether you will or 
not.' The debts of our cities 
have been contracted in just this 
way. Too often the desire of a 
few men prevails with the legislature in 
laying burdens upon the people. When 
extraordinary or ordinary improvements 
are to be made we want the work to be 
done through home channels. We will ac- 
cept some extraordinary machinery, pro- 
vided it comes through the mayor who will 
be responsible for its workings." In con- 
cluding his remarks Mayor Low com- 
mended the civil service law governing 
municipal affairs, and spoke of the import- 
ance of training citizens to appreciate the 
importance of local political affairs. Mayor 
Low's speech was received with vociferous 
applause and three rousing cheers. 

His worship the Mayor of Toronto, res- 
ponded pleasantly to the toast "Our 
Dominion Visitors. Separated from us 
by lines of state, but near to our 
hearts, and ever welcome to our shores," 
"I shall go back and tell my people," said 
the speaker, "that notwithstanding we 
are under different governments and 
revere different flags, we find 



in the United States and in Rochester 
a kind, genei'ous and hospitable people." 

The next toast was "The business in- 
terests of Rochester, by whom the million 
may be fed, clothed, shod and have their 
needs supplied. May 'good goods' con- 
tinue to be the motto and the whole world 
be the market." To this toast William N. 
Sage responded as follows: 

"After the exhibition of to-day illustrat- 
ing what Rochester can do and has done, 
it is almost unnecessary to say anything 
about our business interest. Rocliester 
was established here on accountof the water 
power of our noble Genesee. At the same 
time we had this fertile country around of 
whicjli this citj' . was the natural 



center. A lai-ge proportion of our prosper- 
ity has come since the granting of the 
charter. Since then the entire railroad 
system has entenMl Rochester, bringing in 
its riches and creating employment foi- 
many men. We have a class of men h(u-e, 
who are enterprising, who carry on extens- 
ive opei-ations throughout this entire sec- 
tion. Now about the shoe business witia 
which I have been somewhat connected. 
That was started in 1835. It has been ex- 
tending until there are factories established 
whose reputation is known even to the 
Rocky mountains. So we niigiit speak of 
the clothing business, so of drugs, jewelry 
and even the caskets in which we are laid 
when we go to Mount Hope. I could speak 
of the $18,000,000 in our savings banks. It 
is a testimonial of the economy and indus- 
try of our citizens." Mr. Sage referred to 
Powers block, making a complimentary al- 
lusion to the energy and enterprise of Mr. 
Powers. Mr. Sage also referred to the ap- 
proaching political campaien, saj'ing that 
whatever the result we all be inspired with 
enthusiasm for the ' ' land of the free and 
the home of the brave." 

Patrick Barry was called to respond to 
the toast "Hoi'ticulture and Floriculture." 
Mr. Barry was not present, but his re- 
sponse was read.by W. C. Barry. 

The next toast was : ' 'Our labor interest. 
Labor,' said one of America's greatest 
thinkers, 'is the grand conqueror, enrich- 
ing and building up nations more surely 
than the })roudest battles.' The history of 
no city in our land more forcibly illustrates 
the truth of tlus saying than that of Roch- 
ester. Quietly, peaceably, without fortui- 
tous assistance, but steadily and laborious- 
ly she has gone forward. Who can esti- 
mate hei- ol>ligations to those who have 
borne the brunt, endured the heatanddone 



the work of liei- upbuilding. 



Hume H. 



Cale was not piesent to i-espond and th^ 

toast was passed. 

Th<^ paper prepared by Mr. Cale is as 
follows : 

That beautiful lithograph, the "Semi-centennial 
Memorial, ' ' that has beeu issued, represents 
with a few skilful touches the growth of Roch- 
ester from a wilderness to its present state of 
population and impor'ant^e. It also illustrates 
clearly and deftly the growth of industrial tliought. 
The industrial idea grows as a trei grow 5. It may 
be, and is, crude at first; but continual grafting 
and pruning, and experimenting improves ir, until 
its fruit is seen in the beauty and perfection of oar 
architectural and industrial surroundings. The 
Indian pictured in that lithograph, the original 
possessor of our soil here, had but a hazy 
idea of architecture and the various forms 
of industry. He knew enough to build a 
wigwam, aiid tliat was all. His constructiveness 



48 



went no further. His idea of industry was the pro- 
curement of enougli game to sustain life from day 
to day, and with this rude form of Hving and doing 
lie was content The pioneer wlio succeeded him, 
whose sturdy ami Irveled the forests and laid the 
foundation for our city's existence, had an industrial 
idea a triflle more advanced. His constructiveness 
went as far as ihe building of the rude log cabin. 
His industrial thouglit culminated in the felling of 
ihe fore.st and in the cultivation of tlie scant acres 
he had redeemed from wildness. Each generation 
is content with its industrial thought and its archi- 
tectural surroundings. Tne pioneer was 
content wirh his cabin and his plat of 
clearing, and probably enjoyed his life as 
much as— if not more than— we do ours. 
The industrial thought grew and tne saw-mill 
came, and with it came the crude framed dwelling, 
unplastered, unpainted, unadorned. The saw- 
mill is the pioneer. It widened ihe scope of in- 
dustry. It evolved a farm from the clearing. It 
g«ve to the banks of the Genesee a village destined 
to become a great city The pioneers were uncon- 
scious of the growth or their industrial tliought. 
It grew as naturally as plants grow. They knew 
not what they were building, nor had they an idea 
that the industrial thought would widen and de- 
velop and result in the order of things visible to us 
to-day. Had one predicted then the city as we 
know it, without doubt he would have been looked 
upon as having something out of gear in his 
mental machinery. The brickyard is the 
civiliser— the second mile post on the 
road of pioneer progress. The industrial 
idea developed a brick dwelling, a brick block, rows 
of brick blocks, a village of brick— a city of brick 
and stone and marble, with all the wealth and 
beauty of architectural adornment. The first ef- 
forts were crude and excite our amusement to-day, 
but the fruits are seen in that grand block of Pow- 
ers', and in this stately hotel in which we celebrate 
the growth of the industrial tliought of the men 
who made Rochester. 

In the development of that thought the rude 
mortar and pestle of the Indian gave way to the 
millstone with all the milling improvements, and 
there was built up here a great industry that gave 
us the name, ' 'Flour City. ' ' The clearing of the 
•pioneer which he tilled with such diffi- 
culty and watched with anxiety developed 
our fertile nurseries with their prolific 
wealth of beauty and gave to us our more modern 
' ' Flower City. ' ' Trace the thought and the chan- 
nel widens. The lap.stone of the humble shoemak- 
ers in tlie little Genesee village developed our vast 
shoe industry. The forge and anvil of the village 
blacksmith wore touched with the wand of prog- 
ress, and in their stead sprang up our busy machine 
shops. In each advance of this industriP'l thought 
is seen the strong arm and skilled hand of labor. 
What our citisens are celebrating to-day witii such 
generous enthusiasm is the creative genius of la- 
bor. Underneath all of our fair city's beauty and 
prosperity lies labor— the labor of " brain and of 
hand. Before this creative genius all men should 
bow with profound respect. May we not 
hope that the time will come when 
all men shall acknowledge, with 

Daniel Webster, that ' ' the greatest interest of the 
country, the cause of all its prosperity, is labor, 
labor, labor? ' ' May we not hope that the day will 
come when all men shall recognise the truth that 
the labor question is the first (luestion to be settled 
in civil society, that on it all other questions and 
conditions depend? May we not hope that the time 
will come when men shall ))ay less attention to tlie 
superficial industrial thought and have a more gen- 
erous regard fur actual and practical labor? That 
day is coming. It is foreshadowed to-day in the 
cordial response of all classes of our citisens to cel- 
ebrate the growth of that thought which has built 
up the industrial interests of the city of Rochester. 

Mayor Parsons announced as the next 
toasf'Our veterans. Who offered their lives 



that onr country might live. We rejoice it 
was not necessaiy to eomjilete sacrifice that 
they wert^ so ready to make, and that so 
many survived to celebrate with us this 
festal day. To them and their companions 
who have gone before we owe the salvation 
of e)iir nation and the safety of our city. To 
them all honor, glory and praise." Hon. 
H. H. Grenideaf responded to the toast sub- 
stantially as follows : 

"I thank you for your cordial greeting 
but most especially Mr. President I thank 
you for assigning to me this toast. What 
soldier would not take pride in responding 
to this toastV We are thrilled with high 
resolves at the two words 'our veterans.' 
Do we understand what they imply V These 
words express love of country and loyalty • 
to the old flag. Do we really understand 
they spejik of deserted firesides, of weeping 
maidens, of physical and mental suffering 
greater than men could bear. Thej' speak 
of the sentry guard. They speak of the at- 
tack and the tented field, of Sherman's 
march to the sea, and especially these 
words speak of the 1st New York Veteran 
brigade, of whose deeds on the field of bat- 
tle Rochester nuiy be justly proud. They 
remiiid us of ignominious defeat and glori- 
ous victoiy. They remind us oi Lexing- 
ton, Bunker Hill and Yorktown. They 
stand for the republican form of govern- 
ment. They stand for civil and religious 
liberty for the United States of America. 
This beautiful city of flowers, literallj' biult 
on a rock, whose fiftieth anniversary we 
meet to commemorate to-night, this empire 
state with its 5,0U0,0(I0 people, this magni- 
ficent country, grander than any other,'now 
in fact the land of free and the home of 
ijrave owe more of their general prosperity 
and true glory to our veterans who defended 
their country in the days that tried men's 
souls, than thc^y ever can repay. Do what 
we and our children can, they will be the 
country's creditors still." 

The following toast was "The Ladies, 

'They walk in beauty, like tho night 
Of cloudless climes and starry skies; 

And all that's best of dark and bright 
Moot in their aspect and their eyes.' 

Thus sang the poet of the ladies of other 
days, thus say we of the noble wives, 
mothers and sisters who have done so 
much to nuxke our city what it is, and of 
those who to-day make life ami home 
lovely and attractive." J. B. Perkins, who 
it was exiiected would respond, was not 
present, but he sent the following letter 
which was read by Charles E. Fitch : 

"I said at the time, that if after fifty 
years of corporate life, Rochester could not 
produce a toast committee which shyuld 




COL. NATHANIEL ROCHESTER. 




, . . ^ ,,--,. .,. , , . , prominently 

engaged ni the struggle, both in military and legislative offices. After the war, he again em- 
barked in mercantile and manufacturing pursuits, at Hagerstown, Maryland. In 1788 he 
married Sophia, daughter of Wm. Beatty, Esq., of Marj'land. ' 

Col. Rochester's connection with this section dates as early as 1803. in which year he visited 
the Genesee, where he appears to have become the purchaser of six hundred acres of land, which 
was made with the intention of removing to it with his family. In 180-t he again visited the 
Genesee, when the "Hundred-acre Lot," now included in our city, was obtained, at seventeen 
dollai-s and fifty cents per acre. In 1810 Col. Rochester first became a resident of Western New 
York, at Dansville, where he lived five years, and erected a large paper mill and various othei* 
manufacturing establishments. In 181.5 he removed to a farm in Bloomfield. After remaining 
there three years, in 1818 he took up his residence in this city, which, in the interim, had received 
his name. In Januaiy, 1817, Col. Rochester officiated as secretary of the CJonvention, at Can- 
andaigua, which urged the construction of the Erie Canal. During the succeeding years of his 
active life he was prominently identified with the growth and improvement of our city, and held 
many offices of public trust, serving twice as presidential elector, the first as Clerk of the County 
of Monroe, Member of the Assembly, etc. 

In the spring of 18:M a law passed, granting a charter for the " Bank of Rochester," when 
Col. Rochester was appointed one of the commissioners for taking subscriptions and apportion- 
ing the capital stock. In June of the same year he was unanimously elected president of that 
correct and vigorous institution. The office (with that also of director) was resigned in Decem- 
ber following, it having been originally taken only at the urgent solicitation of a number of his 
fellow citizens, and with the avowal that, as soon as the bank was successfully in operation, he 
must be permitted to resign. When this resolution was carried into effect, the Colonel was only 
two months from completing his seventy -fourth year. 

The relations of Col. Rochester to this city, after the period of his retirement from the bank, 
were those rather of personal influence than personal activity. The age and bodily infirmity, 
however, which restrained the latter, gave weight to the former. His opinions came with the 
experience of three-score and ten. His example was enforced by the tried morality of a long 
life, and the higher sanction of religious conduct and hope. His disinterested use of the property 
he had, afforded evgry facility for a thrifty and prosperous population. From the commence- 
ment he sold the lots on terms the most liberal, and encouraged, by his personal benefactions, 
every plan of general utility. He died May 17, 1831, after an illness of several weeks. 



I 




51 



choose a more appropriate person tluiu my- 
self to answer the toast ot the hiditis, it 
spoke poorly for the city. I must now give 
the worst proof of my unfitness for the 
honor by being recreant to the cause I have 
cigreed to espouse; but imperative business 
takes me fi'om the city to-morrow. You can 
more than fill my place by choosing some 
poet to sing their (ilutrms or some wit to 
protend to point out thinv imaginiiry foiljles. 
If all fail, get some Mormon saint, who can 
speak from a lai'ge and varied experitMice. 

Dr. Oronhyateka of London, C'anada, was 

called upon by Judge Morgan to mak(* a 

brief speech. He spoke substantially as 

follows : 

"Since the gentleman who was to iuive 
responded to the toast, '•The Lailies," has 
faibnl us, it is extremely unfortunutc^ that 
1 am not a poet, which seems to be a-n 
(issrntial in responding to this toast. Still, 
as an Indian I think I maj' cdaim some 
right to respond to the toast. I am 
well aware that white men look 
down on the Indians as an in- 
fi-rior race. This is a great mis- 
taki\ Let me in a few words show you 
why tlie Indians are a superior race. One 
of the evidences taken by the scientials in 
Judging of a people is the language. NoAV 
when an Iiulian gets so full of feeling that 
h(^ must swear he has to borrow his langu- 
ages from tlie English. An Indian can not 
swear in his own language. That is one evid- 
ence of the superiority of the Indians. It is a 
common belief among the whites, I know 
very well, that we make the women do all 
the work. That is a mistake. Our wonuui 
are free. I would no more think of oppos- 
ing the little queen who rules over my 
honu; than I would think of mandiing into 
this state to retake our ancient heiitage. 
In our councils when we cannot agree we 
call in the women. If yf)u would follow our 
e.\anii)le you would still be more pi'ospered. 
All our chieftanships descend through the 
women." 



MORE FIREWORKS IN THE EVENING. 

Toward evening the weather grew milder, 
and tlie centime of the city was filled by haU- 
past eight with dense crowds in anticipation of 
enjoymont from the fire works. Tlie rity was 
beautifully illuminated. Every building of 
prominence was decked with Chinese lanterns, 
while additional electric lights added brilliancy 
to the scene. The pyrotechnic display was very 
fine. Several firms furnished set pieces, and 
the sky was continually filled with rockets and 
other aerial pieces. Colored lights burned on 
Powers' tower and the Kimball chimney ailded 
gi-eatly to the pictiu'e. Only two serious acci- 
dents occurred; and those at H. H. Warner's on 
N. St. Paul street during the firing of some 
fire-piece. The Rochester Savings bank build- 
ing was beautifully illuminated, "R. S. B., 



1^:^!," being illustrated upon both fronts. The 
fol](jvviii}< iirc tlie l)uildiiigs most conspicuous 
for the illuiiiiuat ion: Powers Hlock, the Powers 
Hotel, Reynolds Arcade, Smith, Perkins & 
Co.'s liuilding, the Baker hlock, A. S. Mann I'v: 
Co., E. J. Arnold it Co., Sibley, Lindsey & 
Curr, Brewster, Crittenden &; Co., the Warner 
building and the stores of Caufman, Diukel- 
spiel & Co., J. W. Rosenthal i^c Co., Stein 
Bloch & Co., S. J. Arnold, Burke, l^^itzSinions, 
Hone & Co. on N. St. Paul street. 

After the fire works the small -boy — to the 
number of two or three hundred — paraded the 
principal streets armed with tin horns and 
drums. Their anthusiasm was damiiened only 
when a copious rain began to descend shortly 
before midnight, when the semi-centennial 
celebration, may be said, was over. 

In looking back at the celebration the peojile 
of Rochester may well be proud of the event 
that gave them an oi)portuiiity for such a dis- 
play. The magnanmity of the citizens in con- 
tributing liberally to the fund and their indi- 
vidual efforts to make the occ-asion a success, 
bespeak for Rochester a marvellous growth in 
the next half-century of its life as a city, into 
which we have but just entered. The celebra- 
tion was a comi)lete succ-ess, and will be re- 
membered for maxiy years. To those who pro- 
posed the proper oliservance of the day, not less 
than to those who skillfully carried it to a 
brilliant termination, are due the thanks of the 
people of the city. 



The Press on the Celebratiou. 



THE SEMI-CENTENNIAL. 

[Democrat and Chronicle, June 9.] 

To-day Rochester is in holiday attire. She is 
jubilant over the anniversary which marks her 
birth as a muuicipalitj'. AVith joy expressed in 
her decorations, fair in her summer gloiy of 
green sward and blooming flowers, she makes 
high festival for her children and welcomes her 
gaiests within her borders. 

Rochester may well celebrate this anniver- 
sary. Few eastern cities can show a moie rapid 
growth or enjoy a more anijile prosperity than 
that which has been vouchsafed to Rochester. 
Fifty years ago she had a j)opulation of about 
i:i,0O0' people. To-day she has over 100,000, 
some, who claim to be well informed, placing it 
as high as 120,000. Her manufactories are many 
and of a vai-ied character. Her merchants are 
among the most enterprising in the state. Her 
common schools, her university and her theo- 
logical seminaries are of the highest order of 
excellence. By belts of iron running in every 
direction, she is connected with the outside 
world. She is the market for a larger territory 
than any citj' in the state outside the metropo- 
lis. She has received the benefit of the in- 
dustries of many ditt'erent races which here com- 
bine in harmonious efforts for the common 
weal. Both the German and Irish element 
form a very considei-able portion of the popula- 
tion, and, as they heartily unite with other 
nationalities in the festivity of the day, it is 
proper that they should understand the full 
measure of the obligations which citizens of 
American birth feel toward them for what they 



52 



have contributed to the advancement of the 
common interests. This is to be a celebration 
in which all will participate. 

In other ways, the history of Rochester will 
be dwelt upon to-day, and it is a matter for 
congratulation that, "through the industry of 
competent literary labors, much of that his- 
tory is to assume permanent form in volumes 
worthy of the inspiration that has produced 
them. We need not therefore enter into the 
details of that history which embraced seventy 
years of progress from the forest to the great 
city ; but it hardly seems possible that such a 
transformation has been wrought within the 
comparatively brief period indicated, as has 
here been witnessed. Less than a century ago 
all Western New York was a wildeiiiess. To- 
day it is studded with populous cities and 
thriving villages, within a garden fair as a 
dream of Beckford or Moore. Let us all rejoice 
and be exceeding glad for all the blessings we 
have received, and make these hours, fleeting 
though they are, memorable for the emphasis 
we give them. 

OUR SEMI-CENTENNIAL. 

[Rloming Herald, June 9.] 
Among the ancient Greeks the city was the 
unit of the body politic. It »was the state ; it 
was the nation. To be a citizen was to be a 
resident of the city, and the resident of the city 
alone possessed the highest civil rights. The 
citizen lived only for the welfare of the city, to 
bear its arms, to exult when it won on the 
battle field or applaud when it carried off the 
honors of the forum or the laurels of the am- 
phitheatre. The citizen had everything to 
make civil life enthusiastic and invigorating. 
His feelings swelled or were depressed in pro- 
portion as his dear city became exalted or suf- 
fered eclipse. This system could not flourish in 
these times even though we would have it so ; 
and who would have it so? The political anat- 
omy of these hellenic cities is one thing, but 
their social anatomy is quite another. The 
most enthusiastic Rochesterian be he wise, does 
not wish to- day to see his citj' through the eyes 
of an ancient Greek. We do not celebrate to- 
day an event which cut us off from the green 
fields beyond and made us an autonomous body 
as was the ancient city. We do celebrate the 
fiftieth anniversary of an event which conferred 
upon us local self-government, but left us a 
part of the empire state and the county of 
Monroe, a part of the far famed Genesee valley, 
the fountain of our prosperity and our riches; 
which made us a body corporate. To-day this 
body corporate is a living thing. It breathes, 
and we rise and fall with the heaving of its 
breast. Life blood speeds through its arteries. 
It feels. It has emotions. A city is truly a 
living body. It lives on and on, assimilating 
the food which the industry of its inhabitants 
provides and developing new bone and muscle, 
blood and brain ; or it wanes, languishes and 
dies. 

The significance of the celebration which we 
commence to-day, of the fiftieth anniversary 
of our corporate existence, is plain, therefore, 
if we do but observe the simile of the living 
body. We have grown because we have been 
industrious, because we have made the most of 
our opportunities. Every citizen, be he a mil- 
lionaire or a day laborer, is a part of the living 



organism. He is one of its members. Let him 
I'ejoice then and see to it that we continue 
taking on bone and muscle, blood and brain ; 
that the body corporate performs its functions 
well and honestly; that it does not stultify it- 
self or abuse and disgrace the powers and duties 
of a living body. 

THE SEMI-CENTENNIAL. 
[Post- Express, June 9.] 
As Webster said at the Bunker Hill monu- 
ment celebration— The orator of the occasion 
stands before us, and is silent. 

Rochester, the Beautiful and the Busy, is the 
best orator and the most striking monument of 
her progress and prosperity. 
" Esto perpetua !" 

A FITTING FINALE. 

[Union and Advertiser, Jmie 11.] 
Rochester's Semi- Centennial jubilee closed 
last evening with a grand banquet at the Pow- 
ers Hotel and a gorgeous street illumination 
later on. Distinguished guests from abroad 
have left for their several homes, admittedly 
bearing with them the favorable impressions 
of Rochester's solid prosperity and cordial hos- 
pitality. On the whole, our celebration has 
been a marked and gratifying success. While, 
however, everybody else has given himself up 
to enjoyment of the events of the past two 
days, the editor, reporter and compositor has 
had double woi'k to do. Parenthetically, it 
may be remarked that it is a pity some fete can- 
not be invented in which all may participate 
without respect or attention to business or call- 
ing of any name or nature. The semi-centen- 
nial proceedings had to be reported and com 
mented upon at length, so that while it lasted 
the newspapers of Rochester were compelled 
to devote double duty as well as double space 
to the event and the occasion. After all, the 
task has been a laboi- love, since Rochester's 
glory is its journalists' highest pride. How 
charmingly interesting, too, have been the pub- 
lished reminiscences, stories, and incidents of 
Rochester's early days — its rise, prosperity, and 
magnificent development! Thej^ tell of our 
city's progress from a savage wilderness to a 
garden of delight — from a trackless forest to a 
leading centre of civilization and commerce ; 
and they have been and will continue to be ea- 
gerly read by hundreds of thousands, not here 
alone, but in every part of the American Re- 
public, where a Rochester man or woman, boy 
or girl, may chance to be. Older citizens, who 
have witnessed the growth of events herein de- 
scribed, almost from the outset, as well as those 
who have known Rochester a shorter time, will 
preserve these records for future pleasurable 
reference. No one can peruse them without 
pardonable pride at what has been accomplish- 
ed by an industrious, enterprising and cultured 
people in but half a century of time. 

How fair a city is Rochester, the goddess of 
the Genesee! P^nthroned upon its banks, the 
incense of her industry, like the perfume of her 
flowers, spreads her fame throughout the 
world. 

OUR CELEBRATION. 

[Sunday Morning Herald.] 

Rochester's serai-centennial celebration was 

a success in its every detail, and reflects credit 

upon those who had its management in charge. 



53 



It has jn'overl of vahie at home and abroad. 
Many of our citizens had but a faint concej)- 
tion of the almost endless variety of connner- 
cial and manufacturinj^ pursuits which are 
carried on within the limits of the city. It is 
long since we have had a procession which 
brought them out, and those who have seen 
former pni'ades nnist liave been struck with the 
great increa.se in variety and imjfortance in the 
la.st few years. Rochester has grown very rap- 
idly in the last decade; more rapidly than dur- 
ing any other i)eriod of its history. Tlie prom 
ineiit gentlemen from abroad who visited us 
and saw the almost endless stream of wagons 
on which were given exhiliitions of Rochester's 
iiidustiial wealth must have gone home with 
better ideas of the importance of tlie city than 
they have had before. Oui-s is an inland city, 
a ([uiet, conservative town, rapid in only one 
thing — piling up the nmnicii)al debt. Not be- 
ing a grain or shipping center, it is but seldom 
that the world's attention is called to us. The 
prevailing imjjression abroad has been that 
Rochestei- wa-s a sort of au over grown village, 
of little imjjortance in the commercial world. 
The fact is, that as a manufacturing center oui- 
city is rapidly going to the front. AVith the 
railroad facilities it now has there is no reason 
why it should not take the lead. If we can 
oidy manage to keep oui" taxes a little nearer 
what they should be we might almost hope that 
the centennial celebration of Rochester will 
show her one of the most important cities on 
the continent. 

ROCHESTER'S GREAT DAY. 
[Sunday Truth.] 

The day came. The day has gone. Never 
before has Rochester beheid such a gala daj', 
such enthusiasm, such generous exhibitions of 
love and respect for our fair city. The pioneers 
who bravely peneti'ated the forests here a half 
century and more ago, felled the wilderness, 
and erected their humble log cabins where now 
stand our spacious mansions and stately blocks, 
never in their wildest flights of fancy dreamed 
that half a century would see on the banks of 
the CTcnesee a city of such beauty and exten- 
sive population, never predicted that an en- 
thusiastic populace would so warmly praise the 
foundations they then laid. 

The growth of Rochester is something to be 
proud of. It ranks to-day among the first 
cities of our country, and is surpassed by none 
in the natural beauty of its surroundings. The 
ceremonies of Tuesday were in all respects ap- 
propriate to the occasion, and will long be re- 
membered. 

Rochester to-day is ripe in the experience 
gained during the fifty years of her life, and 
enters upon her second half century under cir- 
cumstances the most favorable. What the city 
will be fifty years from now who can predict i 
Who can tell how extensive its boundaries, how 
dense its population, how prosperous its peopled 

Of the thousands who participated in the 
ceremonies Tuesday none, in all probability, of 
the adults will live to celeVirate the hundredth 
annivei-sary of our city's life and growth. The 
quietness of Mount Hope and the white-crown- 
ed cemeteries of the city will suiTound them. 
Then- children, many of them, will gladly cel- 
ebrate that day, and will sound the praises of 



the men who to-day are jdaying their honora- 
ble part ni the upbuilding and perfecting of 
Rochester. 

FROM OUTSIDE JOURNALS. 

[Buffalo Courier.] 

The growth of Rochester is thorougldy sound 
and healthy. The city is in the heart of a lin^ 
agricuitm-al lounti-y studded witli happy vil- 
lages and coiiifortable farm liouses. It is ac- 
cessible through a network of eiglit more oi- 
less important railways. ( )nce tlie great mill- 
ing town of the country, it has gradually nnd- 
tiplied the foi-ms of its industries, and is now 
noteti in various branches of manufacture, 
especially in the .shoe and clothing trades. In 
days of old it wa.s the Flour city, but now since 
the development of its great nurseries and seed 
houses it is known as the Flower city. It is a 
beautiful tow^u. Seen from Mount Hope or the 
Pinnacle in midsunnuer it is so coveied with 
the foliage of its shade trees as to look like a 
vast grove. It has no single street as fine as 
Delaware avenue, but it can boast of a few 
handsome thoroughfares, and it has miles of 
streets lined with pretty (hvellings set off by 
n^at gra-ssy dooryards. There are few mean 
quarters in the town. It is good in almost all 
directions. The distinguishing glory of the 
city is that so many of its working people own 
their own homes, and are able to make them 
trim and comfortable. Of cour.se there is pov- 
erty and misery here and there, but we think 
no city ia the world of its size has less of either 
than Rochester. Its char.*cteristics are quiet- 
ude, intelligence, and contented industry. It 
has nearly all the advantages of the modern 
American city in the way of good schools, 
decent churches, commodious hospitals and 
asylums, admirable water- works, and, if they 
may be called advantages, beautiful ceme- 
teries. But withal it must be said that Roches- 
ter is sadly lacking in public spii-it. It has no 
soldiers' monument ; no public library w'orthy 
of the name ; no great hall ; and no park be- 
yond three or four old-fashioned " .-quares,'' 
though the banks of the lower Genesee might 
be turned into a suburban paradise. The rich 
men of Rochester, unlike the rich men of 
buffalo, seem not to have learned that it is 
either their duty or their interest to do any- 
thing for the benefit of the community in 
which thej' have prospered. Perhaps their 
local patriotism may be aroused to some extent 
by the memories and the hopes kindled in the 
excitement of their semi-centennial celebration. 
Never bef<jre has Rochester been so thoroughly 
awake, and so eagei'ly enthusiastic, and the 
fair city in its holiday adornments is indeed a 
pleasant sight. Again we present our best 
wishes and congratulations. 

[Syracuse Staudanl.] 
Rochester is, in a conspicuous way, a type of 
the flourishing American cities which were 
planted b}' the rugged pioneers who, in the 
early years of the century, sought homes in the 
wilderness which then compassed Central and 
Western New York. Numbering now a popu- 
lation of 110,000 soids, our sister city has out- 
stripped many of her companions, and the 
denizens of Rochester do well in setting apart 
two days of this week in which to commemo - 
rate the men and the events that made possible 



1- 



54 



the prosperous Rochester of to-day. Syracuse 
greets her thriving neighbor. 

[Albany Argus.] 
Rochester is the dividing point of tho.se who 
wish to go to Buffalo and of those wtio are bound 
for Niagara Falls. There is no other city in 
the United States which can claim this distinc- 
tion. It is unique. Mijreover, Rochester has 
not only a university, but it has an observ 
atory. That observatory is the manufactory 
of more comets than anv other in the world — 
although in zone work the Dudley Observatory 
here is, in the slang of science, the Boss insti- 
tution of the country. Among the products of 
Rochester have been the Fox sistei-s and Miss 
Susan B. Anthony, with an entail of isms as to 
suffrage, religion and love which has made the 
city a theatre of sciolism equalled by few and 
excellsd by none. Nothing need be said of the 
Powers block or of the encroachments on the 
blue line. There is no other city in the State 
which can equal them. 

[New York Star.] 
Rochester was inebriated with the exuber- 
ance of her pride and patriotism yesterday. 
The culmination of the exercises by which she 
is celeljrating her semi-centennial with so much 
pomp and cu'cumstance was attained at noon. 
Governor Cleveland, the State officials and 
10,000 people from out of town participated in 
the ceremonies. 

[Utica Herald.] 
The Rochester semi-centennial was a com- 
plete success, and the most elaborate demon- 
stration that has ever occurred in Western 
New York. 

[.Albany Express.] 
It is not surprising that Rochester is making 
much of its semi-centennial. The people of 
that town ought to for they have one of the 
finest and most interesting cities in the coun- 
try. 

[New York Mail and Express.] 

Rochester has good reason for celebrating her 
fiftieth birthday with a great demonstration. 
The building of such a (;ity in half a century 
is truly a marvel. 

[New York Graphic (with Illustrations). 

Rochester, the loveliest city in the State, if 
not in the Union, celebrates her semi-centen- 
nial to-day. 



Characteristic ClipiMiiss. 

[From the Daily Nt'wsp;ipers ilufiiis the Cele- 
bration.] 

It is expected that over ;^.000 Knights of Labor 
will appear in IJie procession. 

As the jKjlice authorities anticipate a large 
arrival of thieves in the city, Chief McLean 
advises residents not to leave their houses un- 
occupied Tuesday. 

It should be umlerstood generalh' by this 
time that the school children will not nian^h in 
to-morrow's parade. They will lie massed on 
Church sti(!et during the passage of the proces- 
sion and no longer. 



Sextons are requested by the Mayor and 
general committee to ring their church bells 
from 12 M. to 1 p. m. Monday. They can apply 
for compensation at the ]\iayor's office Wed- 
nesday. 

Mrs. Washington Gibbons has allowed the 
original oil portraits of Colonel Nathaniel 
Rochester and his wife, painted in 1S22, and 
also the portrait of Jonathan Child, to be 
placed in the window of E. Darrow & Co., on 
East Main street. 

Mrs. O. Hanford, who resides with her daugh- 
ter, IVIrs. S. G. Hollister, West avenue, has re- 
sided in this city sixty -two years and she should 
have been invited to and assigned a seat on, the 
reviewing stand with the venerable Mrs. Abe- 
lard Reynolds, who is over one hundred years 
of age. 

One of the special police approached his su- 
perior officer last night with a troubled look on 
his face and asked in a confidential way, " Say, 
put me where there ain't much fighting, will 
you ?" The services of such a man in a crowd 
are most valuable. 

Nehemiah Osburn has resided in this city 
sixty -three years, and no man has done more 
towards building up the city than he, and some 
of the finest buildings in the city are monu- 
ments of his industry. He is still actively en- 
gaged in the erection of buildings, and bids fair 
to pass many more years among us. He was a 
voter in the village of Rochesterville in 1823. 

The executive board requests that merchants 
on streets through which the procession is to 
pass, will remove everything from the walks in 
front of their places of business to-morrow. 
This refers to boxes, barrels, ash receptacles, 
market stuff and merchandise generally. 

Mrs. Elizabeth Cowles, widow of the late 
Norman Cowles, 63 Delevan street, is probably 
the oldest lady teacher i-esiding in Rochester 
to-day. Fifty years ago this summer she was 
teaching on Jackson street in this city, and at 
the present time one of her daughters. Miss E. 
Francis Cowles, is teacher in public school No. 
IS, where she has taught for a number of 
years. 

One of the features of the celebration is the 
decoration of Smith, Perkins & Co., in which 
is displayed a very fine portrait, by Gilbert of 
Elijah F. Smith, the first Mayor of the city 
elected by the people. Previous to that time 
the Mayor of the city was elected by the Com- 
mon Council. E. F. Smith was born in Con- 
necticut, in 1791 and came to Rochester from 
Virginia in 1S2(); in the same year founiling the 
firm of E. F. & A. G. Smith, the predecessors 
of Smith, Perkins & Co. Mr. Smith died in 
ISSO. The ])oitrait is treasured bv the firm, 
for whom it was painted, as one of the best of 
mementoes of the founder of the old house. 

The original historic oil painting, now on ex- 
hibition in the window of Morris' bookstore in 
Powers' Block, is the ai'tistic work of a grand- 
daughter by marriage of Hamlet Scrantom, 
the man who built the log house in 1S12 repre- 
sented in the painting, and stood on the very 
site where Powers' magnificent structure now 
stands. And there is still living one member of 
the original Scrantom family, who with com- 



55 



mendable pride points out the trees, the stumps, 
and cool water spiings around the old log 
house, the very house in which the first white 
couple were married, the bride a daughter of 
Hamlet Wcrantom, the groom the father of the 
late Henry Barnard. 



Rochester of To-Day- 



The subject of Rochester of to-day is a vast 
one, that in detail would make several good- 
sized volumes. The following is a brief but 
comprehensive view of the fourth city in the 
Empire State. The pi-esent (uty boundaries 
include 11, :.'()() acres. The city is divided 
into l<> wanls, and the estimated p()i)idati(jn is 
lO.'J, ()()(). The population is quite cosmoj)oli- 
tan for an inland city. Ne.xt to the native 
born the Germans stand highest in nunibei-s, 
and the Irish next. Following table shows 
the growth in population : 



POPULATION OF THE crrV. 



1K18.. 
1820. . 
1822. . 
182.5. . 
182l>. . 
1830. . 
1834. . 
1840.. 



iC 

30 

13 

48 

50. 

02. 

10,830 1875 81, 

12,252 1880 89, 

20,191 



THE CITY GOVERNMENT. 



331 


1845 


1,049 


18.50 


2,502 


18.55 


2,700 


1800. 


5,2T3 


1865 


7,(it'.0 


18T0 



905 
403 
,8TT 
204 
940 
380 
000 
303 



Cornelius R. Parsons, Mayor. 

Ambrose (;. MeCilachliu, Treasurer. 

H. F. McGUicliliii, Assistant. 

Jolui N. Beckley, City Attornej-. 

G. FortSlocum, Assistant City Atturney. 

Peter Sheriilan, City Clerk. 

Oscar H. Peacock, City Surveyor. 

William H. Siiiit.h, A.ssistaut City Surveyor. 

Frank J. li'wiu. City Mes.senger. 

John Lutes, Overseer of the Poor. 

City Assessors— Jolm Gorton, Valentine Fleckeii- 
stein] William Maher. 

Stephen Rauber, City Sealer. 

Arthur McCorniick, Fire Marshal. 

A. H. Martin, Milk Inspector. 

City Physicians— D. A. Hoard, G. A. Guniberts, 
George D. Benford, Thomas A. Daly, Heni-y M. 
Fenuo, Henry C. Koch. 

COMMON COUNCIL. 

President, ,J. Miller Kelly, 
First Ward— William H. Tracy. 
Second Ward — Martin Barron. 
Third Ward— Anion Bronson. 
Fourth Ward— Charles Watson. 
Fiftli Ward— Henry Kolilnietz. 
Sixth Ward -Elias Slrouss. 
Seventh Ward— Charles A. Jeffords. 
Eighth Ward -John H. Foley. 
Ninth Ward -F. S. Upton. 
Tenth Ward -James M. Pitkin. 
Eleventh Ward— Peter G. Sieuer. 
Twelfth Wai-d- Henry Rice. 
Thirteenth Ward— Christian Stein. 
Fourteenth Ward — James M. Aikenhead. 
Fifteenth Ward— J. Miller Kelly. 
Sixteenth Ward- John B. Sinmielink. 

BOARD OF KDCCATION. 

President— Charles S. Ellis. 

First Ward— John E. Durand. 
Second Ward — James (). Howard. 
Third Ward— Thomas McMillan. 
Pourtli Ward — Homer A. Kingsley. 
Fifth Ward— Charles S. Cook. 



Sixth Ward— Fletcher M. Thrasher. 
Seventh Ward— Milton Noyes. 
Eighth Ward— Thomas A. "Raymond. 
Ninth Ward— William .1. McKelvey. 
Tenth Ward— Charles S. Ellis. 
Eleventh Ward Henry Kleindienst. 
Twelfth Ward -Thomas H. Magiiire. 
Thirteenth Ward— Frederick C. Loebs. 
Fourteenth Ward— August Kinimel. 
Fifteenth Ward— J. P. Riekard. 
Sixteenth Ward— Frank H. Vick. 
Superintendent of Public Schools-S. A. Ellis. 

HEALTH DEPARTMENT. 

Conniiissioners— John W. Martin. E. B. Chace 
Timotliy Derrick, Dr. F. B. (iallery. Dr. Edward M 
Moore, James O. Howard. Kegisti-ar— Alfred Wedd 
Health (tflicer-Dr. J. J. Burke. 



Vincent 
Evans. 



KXCISK C()MM1SSK)NKUS. 

M. Smith, Conrad Herzherger, James P. 



EXECUTIVE HOAKD. 

Samuel B. AVilliams, President. Members— George 
W. AMrldge, Byron Holley. Thomas J. Neville, 
Clerk. Gilbert II. Keynold.s, Street Suiieriiilcndent. 
The Executive Boai'd has charge of Ihe streets, the 
Water Works and hire Depaitments. The city re- 
ceives its water sn|)|)ly from Hemlock lake, twenty- 
eight miles south of the city. Thei-e are |s>.45 miles 
of water pipe laid in the city. 

POLICE UEI'AKTMENT. 

Mayor Parsons, Fredei'ick Zinuncrand Joseijh W. 
Rosenthal, Commissioners. Police Justice, Alhert 
G. Wheeler. Clerk, B. Frank Enos. Chief of Po- 
lice, Alexander MclA'an. Captain, Joseph B. Cleary. 
Brevet-Captain, William Keith. Lieutenants, Bch- 
.jamin C. li'iirtherer, Nicholas J. Loos. John B Davis, 
.lohn A. Baird, ten detectives and seventy -si.\ police- 
men. 

PlUE DEPARTMENT. 

Law. S. Gihson, Chief. James Macolmb and 
Samuel Bemish, Assistants, and sixty-two men 
composing the eight fire companies, besiiles three 
volunteer companies— Alerts, Protectives. Actives. 
There are eighty-flve alarm boxes in use, under the 
chai-ge of Charles R. Finnegan. There are 1,129 hy- 
drants in the city for fire purposes. The apparatus 
c-onsists of seven hose carts, five engines, two hook 
and ladder trucks, one Hayes extension ladder and 
truck, and one canvas and bucket wagon. 

MUNICIPAL COURT. 

Judges Warner and W' liite, elected by the people 
for a term of six years. 

THE city's POLITICS. 

In polities the city of Rochester is divided. Cor- 
nelius R. Parsons, the incumbent of the Mayor's 
office, is Republican, and the office has been iii Re- 
publican hands for years. Ambrose McGlachlin, 
the Treasurer, is Democratic, and this office has 
been unchanged in polities for nearly an equal 
period. The Board of Aldermen has long been 
Democratic, and the Board of Education, with few 
exceptions, of the Republican persuasion. Two of 
the eight members of the Executive Board are of 
the same party. The politics of most of the minor 
offices are determined by the Common Council. In 
Presidential years the city usuallj- goes Republican. 

SCHOOLS. 

The educational system, under the charge of Su- 
periiiteiuleiit S. A. Ellis, consists of a Free Acatlemy, 
Prof. 'A. P. Taylor, princ-ipal; twenty-six grailed 
schools, with 12,700 ,scholars and 288 teachers, five 
Orphan asylums, an Industrial school and a deaf 
mute institute. The University of Rochester is 
presided over by Dr. Jlartin B. Anderson. There are, 
a Baptist Theological Institute, several convents and 
other church schools and many private schools. The 
House of Refuge, a reformat! iry institution for boys, 
ana the Girls' Reformatory are mider charge of the 
State. ' ';> 



56 



CHURCHES. 

There are sixty-five churches or religious socie- 
ties as follows: Presbyterian, 11; Episcopal, 10; 
Methodist, 10: Baptist, 6; Romao Catholic, 11; Lu- 
theran. 4; Jewish, 5: Christadelphian, 2; Congrega- 
tional, 1; Quakers, 3; Universalist, 3; Unitarian, 1; 
Second Adventist, 1 ; Reformed Church, 3. 

INDUSTKIES. 

The chief industries of Rochester are: the manu- 
facture of clothing (over 20 large houses), boots and 
shoes (between 20 and 30 manufactories), tobacco 
(five houses), beer (13 breweries), flour (IS mills), and 
patent medicine. Its thirty-two nurseries cover 
about 1,0(X) acres of land, and its seed business is 
enormous. 

RAILROADS 

Rochester is situated on the following railroads : 
N. Y. C. & H. R. R. R., Rochester & Oenesee Valley, 
Rochester & Pittsburg, Buffalo, New York & Phil- 
adelphia, New York West Shore & Buffalo, Roch- 
ester & Lake Ontai-io, Rome Watertown & Ogdens- 
burg, Rochester & Ontario Belt Bead. 

NEWSPAPERS. 

The newspapers are: dailies, Post-Express, Union 
and Advertiser, Democrat and Chronicle, Morning 
Herald, Yolksblatt (Cerman), and Abend-Post and 
Beobachter (German). Sundays: Herald, Journal 
and Truth ; besides several weeklies and monthlies. 

BANKS. 

There are six general banks, two private and four 
savings. 

SOCIETIES. 

There are twenty Masonic lodges; twenty-three I. 
O. O. F. encampments; eight temperance societies; 
seventeen prouiinent social and pleasiu-e clubs; sev- 
eral bi'anches of the Knights of Labor; Young 
Men's Christian Association; Y'ouug Men's Catholic 
Association; Society of Natural Science; Art Club; 
Art Exchange; Humane Society; Red Cross Society. 

LIBRARIES. 

There are two libraries : The Central, connected 
with the Free Academy, and Reynold's (old Athe- 
naeum). 

BUILDINGS. 

Among the most prominent buildings may be 
mentioned Powers Block, Powers Hotel, H. 11. 
Warner's building, the Elwood block, Rochester 
Savings Bank, Smith & Perkins' building. Ailing & 
Cory, F. Tully. 

STREET CARS. 

The Rochester City & Brighton Railroad Com- 
pany runs W6 cars, two herdics and employs 424 
horses. 

CEMETERIES. 

The cemeteries are Mt. Hope, 33.40" interments, 
Holy Sepulchre, T,2;i0, St. Peter's and St. Paul's, St. 
Patrick's and St, Boniface's. 

THE city's light. 

The city is supplied with gas by three companies. 
There are 2,.'i]('> gas lamps in use, 1,T4U oil lamps and 
270 electric lights. 

TAXES. 

The assessed valuation last vear of real and pei'- 
sonal property was $30,0.)2,370.90; taxes $1,013,534.20 

HOSPITALS. 

There are two hospitals, the City and St. Mary's. 

PLACES OF INTEREST. 

The Powers Art Gallery in Powers Block is the 
finest in Western New York. Prof. H. A. Ward's 
Natural Science Establislunent, near the Univers- 
ity, lias many ctu-iosities. Warner's ( )ljserva- 
toi-y, under the charge of Prof. Lewis Swift, 
is on East avenue. There are two theatres, the 
Corintliian Academy of Music and Grand Opei'a 
Hou.se, Ixjsides a summer garden where entertain- 
ments are given. 



Semi - Centennial Finances 
and Other Matters. 



At the meeting of the Committee on Ways 
and Means,* held June It), 188-1, the following 
list of subscriliers who bore the expense of the 
Semi- Centennial Celebration, and who paid 
their subscriptions, was reported: 

THREE HUNDRED DOLLARS. 

H. H. Warner. 

TWO HUNDRED DOLLARS EACH. 

EUwanger & Barry, D. W. Powers. 

ONE HUNDRKD DOLLARS EACH. 

Hiram Sibley, James Sargent, Smith, Perkins 
& Co. , Henry Bartholomay, James W. Rosen - 
t'nal, Doran, Thompson <& Co. , Burke, FitzSimons, 
Hone & Co., J. W. Whitney, Alfred Ely, W S. 
Kimball & Co., C. B. Wood worth & Sons, Roch- 
ester Brewing Co., Steam Gauge and Lantern 
Co., George H. Thomson & Co., Genesee Brew 
ing Co. , Rochester & Pittsburg R. R. Co. 

FIFTY DOLLARS EACH. 

E. Ocumpaugh, Mensing & Stecher, Strouss, 
Moore & Beir, Michael Filon, J. Judson &. Son, 
James Day, Buck & Sanger, Kelly Lamp Com- 
pany, Elmer E. Almy, Brewster, Goi'don & Co., 
Whitcomb & Crouch, George H. Mumford, 
George W. Archer, Garson, Meyer <& Co., 
Wright & Peters, The Cox Shoe Manufacturing 
Company, F. Goetzman & Co. , Bausch&Lomb. 
Hathaway & Gordon, Frederick Cook, H. H. 
Craig, Estate of Isaac Butts, S. J. Arnold & 
Co., Hatch Patent Crimping Company, Ailing 
& Cory, S. F, Hess & Co., M. F. Reynolds, 
Brewster, Crittenden & Co., B. L. Sheldon, 
D. A. Watson. 

TWENTY- FIVE DOLLARS EACH. 

William Eastwood, Mosler, Bo wen & Co., 
Philip Will, Fee Brothers, E. K. Warren & 
Son, Thomas Bolton, Brooks & Reynolds, Stein, 
Block & Co., Union Clothing Co., Meyer, Loebs 
& Co., S. C. Tibbits, C. H. Babcock, Hollister 
& Co., Alfred Wright, G C. Buell & Co., Ham- 
ilton & Matthews, Weaver, Goss & Co., 
Woodbury, Morse & Co., Hayden & Ha 
vens, Grossman Bros., James Vick, George 
WeMon & Co, Singer Manufacturing Com- 
pany, D. Armstrong & Co., L. Adler Brothers 
& Co., Levi Schwartz & Co., Gibbons & Scone, 
W, H. Glenny & Co., Mrs. M. Gordon, Beck & 
Meyer, George A. Sabey, S. M. Benjamin, 
Byrnes, Dugan & Hudson, S. Millimau, Hagen 



*Secretary Benton of tlie General Committee in- 
forms us of ' a change in the conmiittees made at a 
special meeting. Mr. Gilman IT. Perkins \\as sub- 
stituted on the conunittee on entertainment and re- 
ception in place of Mr. Booth, who was called away 
by illness in his family. Mr. Perkins was made 
chairman of the committee, and was one of the 
most active among those whose imtiring ett'orts 
made the celebration so signally successful. It may 
be added here that the tliauks of the editors are 
due to tlie gentlemen wliu had charge of the two 
days' festivities for information freely given upon 
aU matters connected therewith' and corrections 
made in the published i)roceedings. They have no- 
bly assisted us in our work begun and carried on 
while performing our regulai' duties upon the staff 
of the PosT-ExpRESs. 



57 




REYNOLDS AHl'ADE IN 1S2S. 




i ft is^ii^liJ.M'ift » 

ti,i'i(',i„ill,|,|Il,l;|i 

I y 'ii'g'i'i'ifi'i 




J 




REYNOLDS AHCAUK IN 1S80. 



59 



& Meyers, Reed & Weaver, Whitmoro, Rauber 
& Vicinus, S. N. Oothout, F. M. McFar- 
lin, S. S. Eddy, Louis Ernst & Sou, Vacuum 
Oil Co., John H. Rochester, Gilbert Brady, 
Miithews & Servis, Currau & Goler, Steele & 
Avery, H. F. Huntington, W. B. Morse iKr C'o , 
Stronir, Woodbury & Co , Copeland, Hall <fc 
Co.. \\' illiam Gleason, F. P. Michel, J. Hayden 
it (.'o., Ij. S. Graves & Sou, S. Lieders, Jacob 
Howe, jr.. Co-operative Foundry Co. , Joseph 
Lovecraft & Son, R. M. Myers. C. 
Greeuwood & Co.. J. A. Hinds, 
Woodbury, Booth & Pryor, J. Emory Jones, 
Doyle & Gallery, E. B. Chacc-, E. H. Cook & 
Co., Minges & Shale, J. Fahy & Co., A. V. 
Smith Co. (limited), E. B. Parsous Malting Co., 
Geo. F. Merz, Osgood & Brighani, Allen, Straus 
<fe Co., E. S. Ettenheinier i'^: Co.. Scrautf^m. 
Wetmore & Co. ,A. S. Mann <fe Co., Howe it 
Rogers, Henry I.,ikly & Co , Aid. M. Barrou, 
Cauffman, Dinkelspiel & Co., Miller Brewing 
Co., Simon Hays & Son. A. M. Hastings, Sill 
Stove AVorks, Flanigan & Co., Henry S. 
Hebard. 

FIFTEEN DOLLARS EACH. 

Schnarr & Feiock, Curtis Biothers & Co., 
Albert Beir, Taylor Bros , A. M. Semple. J. G. 
Davis & Son, J. S. Graham it Co., Farley, 
Ferguson & Wilson, Moseley & Motley. Boai"d • 
man, Sherman & Co., Stone & Campbell, A. 
McVean, L. P. & F. A. Ward, H. Michaels. 

TEN DOLLARS EACH. 

Trotter, Geddes & Co , S. Sloan, Russ Coats, 
James Field, J. C. Barnard, Henry Flake, John 
C Moore, J. M. Backus, Frederick Zinnner, 
John H Hill, J. K. Burliugame, S D. Wal- 
bridge, M. McRoden, J. H. Pool, W. S. Mc- 
Millan it Co., John C. King, D. Deav- 
enport, Ballard & Hulbert, M. Lecking- 
er, J. Rice it Sons, J. Stuvenhaver, 
West & Moses, Fred F. Forest, George Klein, 
Edward McSweeney, Henry Heblng, George C. 
Maurer, B. H. Clark, Ira A. Lovejoy, J. George 
Baetzel it Bro. , Frank Kebrig, Martin Briggs 
& Son, J. A. Maxwell, Theodore F. Aldrii-h, 
James O. Howard, L. Sunderlin, John Doyle, 
W. W. Barnard, A. Vogt, Murray <t Rauber, 
McConnell <fc Jones, C. E. Furman it Co., S. S. 
Brewer, Samuel Golding, Casper Wehle, P. 
Fahy, I. Stem & Co. , Connell & Dengler, W. & 
J. M. Aikeiihead, Bryan & Atkinson, P. M. 
Hinman. 



FI\"E DOLLARS EACH. 

J. Taylor & Sons, F. Castleman, John G. 
Sweigel, Straus it Maid, Maiy Mirguet, Dora 
S(;hleber, Sol I^evi, M. A. Zinnuerman, George 
Werner, John Bessunger, F. A. Newton, John 
H. Snjder, Hemy Aman, Boor it Co., A. D, 
Thompson, Olof Oberg, Davenport it Kennedy 
Scotield it Strong, Jacob fSauer, A. Spiehler' 
James McMannis, J. Dittmeier, G H 
Haass. Henry L. Becker, H. A. Kings" 
ley, G. N. " Storms, J. R. Chamberlin- 
Gary. Rose & Co., Coffey Bros., L. P- 
Beck & Ron, Prof. Labossiere, M. Orr, C. W- 
Burt, E. Steinfeld, J. E. Hulbert, M. Mutchler, 
G. Steinfeld, Wolcott & Moore, W. J, Wilcox- 
S. (t J. Cooker, J. J. Stratton, James G. 
Comerford H. Tibhils, Gus Basler. J. G. Luit- 
wieler, John W. Graves, M. N. Van Zandt, 
William Boston, F. Swikehart, R. D. Van 
De Carr. 



TWO DOLLARS EACH. 

J. S. Wilkin, J. J. Thompson, W. Merk, W. 
C. Wehle. 



Total, $6,948. 



The Committee audited and ordered paid 
bills amounting to $4,2:18.91. Besides this bills 
amounting to $1,774.90 were reserved to be 
passed upou later, makin.n' the total amount of 
bills in the hands of the committee $5,998.81. 
In addition to this amount there had been pre- 
viously paid out for nnisic. ineals, and trans- 
portation of bands, $1,142.14, and $6.5.00 for 
postage and checks, bringing the expenditures 
up to $7,205.95. There are a few other bills yet 
to be handed in, but tliere are funds enough 
to pay everything and leave a small balance 
in the hands of the committee. 

During and since the celebration, the Com- 
mittee, on invitation, has received a large 
number of letters (])robably 150) from former 
residents of Rochester, public officials of the 
United States and State, and prominent men 
generally, expressing regret at not being able 
to be present at the celel)ratiou, and congratu- 
lating the city on its semi-centennial. 



A CHRONOLOGICAL HISTORY 01- ROCHLSTER. 

(1616-1884.) 

BY 

WILLIAM MILL LUTLER. 



Let lis contemplate the rise and progress of the beautiful (,'ity of Flowei-s, beginning with tlie period 
when the white man first passed over tlie site of her future greatness, and closing with the joyous oeea- 
sion, wlien for a moment she stopped in her busy career to admire herself in her semi-centennial 
looking-glass : 



1016 to 1630 — White men first known to pjuss 
through here; they were French Cmirtitr des Bois, 
or wood-rangers. 

KUti— In tliis and the following year De La Roche 
Dallion, a Franciscan, passed the winter among the 
Neuters (Neutral Nations) who occupied the terri- 
tory west of the Lower Genesee. 

li>;32— C'hamplaiu published the first map of West- 
ern New York. 

1647— Long visit of Brebeuf, the French Jesuit 
missionary, co the Neuters. The Senecas attacked 
the Neuters. 

16.57— Lower Genesee territory, then occupied by 
the Senecas, visited by French Jesuits; missions 
established. 

1662-3— Grand Indian expedition up the Genesee. 

166H— A deputation of Senecas from the Lower 
Genesee visited Montreal. 

1669— La Salle, the French explorer, paid his 
first visit to Irondequoit Bay. 

1670 — La Salle's second visit to Irondequoit Bay; 
he traded with the Indians. 

1683- A French Jesuit priest had an exciting es- 
cape from the hostile Senecas, through Irondequoit 
Bay. 

1684 — Thomas Dongan, Governor of New York, 
set up the arms of England in Seneca villages. 

1687— An expedition numbering 1,800 whites and 
400 Indians, headed by De Nonneville, Governor of 
New France (now Canada), met in Ironde(iu<>it Bay 
300 Western Indians (enemies of the Senecas) and 
170 Voi/reur des Bois; the invaders ravaged the Sen- 
eca towns, but lost 100 white men and ten Indians; 
the Senecas lost about eighty warriors; after tak- 
ing possession of the country in the name of the 
French king, De Nonneville departed. 

1688— Montreal destroyed by a Seneca expedition 
from the Lower Genesee country, out of revenge for 

De Nonneville's invasion. Iroquois delegation 

visited Montreal to agejee on terms of jieace. 

1697 — Peace between the French and English. 

1716— The French occupied the Irondeiiuoit Bay 
country and erected Fort des Sables. 

1720— In the winter of this year Sieiir de Joncaire, 
on his way to Niagara, was quartered on the river, 
in canoes. 

1721 — Father Charlevoix passed the mouth of 
the Genesee and described the river; the English 
built a fort at Irondequoit and visited tlie (Genesee 

Falls. Governor Burnet, desiring to improve the 

good humor of the Indians in this locality, fitted 
out a colony of t^^u persons, who, headed by a son 
of Peter Schuyler, became the first English settlers 
in Western New York, on the shore of Lake Ontario; 
£500 was spent on the expedition. 

1740— Lower Genesee sold to the King of England 
by the Indians. 

1759— British troops and Indians, under General 
Prideux and Sir William Johnson, on their way to 
subdue Fort Niagara, camped at Irondequoit. 



1764— Ultimate peace declared between the Eng- 
lish and the Senecas. 

1779— Tory Rangers (Butler's) pursued over the 
site of Rochester l)y the scouts of General Sullivan, 
who had invaded the uiiddle Genesee country. 

1788— Lands in this vicinity (nearly all on the 
east side of the riven acciuired by Oliver Phelps and 
Nathaniel Gorham, who purcliased the jireemption 
1 ight from the State of Massachusetts for t'300,- 
000 (afterwards reduced one-third); the land was 
ceded to them on condition that they extinguish the 
Indian title, which they did "uy giving S5,000 and an 
annuity of S.")00 for ever to tlie Seneca,s; the pur- 
chase included twelve by twenty-four miles on the 
west side, and of this Phelps and Gorham gave 
Ebenezer or " Indian " Allan 100 acres at the falls as 
a bonus. 

1789— Ebenezer Allan erected a saw and grist mill 
on the l(K)-acre tract; the old mill-stones now form 
the foundations for two lamp posts in front of the 
City Hall: Allan became the first white settler of 
Rochester, and from what can be learned of him he 
would be an imtlesirable citizen to-day; he was 
one of Butler's Tory Rangers, and Mary 
Jeniison, the white woman so long a 
captive among the Indians, says of him: "I have 
often heard him confess crimes, the rehearsal of 
which made by blood curdle;" among other 
atrocious acts, he beat a boy to death and tried to 
send one of his white wives, of whom he had tired, 
over the falls. He was not an Indian, as his nick- 
name might imply. 

1790 — Records show that in this year Messrs. 
Hunt, Ely, Pomeroy and Breck purchased the 20,000 
acre ti act, now a part of the city. 

1792— Ebenezer Allan removed to Mt. Blorris; his 
successor as miller of the Geii'^see, was ('hristopher 
Dugan. William Hencher built the first cabin be- 
tween the Genesee river and Fort Niagara, at the 
mwuth of the Genesee. 

1795— Aaron Burr visited the Genesee Falls. 

1796— Four families (Elijah Kent, Simon King, Eli 
Granger and Thomas Kingi settled at Ilanford's 

Lauding. Oliver Culver visited Irondequoit Bay 

and the Genesee. 

1797— First log house built on the site of Roches- 
ter by Colonel Josiah Fish, near the present aque- 
duct. Louis Philiijpe of France and his brothers, 

the Duke de Muutpensier and Count Beanjolais, 
visited the Genesee Falls. 

1798— Jeremiah ( ilmstead raised the first crop of 
grain on Rochester .soil, south of the House of 

Refuge. .ludge .John Tryon founded Tryon Town, 

at the head of Irondequoit Bay; this ambitious 
" city " was killed b}' the development of the water 

power at the falls. Eli Granger built the first 

American vessel on the Genesee. 

1799— Four families (Asa Dayton, Stephen Lusk, 
John Boyd and Af a Dunbar, the latter a mulattoiin 
possession of Tryon Town. 



62 



1802— Nathaniel Rochester, AVilliam Fitzhiip:h and 
Charles Carroll bought (he lOO-acre lot of Sir Wil- 
liam Pultney for $17.50 per acre. 

1804— Castle Town founded at the Rapids. Oli- 
ver Culver purchased the goods of the Tryon Town 
merchants and traded with the Indians at C'leve- 
land. 

180.5— First g-reat flood on record. 

1807 — First block hotise erected by Charles Har- 
ford, on Mill street He also built a small mill 

near the high falls. Simon Pier.son, who had come 

from Connecticut witli oxen and a cart, stopjjed 
over night in an unoccupied hut about where the 
Court House now stands; next morning he shot a 
bear on the spot and moved on, settling at South 
Bergen, now Genesee county. 

1808— Enos Stone built a saw mill on the east bank 
of the Genesee near the present Aqueduct. 

1809— The Legislature passed a bill for a bridge 
across the Genesee at the falls. 

1810— In March Enos Stone and Jacob Miller set- 
tled in Rochester. Mr. Stone erected the first 

frame house iu Rochester, on the East "side. 

May 4th, James S. Stone, the first white child, born 
in the town of Boyle, now Brighton, from which the 

city east of the Genesee has been taken. Col. 

Nathaniel Rochester and his associates laid out the 

100 acre tract and began selling lots. DeWitt 

Clinton visited Tryon Town, the Genesee Falls (as 
Rochester was then known).andCharlotteburg. which 
had been named in honor of Charlotte Troup, 
daughter of the agent of the Pultney estate. 
First store opened by Mr. Hanford, at Han- 
ford's Landing. George H. Evans built a cabin 

near the present site of St. Mary's hospital. 

Isaac W. Stone built the first tavern on the 
east side, on what is now South St. Paul street, near 
Ely street. 

1811— Benjamin Evans, son of George H. Evans, 
born ; he is one of three for whom the honor of be- 
ing "the first white cliild born in Rochester" is 
claimed.— Erastus Spaulding erected the first hotel 

at the month of the rivei-. .John Blastic, the first 

lawyer, removetl here. 

1812— First house erected, for Hamlet Scrantom 
by Henry Skinner-, on the west side of the river, on 

the present site of Powers's block. First public 

Fourth of July celeViration. Abelard Reynolds 

appointed the first Post-master and l)egan a frame 
house; at the s;iiue time he erected the fii-st ])lank 
house on the west side of the river; both upon the 

present site of the Arcade. First bridge built 

across the Genesee at Rochester (then known as 

Falls Town). Handet Scrantom, wife and six 

children arrived. James B.Carter erected the first 

blacksmitli shop. Jehiel Barnard, the first tailor, 

made the first coat for Francis Brown First 

weekly mail delivery established between Rochester 
and Caiiandaigua. 

181:! — Projected invnsion by the British, under 
Connitodore Ye<>. abandoned at Chai-lotte uixm the 

arrival < if Admiral (ihauncey's fleet. J. K. Bal- 

lentine (now residing nearScottsville) removed here 
from Pennsylvania, and with a yoke of oxen and 
plow broke up the land near the place where 

Powers's bloclc now stands Dr. Jonah Brown, 

first physician arrived. First schnul taught Ity 

Miss Iluldali M. Strong. The Seneca liidiuns cel- 

ebi'ated their annual feast (^tbe .sacrifice of the dog) 

for the last time in the village. First public 

worship held in the ujiper story of Jehiel Bar- 
nard's tailor shop. City Mills erected by Eras- 
mus I). Smith. 

1814 Birth of Mortimer F. Reynolds (Deceml)er 
2d), thii first white child I»f)rn on the west side of 
the river within the jii-ecincts of the present city. 

Second threiitened invasion by the British lui- 

der Commodore Yeo; Colonel Isnac W. Stone and 
Captains \<\ Brown nnd Elish;\ i'lly, of Rochester, 
marched to Charlotte with thirty-three men and an 
18 pounder, and by mehus of strateg.v impresstMl the 
enemy with their apparent great strength; after a 
skirmish with cannon, and plenty of defiance on the 

l)art of the Rochester heroes, Yeo departed. 

About this year Ebenezer Allan died in Upper 
Canada. The first school house built. Jacob 



Howe arrived in the village; he still survives at the 
age of 74, and has resided on Fitzhusfh street con- 
tinuously for 71 years. 

1815— Erection' of the old Red Mill, by Josiah Bis- 

sell, jr., Harvey KIj- and Elisha Ely. 

First wedding (October 8th), Delia Scrantom 

to Jehiel Barnard. First tavern opened on 

the west side by Abelard Reynolds. First 

religious society (Presbyterian) organized. Fii'st 

bookstore ojiened by Horace L. and George 

G. Sill. First census taken; popidation, 331. 

The first house, other than wood, erected by 

Samuel J. Andrews: it was a stone structure on the 

corner of Main and St. Paul streets. Erastus 

Cook, the first watchmaker and jeweler, arrived 

The first stage ran between Rochester and Canan- 
daigua. 

1816— Completion of the cotton factory, with 1,392 
spindles. Brown's race finished. -First news- 
paper, the weekly Gazette, established. Elisha B. 

Strong and Elisha Beach bought 1,000 acres of land 

and founded Carth.age village. Captain liUshier 

ran the first steamboat (the Ontario) into the Port 
of Genesee, stopping there regularly on his trips 

from Sackett's Harbor to Lewistoii. The first 

stage ran to Lewiston. Moses King taught the 

first school in Frankfort. Jacob Howe enga.ged 

in the bakery business. 

1817 — Incorporation of Rochesterville. The first 

church (Pi'esbyterian) Imilt on Carroll (now State) 

street. John B. Klein, and wife arrived direct 

from Germany, being the first German set- 
tlers. St. Luke's Episcopal Church founded. 

The first fire company formed. The 

Friends' (Hicksite) Society organnized. Wells 

Lodge, No. 282, F. and A. M., instituted. 
First null on the ea-st side built by Wil- 
liam Atkinson, on South Water street. .Tohn.son's 

dam and mill race built. John G. Bond erected 

the first house west of Sophia street. 

181 S-— The second weekly newspaper, the Roches- 
ter Tehgraiili, established. The great bridge biu'lt 

over the river at " Carthage;" it was 718 feet long, 

.30 feet wide and consisted of a single arch. Col. 

Nathaniel Rochester arrived with his family. 

Fir.st Baptist Church founded.— First village watch 
organized; it consisted of Matthew Brown, jr., Ros- 
well Hart. William P. Sherman, Moses Chapin, 

Daniel Mack and Hastings R. Bender. Toll bridge 

built over the Genesee above the upper falls.—— 

Second village census; 1,049 inhabitants. Mis. 

Phineas T. Smith, who is still living, at 4Jy Frank 

street, arrived in the village. Hamilton Chapter, 

No. 02, R. A. M., organized. First uniformed rifie 

company formed. First biu'ving-grouud selected. 

First Sunday School organized with thirty 

puijils. 

1819— Surveys made for the route of the Erie 

canal through the village. Cleveland's mill built 

on the east side of the falls. Isaac W. T^eonard, 

who is still alive, arrived here. First lire in Roch- 
ester. Decemlier 5tb; building owned by A. Reyn- 
olds burned. 

1820 — There being two Post-Oflices called Roch- 
ester in the State, the tjuestion, which shoidd be 
abolished, arose; the one in Ulster <-oimty yielded 

gracefull\ and was changed to Accord. Carthage 

bridge fell; a suspension bridge was built near the 
old site. — The Twenty sci'oud Regimeiit of Ritle- 

men (the first of the kind in the State) orgaiuzed. 

.Judge Roger Skinner presided at tlie first term of 

the United States District Court held here. St. 

J'atrick's Church founded; also the First M. E. 

Church. Population of the village, according to 

the United States census, 1,.502. 

1821- "Seneca'' Allan appi'ared in Rochesterville, 
claiming to be a descendant of Ehenezcr Allan and 
the owner of certain lauds within the village limits; 

he died l)efor(> his claim could be prosecuted. 

Moiu'oe comity ci'eated out of part of Genesee and 

Ontario counties. Tlie first canal aqueduct built 

by William Button; cost, Sn3,000. Monroe County 

]5ible Society foiuided; its custom of giving Bibles 
to those who were unable to buy was the Iteginiung 

of the American Bible Society scheme. The site 

of the present City Hospital selected as a burying 



63 



ground, the property being received from Roswell 

Hart, in exchange for the first burial ground. ■ 

Thomas Rochester and Harvey Montgomery erect- 
ed a mill with three run of stone. — -J<"irst county 
court held. — First canal boat left the village. 
Cliarles J. Hill built the first brick build- 
ing in Rochester on South Fitzhugh street. L. A. 

AVard opened the first insurance office. Monroe 

County Medical Society organized. 

18^3— Rochesterville dropped the "ville"and be- 
came Rochester. The County Court House com- 

|)!cted. The fii-st boat load of flour left Hill's 

Basin fur Little l''alls, on the canal. 'J'lic first .jail 

built by iianiel l..oomis. Tlie Society of Friends 

erected a house for public worship, an(l the Method- 
ists did likewise. The Rochester l<'emale Cliarit- 

ablc Society founded. 

1H23— First meeting in favor of nominating John 
Quinc.y Adams for the Tresidency held In Rocli- 
ester; the Rochester Teltfinijili was the first to place 

his name at the liead of its columns. Meeting 

lield at the Mansion House to afford aid to tlie 
Greeks; $1,500 raised in the county. - First cattle 

show and fair held in Jlonroe county. St. I'at- 

rick's Roman Catholic Church Ijuilt. Samuel 

Currier threw himself over the Lower Falls. 

1824— The IJank of liochester incorporated, being 

the first one chartered outside of New York city. 

Aristarchus c;hampii>n, Josiali I'.issell, jr., and A.W. 
Rlle.v formed a company to establish a line of six- 
day stages, in opposition to Sunday travel; the 

undertaking was not a success. Water let into 

the Krie canal; cannon planted at intervals along 
the line, were fired in regulai- succession, conveying 
the news from HulTalo to New York in IJ^ liours; in 
Noveud)er (Jovernor (Uinton passed througli here 
with a flotilla of canal l)oats; reception accorded 
him at the old a((ueduct by citizens of Rochester 
on tlie t-aual Ixiat Young Lion of the West.—St. 
I^uke's CIkum'Ii erected. — The If'irst Presbyterian 
Society's new church finished; it occui)ied the pres- 
ent site of the City Hall. 

182r>. — A \'iiginian named Tousey brought some 
tomato seed to Rochester and after growing the 
new vegetable here for the first time, in\iled a 
nmuber of guests (Thurlow Wee<i among others) to 

liaitake of the dish at Christopher's Tavern. 

Lafa.yette visited the village, couuiig from tlie West 
on a packet; the village and surrounding towns 

gave the illustrious l''reuchmau a giand ovation 

'J'he old museum building on i^'-xchange street 

erected. First dramatic performance given in 

the "Circus" on P^xchange street, which liad been 
turned into a theater and was openetl with "The 
Mountaineers, or Love and Madness," November St. 
The miestion whether the village should ap- 
ply for a charter as a city first agitated. Second 

Preslivtei-ian, afterwards known as tlie Brick 
chvmh. founded. Yillage census (taken in Febru- 
ary) 4,274; State census (t ken iu .\ugust) .").2T3 

18:.'ti— The dissenting >Iethodists built a meeting- 
house. The Rochester l)(iihj A(/ver//x<r, the first 

daily paper between Albany and the Pacific Ocea-n, 
established The village census showed a popula- 
tion of r,(;(in. On May I.")th, "the theater," 

opposite the IMansion House, was ojieued; Edmund 
Kean first plaved there .July Itfh, in the "Iron 
Chest;"' and Thomas Hamblin followed as Jtolkt. 

Eonieo and Williain Tell. Sept. VZ. abduction of 

William Morgan, a former resident of Rochester, 
from the jail at Canandaigua; three of the 
abductors pleaded guilty and the fourth was con- 
victed. The first village directory puhlislied. 

Franklin Institute, first imiiortant literary asso- 
ciation, organized — Sanniel Works chosen first 

Chief of the fire department. The first Court 

street bridge built. Monroe Commandery, K. T., 

orgasized. Klias Shelmire's mill erected. 

1827— Timothy Chilils nominated for Member of 
Assembly for "Rochester by tlie Monroe Comity 
Convention of anti-Masons and elected by a major- 
ity of 1.700. Oct. 7, a corpse discovered on the 

beach of Carleton. Orleans county, identified as 
that of IMorgan by his wife, the investigating com- 
niittee and the coroner's jury. The hotly ex- 
humed and identified as that of Timothy Munroe, of 



Canada, by his widow\ The Daily Advertiser 

credited Thur'ow Weed with saying the corpse wa.s 
" a good enough Morgan till after election." Mr. 
Weed repudiated the phrase, claiming that what he 
did say was, "That is a good enough Morgan for us 
until you bring back the one you have carried otT." 

The Third Presbyterian Society founded; also, 

Monroe | St. Paiirs Kpiccopal. — Publication of the Roches- ' 

ter IJruftKiiiun commenced. First inspection of 

the Fire department. First insurance on public 

buildings effected. Thomas IM. Rathbun killed at 

the burning of Peck"s paper mill. December 21, be- 
ing the first fireman fatally injui-ed. — A big mill 
built by Messrs. Beach, Keiiipshall and Kennedy. 

1828 -(ireat numbers of clergymen and others re- 
nounced the Masonic order. Julius Catlin.a young 

artist, drowned while sketching the lower falls. 

Warham Whitney constructed a strap and bucket 
elevator for carrying wheat into a warehouse near 
Brown street; prol)ably the first grain elevator in 

Ameiica Re.ynol(ls" Arcade erected. The first 

public temperance meeting held in Rochester. 

Orthodox Friends Society organized. The 

old Brick Chui-ch erected. The Rochester 

Balance published. George H. Hill anmsed 

large audiences at the Rochester Circus 

with his Down-ICast Yankee impersonations. 

Amount of assessed real and personal property in 
the village, Sl,7t37.:ll.5. 

18"2'J- All Masonic institutions in Rochester and 
thesui-rounding country surrendered their charters 

and ceased to e.xist. Sam Patch, after having 

successfull.\- plunged over Trenton I'alls at Pater- 
son, N. J., and half the height of Niagara I'alls, re- 
peated the penformance at (jenesee Falls, Novem- 
ber 8th, in company vi-ith a tame bear; on the 13th 
of the same month he again essayed the feat, 
fioin a scatTold twenty-five feet higher tnan the falls 

and was killed in th(! attempt. Law librar.y 

founded by Chancellor Walworth. Roc-hester 

Athena/nm organized. The erection of (Jrace 

(afterwards St. PauTs) Episcopal Church, begun. 

Bank of Monroe incorporated. Eagle tavern 

built. 

1830— The mangled body of Sam Patch found at 
the mouth of the river aiid buried in the cemetery 

at Charlotte. Joseph Smith visited the Rochester 

Tihrifiiiili office and ti'ied to makf^ arrangements 
for the printing of the "Book of Mormon," the 
golden plates of which he professed to have dis- 
covered in the woods near Palmyra, after receiving 
directions concerning them in a vision; Thurlow 
Weed looked upon him as craz.y or a very shallow 
impostor and declined to become the publisher. (E. 
B. Grandin, of Palmyra, printed the book the same 

year). St. Paufs chiu-ch finished and consecrated. 

The last wild wolf in the countr.y killed near 

Irondcfiuoit, after being himted five days by nearly 

100 persons from Rochester. Henry ( >Re"illy first 

denounced Mormonism in the Rochester /Ayy/W/rrt/f. 

A committee appointed to bring the subject of 

high schools before the Legislatiu'e. — —William A. 

Reynolds established the first seed house. St. 

Pairick"s church rebuilt. The old Rochester 

theater on State street turned into a liverj- stalde. 

1831— Colonel Nathaniel Rochester died, Ma.y 31. 

The first cargo of wheat brought from Ohio to 

Rochestei'. Monroe Horticultinal Society organ- 
ized, Oct. 8. Incorporation of the Rochester 

Canal and Railroad (.Company, commonly known as 

the Rochester and Carthage Railroad Company. 

Samuel L Selden elected the first judge of Common 
Pleas of Monroe. Reformed Presbyterian So- 
ciety formed. Rochester Savings Bank incor- 
porated. 

1832— The first year of the cholera in this locality; 
118 died dtu'ing the summer, eighty of the number 
being placed in their coffins by Ashliel W. Riley, 
nearly always unaided and alone; he was a member 

of the Board of Health formed that year. The 

Rochester <t Tonawanda Railroad Company char- 
tered. First Presbyterian Free Church organ- 
ized. — -Rochester Seminary organized 

18:i3— Fifty-four more deaths from the cholera. 

A charit.v school established by the Society of 

St. Ltike's Church for the free education of poor 



64 



children The Rochester & Carthage (the first) 

railroad finished; horses furnished the motive 
power. Frederick Starr and Joseph Halsey, fire- 
men, were granted the first exemption papers. 

1834 — Rochester incorporated as a city. The 

Common Conncil and Supervisors elected .June 2d. 

. Jonathan Child elected Mayor by the Whigs 

in Common Council, .June 9th; (he took the 
oath of office the next day); grand celebra- 
tion held ou Brown's Island, betwet^n Brown's 
race and the "river, where ;^,000 people made 

merry. Sidney Smith elected first Police 

Justice. The old market destroyed by fire. 

Main street bridge rebuilt. Hook and Ladder 

Company No. 2 organized. Organization of St. 

Mary's Roman C'atliolic, Second Baptist, German 
Lutheran Zion's, and Abyssinian colored church 
societies. — —Rochester Dai/// Dfmocrai establislied. 

Name of Second Presbyterian Church changed 

to Brick C!hurch. - — The river steamboat Genesee, 
capable of carrying 300 passengers, built and nm 
from the rapids to Geneseo for sevei-al seasons.- 
Rochester contained 1.300 houses, besides pub- 
lic buildings, Vi churches, court-house, jaii, market. 
two banks and a museum: assessed valuation of 
property (real and personal) $2,.5.>3,211. 

183.5— MayorChild resigned, owing to the fact that he 
was opposed to granti ng licenses for the sale of intox- 
icating liquors and the Common Council in favor of 

the same General .Jacoli Gould elected Mayor, 

A great Hood did vast damage to hay and corn 

as well as to goods in cellars on Buffalo street; the 

new bridge at. the lower falls was swept away 

Rochester Academy of Sacred Music organized. 

Citv boundaries extended. — -Colonel Thomas Mea- 
cbam, of Sandy Creek, Oswego county, tendered as 
a gift to Rochester a n^ammoth cheese, which was 
sold: the amount realized by ci'mpetition for it. 
$1,2.37.83. formed the beginning of the Meacliam 
fund for widows and orphans of firemen, and 

for disabled firemen. Thomas Emerson and 

Jacob Graves built the Crescent milis on 

South Water street. St. .Joseph's (Terman 

Catholic Church Society founded. Third Pi-esby- 

terian Church buill ; also the First Methodist Church 
on the corner of Buffalo and Fitzhugh streets 

1836— The city paid $.').;^86 for fifty four acres of 
land for a cemetery, which was named Mount 
Hope Ijy the late Ijyman B. Jjangworthy. 

The first Andrews street liridge built. ^A 

Frenchman named Ijauriatt made the first balloon 
ascension, Mayor Gould re-elected. Mechan- 
ics' I>iterary Association organized. The first 

locomotive arrived by canal. Rochester Musical 

Society organized, B. C. Brown director. Central 

Presbyterian Church Society founded. Pioneer 

Rifle Comjiany organized about this year ; they sub- 
sequently fought tlie famous (l)loodless) battle of 
Tod-Waddle, in which they captured a solitary 
darkey. 

1837— A financial crisis caused much suffering. 

Suppression by Gen. Scott of the Navy Island raid, 
in which persons from Rochester had .ioined; Wil- 
liam Lyon McKenzie, the leader the (Janadian so- 
called rebellion, lodged for a time in the Blue 
Eagle in tliis city.— — William Lyman killed by Oc- 
tavius Barron, (Oct. 23) this being the first nuu-der in 
Rochester. The Rochester < )rplian Asyliuu or- 
ganized under the name " Female Association for 

the Relief of Orphan and Destitute Children." 

Erection of the new market bouse on Mason (now 
Front) street, liegun.— Asbury M. E. Cliurcli soci- 
ety founded. City Bank built. Distincticm be- 
tween Aldermen and Assistant Aldermen abol- 
ished. 

1838. — Murder nund)er two occurred May 4, when 
Austin Squiers shot and killed bis wife.— — Barron 

hanged .lunea.'i. — —Squiers banged NovemberS'.t. 

The first foundry started by William 11. Cheney. 

Henry O'Reilly i)ublislied his Sketches < if Rochester, 

with incidental Notices of Western New York. • 

The Rochester Anti-Slavery Society formed. — 
New .iaii ei-ected. Genesee Valley Canal com- 
pleted. First person buried in Mouiit Hoi)e; cem- 
etery dedicated October 2d. Miss Mary B. Allen's 

seminary opened on the present site of the Warner 



building. The Rochester Union Grays and Roch- 
ester City Oadets (afterwards Light Guards) formed 
out of the Pioneer Rifles. 

183)— The Liberal party formed under the leader- 
ship of Myron Holly. The Rochester Freeman 

established. Famous (bloodless) battle of Lyell 

Bridge fought between the Cadets rnd Union Grays, 
for a bass di-um. 

1840 — A Semi-centennial celebration commeraor- 
atmg the settlement of Western New York was held, 

March 16. The Reformed Presbyterian Church 

Society founded. First carload of freight left on 

the Rochester and Auburn Railroad; depot of the 
road built here; first rime-table published Septem- 
ber 8. George B. Ben.iamin and .John Eaton, fire- 
men, killed at the burning of the Curtis building. 

Western New Y'ork Agricultural Society organized. 
(icrman Grenadiers organized. 

1841 — The remains of patriot soldiers, a detach 
ment of Sullivan's army, massacred by the Indians 
and Tories, exhumed in Livingston county and 
Iniried in Mount Hope, with imijo.sing ceremonies. 

Myron Holly, one of the founders of the Jjiberty 

party, died. Elijah F. Smith, first Mayor elected 

iiv the people. Board of Education organized, 

with Levi A. Ward, President, and I. F. Mack, Su- 
perintendent. The public schools organized un- 
der the new system, with .34 teachers and 2,300 
pupils. First Unitarian Church Society organ- 
ized. Genesee Lodge, I. O. O. F., (the first Odd 

Fellows lodge in Rochester) instituted. Ellwang- 

er & Barry engaged in the nursery business. 

The first brewery established by Daniel Warren. 

1842— Jesse Hawley, a resident of Rochester vil- 
lage and the original projector of the overland 
route of the Erie canil. died at Cambria, Niagara 

county. A duel fought on Pinnacle hill; one man 

hiu't; names not given. The new aqueduct fin- 
ished at a cost of $600,000. The Rochester &Ton- 

awanda Railroad completed to Attica. St. Mary's 

Roman Catholic Chiu'ch founded. Teoronto 

Lodge. Monroe Rebecca Degi'ee Lodge, and Mount 

Hope Encampment (all I. O. O. F.) instituted. 

Thomas Mercer opened the first daguerreotype 
gallery. 

1843— Mass meetings held in favor of Irish free- 
dom and the repeal of her union with England. 

.John Quincy Adams visited Rochester .July 27. 

Masonry revived in this city. St. Peter's and 

Paul's Roman Catholic Church, Our Lady of Victory 
(French) R<jman Catholic Church, and Berith 

Kodesh temple founded. Firemen's lot pui'chased 

in Mount Hope. 

1844— Joseph Marsh came to Rochester in the 
spring and started a weekly paper, The Voice of 
7>'(/W. devoted to Millerism; the new faith made 
many converts; on Octolier 25th the Millerites gath- 
ered in Tallmau's Hall to aw.ait the end of the 
world; a rabble gathered outside and the police had 

to interfere. First telegraph office opened in 

Rochester by the New Y'ork, Albany and Biiftalo 

Telegraph company Daily American established. 

The census showed a population of 23,.5.'>3- 

an increase of 3,3.'J8 in three years. Death of Levi 

W. Sililey, a pioneer. Three hundred and ten new 

buildings erected during the year. 

181.5— Convention of the Western New Y'ork Anti- 
Slavery Society, February .5, 6 and 7. An "anti- 
gambling" society organized May 21. John C. 

tlhumasero issued the fli-st novel, "The Mysteries 

of Rochester;" William Beach publisher. ^Trinity 

Episcopal Church founded. — Rochester City Lodge, 
I. O. O. F., instituted. 

181C>— The i)rinters of W'estern New Y'ork held 
their first festival and celebrated Franklin's birthday 

in grand style. Rev. Ashbel Baldwin, the oldest 

ordained Episcopal minister, in the United States, 
died in this city. Western House of Refuge es- 
tablished. — Jonathan Child brought the first coal 

to Rochester tor use in furnaces and foundries. 

First Universalist Church founded. — Valley Lodge, 
F. A. M., instituted 

1817— CJaptain Wilder organized a company for 

service in the Mexican war. The Society of 

Pioneers organized, with Enos Stone as President. 
The mortality for the year was 747, a death- rate 



65 



/P%.^ 




JONATHAN CHILD. 



Jonathan Child, tliR first Mayor of Rochester, was born in ITS.'), in Vermont. He was of 
pure New England parcjilage and of Puritan liiioage. His ancestoi-s turned their backs upon 
English intolerance in l(i:!(), landed in I'oxbury, Mass., and settled at AVocKlstock, in the north- 
eastern corner of Connecticut. Colonel Jonathan Child, his grandfather, and eight sons, (ireen 
Mountain boys, enlisted as patriot soldiers in th(^ Revolutionary War and t<jok i)art in the battles 
of Lexington, Binikei- Hill, in I'ennsyhauia and at l^ake Chaniplain. The grantlson, Jonathan 
Child, the subject of this sketch, served his country during the war of 1812, with a commission 
of Major, and wa-s pre.seiit at the battle of Poi-t Erie. Mr. Child, on leaving his New England 
home, went to TTtica and taught school, and thence moving to West Rloomfield, Ontario county, 
engaged in mercantile business. He afterward moved to Perrry, Wyoming county, and then to 
Charlotte. He was elected Member of Assembly twice from (hitario county, in bSK) and 1S17. 
He married a daughter of Colonel Rochester in isis, and came to Roche^ster t-o live in 1820. Here 
he was a merchant and contractor, and among other enterprises in which he was engaged he 
built the locks in the Eiie Canal at fiOckport. He was a prominent member of the Masonic fra- 
ternity. He held no public oflice in Monroe county until elected by the Connuon Council as 
Mayor. He was elected as a Whig. His administration of nnnnci])al affairs was distinguished 
by great personal integrity and firmness. He was reappointed in 18:55 for one year from that 
date, but the Common Conncil being Democratic in 1835, he resigned his office, principally be- 
canse he was unwilling to sign as many licenses for the sale of intoxicating liquore as the Council 
desired. After retiring from the ISfayoralty, he h(>ld no public position except that of Superin- 
tendent of the Poor for a single term. He died in 18()0. He was a man of fine presence, of cour- 
teous mannei-s, and of the most upright character. 



67 



of more tliau 2V^ per cent. — Tlie new railroad 
bridge of the Auburn & Roohester railroad built 

across the river. City Hospital incorporated. 

St. Paul's Church burred. John P. Fox and two 

of his daufrhters. Margaret and Kate, who had 
moved into the house of Michael Weekman. at 
Hydesville, Wayne county, began to hear mysteri- 
ous noises. 

1848— Kate Fox. March 31, answered the rai)pings 
at Hydesville and established her allegeil comnui- 
nication with the spirit world: considerable excite- 
ment ensuing: in the neighbdrhond over the "spook 
business," Jlrs. Fish, another daughter, brought 
the family to Rochester and they occupied a house 
on Troup street, where the noises, henceforth 
known to the world as "Rochester Kappings." 
, contauued: Isaac Post, Amy Post. R. D. .loncs. 
John E. Robinson and fieorge Willits foi-nied 



the first Spirit lu^Iistic 
P. Pierce, a young 
niysteriously murdered 
the river; the murdercT 



organization. Porter 

woolen manufacturer, 
; his body found in 
never discovered. Abi- 
gail B\ish presided in this city over the second 

Woman's Rights Convention in the State. The 

office of Superintendent of Schools made elective. 

Monroe Commandery revived. The present 

St. Paul's church erected. The Rochester gas 

company organized and works built: the first gas 

consumA- was C. A. .Tones United Presbyterian 

church. First Reformed church and Immaculate 
Conceptii>n church, founded. "Rochester Rap- 
pings" first publicly explained at Corinthian Hall, 

November 14tii. The City Mills, being overloaded 

with grain, fell. 

1S(!) -The cholera re-apijeared; about IfiO deaths 

occurred. Dr. HardeubrooV ac(iiiitted of the 

charge of niuroering Thomas Nott. Fanny Kem- 

ble gave readings. Home for the Frieuilless 

founded. -Mayor's court abolished.— (Sermaii !M. 
E. church founded. — Atiout this time the 51th Regi- 
ment (militia) was founded. 

IS.'JO- University of Rochester founded. Bufl'alo 

& Rochester Railroad Company organized. Mon- 
roe County Savings Bank incorporated Roches- 
ter Driving Park established. The l,ockport & 

Niagara Falls Railroad extended to Rochester. 

General Fbenez"r S. Beach a pioneer miller, 

and .lohn T. Tallman. anotherearly settler, died. 

Handet Scrantom died. The cornerstone of the 

Court House laid. June 30th. (Jeneral observance 

of the death of President Taylor. Powers's 

"Greek Slave" exhibited here. -^^ — IklUii lloiild 
established ; its name was changed to th<' Daily 

Tillies; it collapsed in a few mrnths. Yonnondio 

Lodge, F. A. M.. and Monroe District Grand Com- 
mittee, I. O O. F., mstituted. Population, 3f5,.'iGl, 

an increase of 11. 296 in five years. 

18,')l — President Fillmore visited the city (May 
20th I with three members of his Cabinet: a public 
demonstration in honor of the visitors took yilace. 

Daniel Webster addressed a large crowd from 

the south eml of the Arcade gallery. May 21th. 

Jenny Lind sang at Corinthian TIall, July 22d and 
24th; the receipts for the second I'ight, $2, .501. 41, she 

caused to be distributed among local charities. 

Stephen A. Douglas delivered the address at the 
State fair; a civic festival held oue evening during 
the fair was attended by ex-President Tyler, (iov- 
eruor Hunt, ex-Governor Marcy, ex-Governor IMor- 
tou. of Massachusetts, Horace Greeley and others. 

Chancellor Whittlesey died September 19th 

Euos Stone, pioneer, died Oct«ber 23. Iguacio 

Texeira I'into murdered November 2.5. Matthew 

Brown, who came here in 1817. died Decemlier 28. 

The new Court-House finished; cost, $61,931.95 ; 

later adtlitions, $10,000. Roswell Hart first in- 
troduced coal for domestic use. Rochester Theo- 
logical Seminary founded. Rochester & Genesee 

Valley Railroad Company organized. German 

Baptist C'hurch and Plymoutii Congregational 
Church foimded. Rochester Free Academy estab- 
lished. Harmonic Society organized. Hum- 
boldt Lodge, L O. O. F., instituted. 

1852— The remains of Ignacio T. Pinto, luL'^sing 
since the previous November, found in a cellar on 
the Lyell road February G ; Blaurice Aiitonio exe- 



cuted for the nuirder June 3. The remains of 

llenry Clay passed through here, on the way to 
Kentucky, July G; formal obsequies held .Tulv 13, 
and a funeral procession " under the direction of the 

voimg men of Rochester," Jidy 23. Return of the 

cholera; nearly 700 cases; 420 to 473 deaths. Me- 
morial services on the death of Daniel Webster held 

at Corinthian JIall, Novem\)er 23 Work begun on 

the Rochester and Genesee Valley railroad. — The 
city divided into ten wards. — Rochester A' Char- 
lotte railroad company organized. First train 

from Rochester to Niagara Falls June 30. — North 
Street M. K. church. Evangelical Reformed church 
and Frank street M. E. Church founded.^ — Scott's 
band 'organized .— Second depot (afterwards that 

of the Central-Hudson roadi finished Monroe . 

Rebekah Degree Lodge. I. O. (1. F. (the first ladies' 
lodge), instituted. — Rochester Btobachter estab- 
li.shed. 

1853— Four girl.s burned to death in the Bochester 
House fire, April 29th. The New York Cen- 
tral and Hudson River Railroad Company 
formed May 17th, by the merging of the 
Tonawanda, Rochester and Aid)iu-n, the Niagara 
Falls. TiOckport and Rochester, Rochester and 
Charlotte, and the Rochester and Syracuse railroads. 

Office of Chief of Police created and Addy Van 

Sl^ck elected. Cornhill M. E Church. Alexander 

>r. E. Church and St. Peter's Presbyterian Church 

founded. Fran<;is (iretter, aged about 13 years, 

ffitally stabbed Paul Satterlee, same age; sen- 
tenced to the House of Refuge imtil of age. 

The Seamstresses formed a protective union. 

Sil.as Hall, pioneer, died. — The Association for 

.Tuvelile Reform organized. Corner-stone of 

Plymouth Church laid, September 8th, and that of 

St. Mary's September 18th. Rochester Medical 

society organized. Rochester YolkMatt estab- 
lished. 

18.54— Everard Ppc'k, pioneer, died. Mysterious 

disappearance of Emma Moore, aged thirty -seven; 

$1,0(X) reward offered. Ma-nnerchor organized. 

r Blossom House destroyed by fire: loss. $150,000. 

St. Bridget's Roman Catholic Church founded. 

1855— Woman's Rights Comity Convention held at 

Corinthian Hall. The Union Grays quelled a riot 

of strikfng canal laborers. The night of Feb. 6-7, 

the coldest known ; mercury 26° below zero. 

May 11th. Martin Eastwood sentenced to hang for 
the nuirder of Edward Brereton. but a new trial re- 
sulted in life imprisonment. The body of Emma 

IMoore found in the upper race. The "Ameri- 
can " or "Know-Nothing" party, attaining its great 

est strength, elected Charles .T. Havden Mayor 

.Junior Pioneer Association organized. President 

Ezra M. Parsons. Mrs. IjcvI Ward, Mrs. Joseph 

Sibley, Mrs. Samuel J. Andrews, Eli Stillson and 

Ell)ert AV. Scrantom, early settlers, died. Christ 

Church. (EpiscopaD founded. Veteran corps of 

the Rochester Union Grays organized in December. 

18.56— Heavy snow blockades. Elihu Burritt. the 

" Learned Blacksmith." lectured before the Typo- 
graphical Union. The Suspension bridge com- 
pleted over the river at Carthage, at a cost of $25,000. 

Rev. John Donnelly killed by the cars on the 

Central Railroad bridge, August 0th. Charles M. 

Lee, leading lawyer, died. Flower City Bank or- 
ganized (made a national bank in 1865). Calvary 

Presbyterian Church founded. 

1857— The year opened, as did the previous one, 
with very heavy falls of snow. A flood in Feb- 
ruary carried off several buildings on the north side 
of tlie old Main street bridge. Abolitionist Con- 
vention held February 10th. Ephraim Moore, 

jiioneer. died. The new Carthage Suspension 

l)ridge fell, during April. The bill for extending 

the Genesee Valley Canal jm.ssed. Main street 

bridge finished, at a cost of $G0,0(X). While en- 
gaged in the rebuilding of Andrews street bridge, 

Nathan Newhafer was swept over the falls. 

1 )aily Deinocral office destroyed by fire. St Mary's 

HospiUil coniHienced in two small stone stables on 
Genesee street, near Main.- — Merging of the daily 
American and daily Dewocral under the stvle Demo- 

cral and Aiiuricaii. Patrick Heavy and AVilliam 

Cleator, firemen, killed at the burning of the Eagle 



68 



bank building. December Kjtli, Ira Stout mur- 
dered Charles W. Littles, with the assistance of Mrs. 
Littles, Stout's sister. Industrial School incor- 
porated. 

1858— Fimeral held here of T. Hart Strong and 
Henry H. Rochester, who had perished at the burn- 
ing of the Pacific Hotel, St. Louis. Third Pres- 
byterian Church burned. William H. Perkins, of 

this city, killed in a railroad accident near Utica. 

August 17. general celebration of the laying of 

the first Atlantic cable; a serious conflagration vis- 
ited the city the same night. Longmuir's brewery 

and other property being turned, loss Sl75,000. 

Alerts and Protectives formed. Williaai H. 

Seward originated the phra?e, " the irrepressible 
conflict," in an anti-slavery speech, a^ Corinthian 

Hall. October 25. Dr F F. Backus, pioneer, died. 

- — Stout hanged, October 22: Mrs. Littles sentenced 
for seven years. 

1859— Another Rochester Z'ai^y Tivu's started, Jan. 
^th; it was discontinued in April and revived 
in June as the Rochester EiHmiiiQ Expresii.— - 
De Lave walked a tight rope stretched directly over 

Genesee Falls. The first locomotive explosion 

(that of the engine Ontario) took place west of the 

Central depot; no one killed. The Second Baptist 

Church (on the present site of Washington Hall) 

burned Rev. George Bush, the distinguished 

commentator, died here. The Traders' Bank 

organized (nationalized, 1865). 

1860--First Wide Awake company in the State or- 
ganized here for the first Lincoln campaign; 100 
outfits for the organization secured by George C. 
Buell and D. M. Dewey. — Old Brick church torn 

down; erection of present Brick church begun. 

Convention held for the formation of the Westei'n 
New York Agricultural, Horticultural and Mechani- 
cal Association. Free Methodist Church and 

Christadelphian Church founded. Steam fire en- 
gines substituted for hand-working engines 

Rev. .Joseph Penny, I). D., died. New building 

of the Home for the Friendless opened. Ex- 
Mayor Child died. Doric Council. R. and S. M.. 

and (lenesee Falls Lodge, F and A. M.. instituted. 

1861— Dr.Levi Ward died. An Alxjlition conven- 
tion mobbed at Corinthian Hall. Jaiuiary 11 

President-elect Lincoln, on his way to Washington, 
addressed a vast ci'owd at the depot, February 18 

The Common Council appropriated $10,000 to 

defray urgent war expenses; the citizens suliscribed 
$40,0()0 for the families of volunteers. — The Thir- 
teenth Regiment (raised in Monroe county, uuis- 
tered in May 14th; the first to leave for the seat of 
war from this part of the State. The Eighth Cav- 
alry recruited.— — Congressman Alfred Ely, being 
informed that some of his constituents (members of 
the Thirteenth) had been wounded in the skirmish 
at Centreville, left Washington to render assistance, 
and going too near the battlefield at l^ull Rmi. was 
captured by the rebels, July 21st. and taken to Rich- 
mond pri.son, where he remained until December 
25th, when he was exchanged for Charles .T. Faulk- 
ner, formerly United States minister to Friince, who 
had been arrested for l)etray»l of his trust in the iu- 
terestof the South. Calvin Iltisou, jr., ex District- 
Attorney of IMonroe county, cai)lured neai'Bull Run 
by rebel pickets, July 2:!d. and taken to Riclimond 
prison, where he died of tyj>lioid fever, < )ctober 2Jt,h. 

< »ttice of Fire Marshal created an<l ( ). L. Angevine 

elected to fill the position. St. Boniface Roman 

Cathoiic Church founded. — Jauii's A'Ick first 

began the systemutic growing of fluwcr seeds. 

Deaths of Selah Mathew, General Lansing B. Swan, 
Orlando Hastings, Ebenezer Griffin and Joshua 
Conkey. 

18t)2—f Congressman Ely .accorded a reception .Tan 
4th, on his retui-n from captivity. The ( "ne Hun- 
dred and Fifth Regiment of infantry organized at 

Rochestei and LeKoy. The One Hun 

red and Eighth Regiment left for 
the seat of war, Aug. 10; the One Huu- 

red and P'ortieth left a month later. Parson 

Brownlow delivered an address at ('orinthian Hall. 

Clarissa street bridge completed; cost, S]5,(M)0. 

Dr. Lewis Swift discovered his first comet in his 
primitive observatory, on the gravel roof of Duffy's 



cider mill. The Eighteenth Battery (Mack's) 

mustered in. — — Deaths of Mrs. Hamlet Scrantom 

and Harvey Ely, pioneers. First Rochester Haru- 

gari lodge instituted. 

1S03— Emancipation celebration at Corinthian 

Hall, Jan. 4th. The Eagle Hotel changed 

into a business block, after being conducted 
as a tavern for forty years. The Twenty- 
sixth Battery of Light Artillery mustered 

in, February." The corner-stone of St. Mary's 

Hospital laid June 2Sth. The first street- 
car ran July 9th. Company E (now the Eighth 

Separate Comoauy) organized. — Impressive 
funeral of Colonel Patrick H. O'Rourke, who was 

killed at Gettysburg. The Fifty fourth Regimer t, 

N. G., S. N. Y., left for New York to aid in suppressing 

the draft riots. 1.096 names drawn from the wheel 

to fill the city 's(iuotaof drafted men. First Union 

League in the State organized here. Paid Fire 

Department established. Rochester City &' 

Brighton (street) Railroad Company incorporated. 
The Fourteenth Regiment of Artillery mus- 
tered in, December. The Junior Pioneer Associ- 
ation merged with the older society Arion Singing 

Society organized. Rochester Division Brother- 
hood of Locomotive Engineers established. — Among 
the deaths of the year were t hose of Rev. John T.Coit, 
D.D , Isaac R. El'wood, William C. Bloss, Wjlliam S. 
Bishop, Samuel (J. Andrews. Rev. Dr. Calvin Pease, 
Silas O. Smith .and his son L. Ward Smith. 

1H(j4— Funeral of Major Jerry Sullivan, killed in a 

skirmish in Virginia. The Fifty-fourth regiment 

nuistered into the United States service and 

sent to Elniira to guard rebel prisoners City 

Hosijital opened, January 28 Twenty-Second 

Regiment (cavalry) mustered in, Feliruary. 

Brackett House built.— — Holy Family Roman 
Catholic Chun.'h founded. Rochester Fire De- 
partment incorporated Rochester Business Uni- 
versity establishf-d. Speculation ran rife in petro- 
leum and in Western Union Telegraph stock Seth 

Green began his experiments in fish hatching — — 
Rev. .Tames Nichol, Anson House, ,Ta,«!on Baker, 
Captain Daniel Loomis and Colonel Eliphas Trim- 
mer died during the year. 

1865— The doubled stock of the Western Union 
Tf-legr.aph C!ompany (whose headquarters were in 
this city) run up to $280 per share March IVtli. then 
fell to ,$120, and, before tlie summer was over, to 
$68. bringing ruin to many. A great flood sub- 
merged the central part of the city, March 17th; 
damage to property, estimated at over one million 

dollars ; no lives lost. Lee's surrender celebrated, 

April 9th. The funeral of President Lincoln, at 

Washington, April 19lh, oljserved here by a public 
denionsti-ation, including a procession, with a funeral 
car ; the President's remains pas.sed through Roch- 
ester tlie 27th. The Fenian Brotherhood held a 

grand demon.stration at the Court House, August 

12th. The old Eagle Tavern demolished to make 

way for I'owers Block. Rochester Philharmonic 

society organized. Present police force or- 
ganized. Hmuane society established. 

Audul)on Club organized. During the year 

the city lost by death, ex-Mayor .and ex-Con- 
gressman Thomas Ken\]).shall, Moses Chapin, (the 
first County Judge) and e.x-Mayor ,Tohn C. Nash. 

1S66- .lonatluin T. Orton, a hackman, found uuu-- 
dered, Maicli stii; one man arrested proved an 

alibi; the murderer was never found. Several 

Rochester li'enians took part in the " invasion " of 

Canad.a in .June. President Johnson, accom- 

I)anieil by Secretaries Seward and Welles, (iener.als 
(irant and Custer. Admiral ]''aiTagut and others 
gave an oiien air rece|)tion in Rochester. — Holy 

Ke(lo(<mer (Ivomnu CattioUcM Church founded. 

O'Rourke IVist. No. 1, (i. A. R., organized. (Jrand 

Ijodge of Perfection, A. and A. S. R.. instituted. 

Moiu-oe County Homeopathic Medical Society or- 
ganized. 

1867— An ice gorge foi-mcd at the piers of the Erie 
railroad l)ridge in February, and threw the water 
into the Genese(i Valley canal, causing a flood in 

l)ortious of the Third and Eighth wards. Cyrene 

Conunander.\, No. .39, K. T., organized February 
4. Rochester Lodge, 660, F. and A. M., organized 



69 







CORNELIUS R. PARSONS. 



The Hon. Cornelius R. Parsons, now in hi« Hl'th term as Mayor of Rochester, is the son of 
the late Hon. Thomas Parsons, (State Senator, and was born in York, Livingston county, May 
23, l'S4;3. His fatlier removed to Rochester in 1^45, antl since that year Mayor Pai'sous has been 
a resident of this city. He received his education in the public schools and in the select school 
taught by Prof. John R. Vosbur^h. When (jnite a young man, he engaged in the lumbering 
and milling business. In the spring of ISdl he was elected a member of the Common Council, 
and was re-elected to the same jjosition in the spring of 18(»S and ISiU. During the last year of 
his second term he was chosen President of the Board. In the .spring of ISTO he was nominated 
by the Republicans and elected Mayor over Colonel James Rrackett, the Democratic candidate. 
He has been four times re-elected by large majorities over some of the most prominent men of 
the party opposed to him. He has also seveial times been a member of the Republican State 
Committee, a position he holds at the present time. He is one of the most popularmayors the 
city has ever had, and was very active in promoting the success of the semi- centennial 
celebration. 



71 



February IR, and chartered August 22. A board 

of trade was established March 'Jth, and after hvinp: 

a few months, expired. The " Black Crook "' ran 

thirty-six niffhts at the Metropolitan Opera House. 
Kistori played "Queeu Klizabeth " ;vt Corin- 
thian Hall, Apiil 10th. -John I). Pike, Henry 

Foi"schler and .Joseph Wernette, firemen, killed at 
the biirninf; of Washinjjton Hall and the Palmer 
Wock InMay. lonjc Chapter. :J1(), K. A. M., organ- 
ized July 10. Weston passed throufjh here at mid- 

niit,'ht of November 12tli. on his walk from Portland 
to ('hicago. Mechanic's Savings Haidc incorpo- 
rated. Advent Cnristian ( 'liurch founiled. The 

body of liOnis Fox, a celebrated liilliard playei', 

foiuid in the river at Charlotte. Seth (ireen 

went t« Holyoke and made the discovery of hatch- 
ing shad artificially. Rochester Council Princes 

of .lerusalem. Sovereign grand chajit^'r Rose ('roix, 
Germania l,odge of Perfection, and Rochester (irand 
(Vmsistory (all A. and A. S. R. ) instituted; also Ionic 
Chapter, R. A. M. — Ma.ior-(!eneral .lacob Gould 
(also ex!\layon, died; other deaths were those of 
Dr. M.M. Mathews, and Dr. Chester Dewey. 

ISdS— .Joseph Jlessner murdei-ed his wife in Pen- 
field, April l.'ith. The builer of an engine on the 

(jeuesee Valley railroad exploded near the depot ou 
Exchange street, Sei)t. Mth, killing the engineer, 

lirakeman and three little girls. During the year 

50.! houses were built at a cost of Sl.-tr>0,liK). Prof. 

.John F. Ricliai'dson au«Iex District- Attorney Martin 

S. Newton died. Powers's block begun (the north- 

ernm»)st store, incorporated in the great structure, 

was built a few years before). James H. llackett 

played /ui/x'dff.' The /hii/i/ (7(/Y«//"r/' established liy 

Lewis Sel.ve. — ^Westminster ("hurch founded. 

Protestant Episcopal Church Home established. 

Rochester Safe Deposit Comitauy incorporated. 

18(J'.) — Practical operations in (ish-hatching were 
begun luider the direction (if Seth Green, the State 

having piu'chasetl his hatchery at Caledonia. 

I'^ight persons killed and about, fifty injured by the 
falling of .-i floor in the Gertrian school of Saints Pe- 
ter and Paul. St. Patrick's Cathedral opened with 

impressive ceremonies March 17 th. (;)(ld ?'eIlows' 

senu-centennial celebrated, April titith. The swing 

bridge on Exchange street liuilt. Joseph Mess- 

nev, who was to have been hanged June 4th, and 
subseijuently on December lOMi, obtained a new 

trial. Powers's block, so fai- as the State street 

part and the Stone part ou West Main street are 

concerned, was tinished this y(>ar. Metropolit'in 

Opera House destroyed by tire. Rochester and 

State Line liailroad Company incorporated. East 

Side Savings Bank incorporated. Fire alarm 

telegraph finished: cost $]-J,(lO0. Church of the 

Good Sh"plierd, Church of the Ejiiiihany (both 
Episcopal), and the Church of the Kefoi-mation 
(Lutheran) foiujded. E.^empt Firemen's Associ- 
ation organized. Rochester Club founded. - 

(Jrace Relx'kah Degiee liodge 1. <*.<>. F., instituted. 

Monroe Rebekah Degree Lodge (the first ladies' 

lodge) chartered. Riverside Rowing ( iub 

organized. Deaths of Colonel John H. Thompson, 

ex-Mayoi- William Pitkin, Rev. Dr. Samuel Luclcey, 
and Frederick Starr. 

1870 — Veterans of 1812 held a meet ing at the Court 

House .ramiar-y !;;rh. Canal convention held at 

CorinthiaTi Hall to adv<icate the aliolition of the 
c>>ntr;ict syston in lepairing canals. State sports- 
men's convention held here. Captain (or Gen- 
eral) O'Neil ari'ested and loilged in Jail while about 
to lead the Fenians into Canada upon another raid. 

The State Arsenal Imilt. Powers' block ex- 

teuded on West Main street to Pindle alley. — 
Funerill oliseiiuies held over the remains of Colonel 
George Rjaii of the 1 lOth Resriiui'nt, who was killed 

atLaiu-i'l Hill. :\Iay 8, 18(14. Rochester Water 

Works ( 'oini>any formed. Dfinncidl and Clooiiiclc 

consolidated. Aitz Raanon Kodesh congregation 

founded. Deaths of Ebenezer Ely, ex fliayor S. 

W. D. Moore, ex-Mayor Hamlin Sfilwell, ex-County 
Judge I'atrick G Huchan, and Mrs. Mary Ann 
Scrantoiw. 

1871 — iirient Lodge, No. •i'i-'i, L O. O. F.. in- 
stituted March 2lst, with 124 charter members. 
The German citizens held a peace .iubilee 



(April 10th), over the closing of the Franco-Prussian 

war. The Fifty-fourth regiment (pielled a riot 

(May 4th), among strikers at the "o.x Bow." 

The negro Howard commited an aggravated as- 

saidt on a little eirl. .Joseiih Messner hanged. 

(Jrand ()pei-a House opened. East avenue and 

Lake avenue Baptist churches fomided. Publica- 
tion of tlie Sunday Times begun. A lodge of 

Knights of Pythias first instituted here. Floral 

and Koerner Lodges, L O. <J. F., instituted. 

Rochester Pathological Society founded. Old 

Cadets organized. The dead of the year: 

H. N. Curtis, Dr. Horatio N. Fenn (the' first 
in Western New York to devote himself exclu.sively 
to dentistry), Preston Smith (who came liere in 
1813), Rev. Dr. Barker, of St. Mary's church. Rev. 
Dr. Albert G. Hall. Aristarchus Champion, (leorge 
H. Mmnford and Dr. Philander. G. Tobey. 

18T2— The Howai-d riot, (January 3): .John Elter 
and Hemy Merlaii killed, five others wounded; 
secret session of the court held at which How,ard 
pleaded guilty and was sentenced for twenty years. 

Fiuieral of William A.Reynolds, .lanuary l."). 

A small i)Ox epidemic visited Rochester; twenty- 
eight deaths and many cases (hat were not fatal; 

a general vaccination ordered. Cerebro-siiinal 

meningitis raged with great violence during Marcli; 

twenty -eight deaths. The "epizootic" caused 

great mortality among the horses in October. 

The following named women voted the National and 
Congressional ticket's in th" Eighth ward: Susan 
B. Anthony, ^Irs. Hannah Anthony INlosher, Mrs. 
JIary S. Hilibard, Mrs. Mancy M. Chapman, 
Mrs. Jane M. Cogswell, Mrs. Martha N. French, Mrs. 
Margaret Leydeu, Mrs. Lottie Bolles Anthony. Mrs. 
Hannah Chatfield, Mrs. Susan M. Hough, Mrs. Sarah 
Truesdale, Mrs. Mary Pulvei-, Mrs. Rhoda DeGarmo, 
Mrs. Guelma Anthony McLean, Miss Mary S. 
Anthony, and Miss Ellen T. Baker; those who reg- 
istered but whose votes were not accepted, were: 
Mrs. Amy Post, IMrs. 31arv Fish Curtis, Mrs. Dr. 
Dutbin, Mrs. Charlotte Wilbur Griftin, Mrs. Dr. 
Wheeler, Mrs Ijatlirop, Mrs. Allen; the 14 women 
who voted were arrested held to bail and indicted : 
three of the inspectx>rs of election, B'jverly W. .Jones. 
Wu). B Hull and Edwin T. ^Marsh, were also in- 
dicted: of the wonieu who vob-d. Miss Anthony aicaie 
was tried. Rochester (Serman lusiu'aTice Com- 
pany chai'tered. Stiite Jjinc lailrtiad commenced. 

— Rapids Baptist Church and fllemorial Presby- 

tei'ian t'hurch founded. \'incent |ilace bi'idge 

begun. Holy Sepulchre cemetery and Young 

Men's Catliohc Association incorporated. Abe- 
lard, Amity and Old Star Clubs organized. Holy 

Sepidchre Cemetery incorporated. Germania 

liOdge, F. and A. M., instituted.— — Odd Fellows' 
Union .\ssociation incorporated to build the Odd 

Fellows' 'I'emiile. The dead of the year: O. M. 

Benedict, Dr. li. C. Dolley, Isaac Post, Henry Stan- 
ton. Lymau Munger and James Riley (the last 
named three being pioneers). 

187'3— The Rochester German " Real Schule " ded- 
icated February 14. First session held in the new 

Free Academy lim'lding, March 2.'Jd. The corner- 
stone of the new City Hall laid May 28. Miss An- 
thony convic-fed of ill<'g.al xoting and fined SlOO 
.June lit; the inspectors fined .f 'J.") each and costs; 

flues remitted l)y President (irant. The N'oung 

Men's Catholic Association b'lilding opened, Oc- 
tober 2!t. Vincent place bridge completed at a 

cost of $1.")0.000. Bible reading in the public 

schools discontinued. Rochester Driving Park 

Association incorporated. — — (jlide Eni'amiiment, I. 
O. O. F., instituted. Rochester Licdei-kranz or- 
ganized. — Dead of the year: A. G. Bristol and Rob- 
ert M. Dalzell (early -settlers), Thomtis Parsons 
(Stat*- Senator, ]8<)7-78), Gideon W. Burbank, Dr. 
Michael Weigel, .John Haywood (])ioneer, first 
Treasin-er of Rochester Savings Bank), Colonel 
Aaron Newton (]>ioneer), Ebenezer Watt (pioneer), 
and .John McCoiivill (mcmbei- of Assemby 18(>4-5. 

1874- t'ity building on Front street completed; cost 
over S.^O.ooO. — The Holly water works went into 
operstion; grand public test made Feliruary 18th. 

Failure of the Farmei-s' and Mechanics' 

Bank in May. Albert McCullough, aged 



72 



thirteen, crazed with liquor, threw him- 
self into the river, and was swept over 
the falls, — The finding of old city records 
proved ex-Controller Robertson to have secreted the 
same to cover np a defalcation of nearly $40,000— 
Corner stone laid of the St. John's German Lutheran 
and ttie First German M. E. Churches, and of St. 
Joseph's Orphan Asylum— — Salem Evangelical 
Church and St. Michael's Catholic Chiu-ch dedi- 
cated. Organization and reunion of the school 

boys who had attended the high school before 1843. 

Hedding Mission, and St. John's (Lutheran) 

Church founded. Police Benevolen Association 

organized. Celtic Club formed. John G. 

Klinck Lodge, I. O. O. P., instituted. Deaths: Sam 

Drake (a local Isaak Walton), John M. French, 
Father Andrew .J. Urennan, Pliny M. Bromley, 
Isaac Butts, (veteran journalist), Thomas H. Roch- 
ester (pioneer) and ex-Mayor Harvey Montgomery. 

1875— The City hall opened to the public. January 

5; cost of building, $337,000. Funeral of Geii. 

Williams, March 29. Mass-meeting held (April 

9th) in support of Governor Tilden's cotu'se in pros- 
ecuting canal fraud cases. ^ — The Leighton bridge 

works at East Rochester wrecked l)y a gale. 

John Clark shot and killed John Trevor, July 3; the 
murderer was hanged Novemlier 19. — The first 
fast mail train from New York to Chicago, passed 

thj'ough the city September 17. William J. Vian- 

CO anct Andrew J. Northrup, engineer and fireman, 
killed by the freight train which ran olT the track 

in the Central depot, OctoVier 7 Y. M. C. A. 

organized. Bank of Rochester incorporated. 

Literary Union organized. Deaths: Elias Pond 

(ex-Coliector of the port, Sheriffand Member of As- 
sembly), Daniel E. Harris, William Brewster (pio- 
neer), ex-Maj'or Rufus Keeler, Geoi-ge W. Par- 
sous. Edward S. Boughton (pioneer), John Witt (ex- 
Maj'or, Congressman, City Treasurer and, at the 
time of his death, Major-General N. G. S. N. Y.), 
Father Patricio Byrnes, (Jharles L. Pardee, David R. 
Barton, Dr. H. li Haekett, ex-Mayor A. (Jartei- 
Wilder. Dr. Hartwell (Jarver. and William H. Han- 
ford (pioneer). 

187(j— Hemlock lake water system completed, Jan. 

23. Institute for Deaf Mutes incorporated. Feb. 

4. Centennial oak sapling planted by the Ger- 
mans in F'rankliu square. — -Murder of Policeman 
Louis Gommenginger by A. C. Fairbanks, who was 

sentenced for life. Murder of Joseph Fryer by 

Stillnian who was also sentenced for life. Victor 

Smith killed Catherine Boormanaud committed sui- 
cide in jail. First Baptiht Cluu-ch built St. 

.James (Episcopal) Church founded. Board of 

Public Works abolished and Executive Board 

created. WinLisor Club organized. Sunday 

Herald estab ished. Rochester Athenaeum and 

Mechanics' Association failed; library closed. 
Deaths: Samuel Hamilton, Horatio G. Warner, 
Judge Samuel L. Seldeii, William F. Holmes, Dr. 
Douglass Bly, Dr. H. C. Wanzer, Abram Karnes, 
and Lysamler Farrar. 

1877.— The Fifty-Fourth Regiment ordered to Hor- 

nellsville on accoimt of the railroad strike. The 

Rochester Yacht Club held a regatta on the lake. 

liepublican State Convention held in the City Hall, 
September 2(1; Senator Conkling attacked 'George 

William Curtis. Run on the liochcster Savings 

Bank stopped by a display of over a million dollars 

in greenbacks. The Water Works Department 

Ilrst used the telephone from this city to lleI^locK- 
Lake(twenty■eight miles), being the longest line then 

in use In the world. Ebenezi-r (Dutch iieformed) 

Church founded— — Rochestei- Art Club orgamzed. 

— — Jewish ( )rphan Asylmn Society organized. 

First Rochester lodge of the A. ( ). U.W. established. 
Deaths: Rev. Dr. R. J. W. Bucklaiid, Riv. S. Em- 
mons Brown, Samuel Chase (pidiiccr), BIrs. Marj 
Anderson (pioneer), Augustin PiiMird (aged lO'J years), 
ex-.ludge Harvey Hunq)hrey, (ieneral William E. 
Lathrop, ex-Mayor John B. Elwood, Colouel C. T. 
Amsden, George W. Rawson (Justice of the 
S\iprejue Court), and Rev. Dr. J. V. Van Ingeii. 

1878— The last rail ot the State Lino railroad laid 
January 28.— — Fall of a building on Ex(;hange 
street; Col. M. II. Smith terribly, but not fatally 



burned.— Twenty-four prisoners broke out through 
the wall of the jail, October 12th. German Evan- 
gelical Luthern Church founded. Commercial 

National Bank incorporated. Lincoln Club or- 
ganized. Firemen's monument in Mount Hope 

dedicated. First Rochester lodge of the Knights 

of Honor established. Deaths: Dr. H. W. Dean. 

Rev. John Barker, E. N. Buell, Charles P. Achilles, 
Abelard Reynolds (first Postmaster and original 
owner of Reynolds' Arcade), and George J. Whit- 
ney. Severe snow storms blocked the railroads 

during the last week of the year. 

1879— The great snow blockade continued until 
January 10th; many trains ran off the track and a 
number of employes were killed; people frozen to 
death in snow drifts in the country.— (Convention 
of National Association of Stovemakers held here. 

Failure of Stettheimer, Tone & Co.'s bank Feb.l.S. 

— Rochester Microscopical Society organized (after- 
wards became the Academy of Natural Sciences) 

Celehration of the Maen'nerchor's twenty-fifth. 

anniversary. -—The Elwood block erected.—— 
Rochester Telephone Exchange established; E. 

Ocum])augh sent the lirst message. Rochester 

and Lake Ontaiio railroad completed. — St. An- 
drews Episcopal Church and Beth Israel Syna- 
gogue founded. Fire and Waterworks Board 

created. Rochester Opera Club organized; R. H. 

Lansing, director: J. M. Angle, stage manager. 

Rochester .\,ornhir/ Herald established. 

Rochester (iun Club organized. Deaths: Dr. 

Jonah Brown (pioneer, first physician in the settle- 
ment), ex-Mayor .loseph Field. Dr. W. W. Ely, Ezra 
Jones, and ( 'oionel A. T Lee. 

1880 — Recejjtion in this city of Cliarles Stewart 

Parnell, the Irish patiit)t, Jan. 20. Wallace Rice 

stiot (not fatally) by Robert J. Jarrard, a lawyer; 
.Tarrai'd hanged hiniseif thi-ee days later. — Mon- 
roe County Land League ( he first in .\merica) or- 
ganized February 1; William Pim-chII. President. 

Rochester Society of Natiu'al Sciences established. 

Ro<!hester and Charlotte Turnpike Company 

organized. Rochester (.)rnithological Society or- 
ganized. St. Elmo Encampment, Knights of 

Malta, instituted. Rochester Bicycle Club 

organized. Great Presidential campaign; Gen- 
eral (irant and Senator Conkling among those 
present at the Republican rally, October 27th; 
tteneral McClellan, the Democratic orator, the 
next evening; nearly 7,000 men in line in each torch- 
light procession Deaths: Abner Wakelee, Ly- 
man B. Langworthy, Johnson 1. Robbins and Ed- 
win Scrantom (pioneers), P. M. Crandall, Aaron 
Erick.son, William Kidd, ex-Mayor Elijah F. Smith, 
Edmund j^yon. Dr. J. F. Whitbeck. and John Wid- 
ner (aged 100 years). 

1S81— The State Line Railroad sold at auction for 
$000,000 and reorganized as the Rochester & Pitts 

Ijurg Railroad. t!opies of the Revised Version of 

the New Testament first sold in Rochester May 21, 
L.^OO copies disposed of on that day. Enter- 
tainment at the Corinthian Academy of Music for 
the benefit of the Soldierx' and Sailors' Memorial 
Fund. Maud >. trotteda mile in2:]0i.^at the Driv- 
ing Park, making the fastest time on record. August 

mil. Monster funeral procession held in honor 

of President (iarfield September 20tli. Red Cross 

Society organized. Rochester Academy of Sci- 
ences incorporated. Rochester Art Exchange 

organized. Mendelssohn Vocal Society organ- 
ized Deaths: James C. Cochrane, William 

Stebbins (pioneer), David Moody (pioneer,) (ieorge 
D. Stillson, Samuel D. Porter and his eldest 
son (Ijoth on the same day), ex-Mayor Levi A. 
Ward, ex-Mayor Isaac Hills, William Burke, ,Iohn 
H. Martindaie (Hritadier-General during the war 
and aflei'ward Attorney -General of the State), 
Mrs. Jehiel Barnard (pioneer), and Lewis H. Mor- 
gan (the most distinguished ethnolo J ist of Amer- 
ica). 

1882— A small-pox epidemic being threatened, be 
tween 20.000 and 30,000 persons were vaccinated. — 
Four hundred out of 4.'>0 workmen struck at the 
Cunningham carriage works (.January 28tli), by or- 
der of the Knights of Labor; a compromise effected 
March 1st. — The Employers' Protective Union 




J-J 



J 






o 
is: 



o 



33 
'A 
O 



75 



this city in 
Labor protested 
Penal Code and 
Horses attacked 



formed in opposition to tlie trades" unions. 

Old Central depot torn down. Ground broken 

for elevated tracks. Funeral exhibition 

by the National Association of Undertakers, in 

June. - — The Knights of 

against certain featui'es of the 

paraded over 0,000 strong. 

by a disease called the "pink- 
eye.'" Firemen's "state Convention held iiere in 

August. The Osburn House closed and turned 

into a business block. Genesee Valley Canal 

railroad begun. The electric light made its ap- 
pearance iu the city Beni David synagogue 

founded. — Eureka club organized.— — Rochester 

Musical Society organized. The Erening JSwpresn 

changed to Post-£xpress. St. John's Episcopal 

church founded. Oratorio society organized. 

Rochester Canoe Club organized. Rochester 

Newspaper Guild organized iu December; George 
Moss president. President C. E. Upton's specula- 
tions iu oilcaused the suspension of the City Bank, 

December 21st. Deaths: Ex-Mayor Hamlet D. 

Scrantom, David Bell ; Joseph Medbery (pioneer), 
Benjamin Fish (pioneer), Nathan Huntington 
(pioneer): Mrs. Mary Westbury (aged 100 years); 
James Vick. the celebrated seedsman: Colonel 
Charles J. Powers, Patrick H. Sullivan, Charles 
H. Chapin, Francis Gorton, and E. Peshine Smith 
<a noted publicist). 

1883 — Sam Fang, Rochester's first Chinese voter, 

was naturalized Jan. 8th. Rochester telegraphers, 

in common with the rest of the brotherhood, began 

an imsuccessful strike. Military funeral of (jen. 

E. G. ^larshall, August ,5th. Free-thinkers' Na- 
tional Convention held here in September. Visit 

of Lord Chief Justice Coleridge, of England. The 

bi-centennial of the German settlement of America 
celebrated. — -The new Central-Hudson railroad 
dejiot and the elevated tracks completed; cost about 

$■^,000,000. Powers' Hotel completed; cost about 

S6;W,000 Warner observatory completed; cost 

about $100,000. The Warner building on North 

St. Paul street finished; cost about $500,- 

000. Rochester and Lake Ontario Belt railroad 

(Windsor Beach) completed. Genesee Valley 

Canal railroad completed, opened and leased to the 
Buffalo, New York & Philadelphia R. R. Co. Cogs- 
well fountain erected ; it caused much merriment. 

Jacob Lutz found murdered, Oct. 21 ; John Kelly 

arrested — Donald Gordon (dry goods) failed 

for $.500,000. Recess in public schools abolished 

and shorter school hours established Second Uni- 

versahst Church, North Mission (Presbyterian), and 
Berith Oulom S.ynagngue founded. Central av- 
enue bridge built, cost $40.000. City Bank torn 

down to make way for the new building of the 

Flour City National Bank. 3Ierchants' Bank 

incorporated. Genesee Bicycle Club organ- 
ized. Deaths: Ex-Mayor Samuel Richard- 
son, Jeremiah Cutler, ex-Congressman Lewis 



Selye, Dr. B. F. Gilkeson, H. Edward Hooker, ex- 
Congressman Roswell Hart. Isaac Ashley, Dr. Hugh 
Bradley, ex-Judge Addison Gardiner, Nathaniel T. 
Rochester, ex-Mayor Charles J. Hill, Joseph Curtis, 
ex-Judge E. Darwin Smith and Mrs. Anson House 
(one of the witnesses to the first deed recorded in 
the county). Assessed valuation of real and per- 
sonal property, $3G,0.52,;5ro.90; taxes levied, $1,013,- 
542.20. 

1884— Berith Kodesh congregation adopted an 

English ritual prepared by Dr. Landsberg. G. A. 

R. State encampment held here. Reynolds 

Librarj' organized, February 2d. House of Rpf uge 

investigation begun, February .(J. Rowland Jones 

threw himself over the Falls Slarch 13.— Free Trade 
Club organized, March 24. - — Matthew Schleer shot 

and seriousl.y wounded his wife, Anna, April 20. 

Bank of Rochester changed to German-American 
Bank. H.S.Potter died; his eccentric will contest- 
ed. The new building of the Third Presbyterian 

Church on Jleigs street begun. John Kelly 

sentenced to hang; he appealed to the General 

Term. Very heavy gale. May 2; wind 70 miles an 

hour. The " Salvation Army " opened its "bar- 
racks" on Exchange street, May 4. Financial 

panic in New York caused uneasiness in Roctitster. 

Asbury Church (erected in 1842) torn down 

to make way for the new East Side Sav- 
ings Bank building Reuben Crutchfield shot and 

killed by Asa Dubois, May 23d: both colored men. 

Visit from Dr. Brehm, German Naturalist. — 

Agitation for nineteen wards. Streets renum- 
bered " Dr." Sherman sentenced to Auburn for 

three years, for malpractice. Free Kindergarten 

Association organized. Pere Hyacintlie spoke in 

French at St. Luke's and the First Presbyterian 

Church, June 1st and 2d. William E. Winston 

(colored), a foster son of Frederick Douglass, and 
who was brought up in Rochester, died at Washing- 
ton. Semi-centennial celebration. June 0th and 

lOtb. The Old School Boys of Rochester held a 

reunion, June 12. Work begun on the new East 

Avenue Baptist Church, between Meigs street and 
Park avenue. — —Governor Cleveland vetoed the ap- 
appropriation for a school of technology at the 

House of Refuge. The Grand Jury held a special 

session to investigate alleged bribery in the city 

government. Deaths: Martin Briggs, George B. 

Harris (veteran fireman), Mrs. Silas O. Smith (pio- 
neer), and her son, Edward M. Smith. Consul to 
Mannheim. 

Note.— The author desires tt) express his high 
appreciation of the valuable assistance rendered 
him (in his search for authentic information) by 
George H. Harris, of Reynolds' library, William F. 
Peck (son of the honored pioneer printer and editor, 
Everard Peck), D. M, Dewey, George H. Humphrey, 
Edward Ange\'ine, H. K. Phinney, of the Universitj- 
Library, and many others. 




L 



THE ROCHESTER BREWING COMPANY. 



NOTHING in Rochester better illustrates the progressive spirit of the 
tunes than the wonderful advance of the institution whose name 
appears at the head of this page. Less than ten years ago the 
Rochester Brewing Companj' made its first appearance before the public, 
and to-day it has taken rank among the leadmg breweries of the country. 
It is largely through the efforts of this company that Rochester Lager 
has become celebrated wherever Lager Beer is known. Organized in 
1874, it has steadily increased from yeai- to year, and at the present 
tmie has a capacity of over 100,000 bbls., and will in another year be 
obliged to still further increase its facilities. 

The success which so rightfully belongs to it is due not only to the 
faitliful and energetic management of its officers, but also to the super- 
iority and purity of its manufacture. Some time ago, when the char- 
acter of the beer manufactured in Rochester was made the subject of 
attack, this company was one of the foremost in asserting the entire 
falsity of the statements that had been published, and in proof of its 
assertions procured the services of Professor Latthnore, of the Roches- 
ter University, to analyize its products. The analysis resulted in a 
complete refutation of the charges. The professor, in giving the 
analysis to the public, says : 

RocHESTEB, May 10th, 1884. 
The results of the analysis expressed in percentages by weight are as follows : 
Specific gravity, - - - - . - 1011 

Alcohol, - - - - ■ . . 4.58 

Extract, - - - - . . .400 

Maltose, - - - - - - o.-oO 

Dextrine, - - - - - - - 2.7.'> 

Albuminoids, - - - - - . o.30 

Lactic Acid, - - - - . - O.IG 

Ash, --.-... 0.21 

Phosphoric Acid, - - - . _ - 0.03 

Water, ------. 91. is 

The analysis gave no indication of the presence of aloes, quassia or other bitter 

substitutes for hops ; or that in the manufacture of this beer any other substances 

had been used than malt, hops, yeast and water. 

S. A. LATTIMORE. 

The officers of the company are : Hon. E. K. Hai-t, President ; 
John Keiser, Vice-President : W. N. Oothout, Secretaiy and Treasurer ; 
Fredrick Hodecker, Practical Brewer. 



18J30. 1884. 

C. F. PAINE & CO., 

WHOLESALE AND RETAIL DROGGISTS. 

24 & 26 EAST MAIN STREET, 

SUCCES80BS TO 

WILLIAM PITKIN, established in 1820. 
L. B. SWAN, '• " 1830. 

LANE & PAINE, " " 1852. 



The present members of the firm of C. F. Paine & Co. are Cyrus F. 
Paine, Lemuel C. Paine, and Clarence D. Van Zant. 

In 1852 Mr. C F. Paine in company with the late Alfred S. Lane, pur- 
chased the stock of Drugs and Medicines of L B. Swan, who had been favorably 
known as a Chemist and Druggist and who had conducted the business for 18 
years. 

In 1855 they became, by purchase of the stock formerly owned by Wil- 
liam Pitkin, the successors of that house also, and under the firm names of 
Lane & Pame and Lane, Paine & Co. the business was conducted until 1876, 
when the present firm of C. F. Paine & Co. became proprietors. 

The premises in which C. F. Paine & Co. carry on the Wholesale and 
Retail Drug business, are located at 24 and 26 East Main Street, and the build- 
ing was specially erected by L. C. & J. D. Paine for the purposes of this firm, 
constituting the most complete and substantial establishment in this line of 
business in Rochester. They occupy the entire ground floor and basement on 
East Main Street and three stories in the rear part of the building ; the upper 
stories, connected with the basement by an elevator, are used for the storage of 
the very large stock required for their wholesale trade. 

The Prescription Department is most thorouglily arranged and carefully 
managed, and is supplied from their large stock of medicines, which includes 
everything in demand by the Medical Faculty. 

The stock in theii' Retail Dej^artment is also very complete — not only 
being very large but embracing nearly every article required and in demand for 
the toilet — comprising Fancy Toilet requisites, a great variety of Toilet Brushes, 
Toilet Soaps, Colognes, Perfumed Extracts and Waters, and a full assortment 
of Proprietary Medicines, Homeopathic Simples and Specifics. 

They have also by far the largest stock of Surgical Instruments, Batteries 
and ]^jlectrical appliances, Medicine Cases and Clinical Thermometers kept in 
Western New York, and in fact, a much more complete assortment of these 
goods than can usually be found at any one place in om* larger cities. 



SMITH. PERKINS & CO. 



) 




o 



JL Jl \J 




PR 



L KKJ 



J 



ERS, 



13. 15 and 17 EXCHANGE STREET. 



This house was established by Elijah F. Smith 
in 1826, aud has continued from that day until the 
present, under the firms of E. F. Smith & Co., E. F. 
& A. G. Smith, and Smith, Perkins Si Co. The 
present stjde was adopted over thirty years ago. 
The late AVilliam II. Perkins was a member of this 
firm for many years until his deatii in May, 18.58. 
The present firm consists of Charles F. Smith, (nk 
man H. Perkins and Harvey W. Brown. The foun- 
der of the house, Mr. E. F. Smith, died at an ad- 
vanced age in 1882. He was the first Mayor elected 
by the voice of the people, iu 1841. This house is 
the oldest grocery house in the city, and probably 
in the State. 



ROCHESTER GERMAN INSURANCE CO. 



The Rochester German Insurance Company is the only local insur- 
ance company in the city. It was founded in 1872 on a capital of 
$100,000, which was increased to $200,000 the next year. It was 
organized entirely on German capital, and has been conducted with the 
conservatism and good business principles that characterize that class 
of our population. Its success is shown by the publication of the 
statement of its condition on the 31st of December, 1883, as follows: 



Cash Capital, ------ 


$200,000 00 


Unearned Premium Eeserve, - . - - 


208,389 32 


Reserve for Unpaid Losses and other Liabilities, 


31,315 00 


Net Surplus, -.-.-- 


135,319 33 


Gross Assets. ----- 


$575,023 6s 


SUMMARY OF ASSETS 


■ 


United States Bonds, . . - . . 


$118,156 25 


Eochester City Bonds, .... 


26,000 00 


Georgia State Bonds, .... - 


28,000 00 


Pullman Palace Car Company Stock. 


23,600 00 


German-American Bank of Rochester Stock, - 


10,000 00 


Bonds and Mortgages, - . - - 


2.55,110 00 


Real Estate, -.--.- 


1,822 82 


Cash in Banks and on Hand, - . - 


51,399 65 


Due from Agents and at Home Office, - . . 


53,401 83 


Interest Accrued and Due, ... - 


7,533 10 



$575,023 65 

The Directors and Officers of the company are as follows : 

DIRECTORS. 

J. J. Bausch, Louis Ernst, Chas. Rau, Louis Bauer, Frederick 
Goetzmanu, William Vicinus, Nicholas Brayer, Mathias Kondolf, 
Albrecht Vogt, Frederick Cook, John Lutes, John Weis, John Dufner, 
George C. Maurer, John G. Wagner, Samuel Dubelbeis, Jacob Nun- 
nold, Louis Wehn, Casper Wehle, Christian Yaky. 

President, Frederick Cook ; Vice-President, Hon. John Lutes ; 
Secretary, H. F. Atwood ; Counsel, Eugene H. Satterlee ; Special 
Agent for the Western Department, O. C. Kemp. 

The Company is doing business in twenty-six states in the Union, 
and is well and favorably known not only throughout the insurance 
fraternity, but the insurance public, for its sterling worth and prompt- 
ness in meeting its losses. 



HOWl ^ EOeiEi 



f> 



WHOLESALE AND RETAIL 



CARPET HOUSE, 



No. 37 STATE STREET. 



This leading Carpet House in Western New York 
was established in Rochester in 1857, on the site of 
the present spacious store. John H. Howe and 
Clinton Rogers came from Worcester County, Mass., 
and by their energy and business qualifications soon 
gained a firm footing here. From this beginmg the 
house has gi'owu to be the largest and best between 
New York and Chicago. They imjjort largely from 
abroad, buy dii'ect ot the manufacturers, and at all 
times keep a most complete stock of the finest goods 
made. Their trade extends all through Central 
and Western New York and Northern Pensylvauia, 
and is constantly on the increase. 

JOHN H. HOWE. CLINTON ROGERS. 



KELLY LAMP COMPANY. 



ESTABLISHED 1851. 



LOCOMOTIVE HEx\D LIGHTS, 

HEAD LIGHT BURNERS, 

REFLECTORS, 

GAUGE AND CAB LAMPS. 
ALL KINDS OF LANTERNS, 

SWITCH AND STATION LAMPS, 
TRAIN SIGNAL LAMPS, 

FRESNEL LAMPS, 

STREET LAMPS, 

PLAIN AND FANCY. 

FIRE department; lamps and trumpets. 

CONDUCTORS' NICKEL PLATED, 

GERMAN SILVER AND BRASS LAMPS. 

REPAIRING AND REPEATING. 

LAMPS AND LANTERNS OF ALL KINDS 
FOR FARMERS, MECHANICS, 

HOTELS, STAGE DRIVERS, 

LIVERY MEN, ETC. 



The members of the Kelly Lamp Comjiany are: James II. Kf.t.ly, R. S. 
Kenyon, D. T. Hunt, J. Miller Kelly, F. S. Upton and 
H. Ward Kelly. 



R. S. KENYON & CO., 

140 EAST MAIN ST. 



This house was started in Albany in i860, by David Allard, who 
was formerly with George C. Treadwell & Co., heavy Fur Dealers. 
It was moved to Rochester in 1866 and located at 55 Main street, 
now one of the numbers of Burke, FitzSimons, Hone & Co. A co- 
partnership was formed between Mr. R. S. Kenyon, Mr. D. T. Hunt 
and Mr. Allard, and the house was made a heavy wholesale, as well 
as retail, establishment. Finding their room inadequate to accom- 
modate their business, they removed in 1869 to 100 and 102 State St., 
corner of Mumford, the firm being Allard, Kenyon & Hunt. Mr. 
Allard soon after this retired, and the firm became Kenyon & Hunt, 
which style was continued until 1879, when Mr. Hunt retired, and 
the firm became R. S. Kenyon & Co. 

Again finding themselves cramped for room, in the fall of 1883 they 
leased the store at 140 East Main street (next door to Sibley, Lind- 
say & Curr's), where every facility for carrying on an immense busi- 
ness was found. Mr. Kenyon, for many years during this co-part- 
nership, was also a member of the firm of Kenyon, Chase & Co., 
heavy fur and robe collectors in the Northwest, whose transactions 
amounted to the millions One of the partners was Mr. Durfee, who 
had fourteen trading posts on the upper Missouri river and its trib- 
utaries, and two in the Indian Territory at the same time. Another 
of the partners was Mr. Chase, a Quaker, who had an appointment 
as Government Inspector of Indian Agencies. Thus it will be seen 
that this i^reat western house was an auxiliary of the home house of 
which it was made a tender. 

Mr Kenyon makes frequent trips to Europe, from which point he 
gets most of his experienced help in the fur business. The firm im- 
port all their foreign furs, and their orders for seal at present have 
grown to that proportion that the sum mentioned to us as this year's 
importation seems almost fabulous for a city the size of Rochester. 
They also have the exclusive agency of several of the best foreign 
houses, who make a specialty of Stylish Wraps and Fur Goods. 

This house also enjoys the heaviest trade in Hats of any house in 
Western New York. In Ladies' Furs they are known to be the 
leaders By handling goods in such immense quantities of course 
their prices cannot but be the lowest. The firm are to be con- 
gratulated upon their high standing in the community. 



Establii^lied 1831. 



HENRY S HEBARD, 



MANDFACTUKER AND DEAT^ER IN 




i 






Coal Grates and Fenders, Brass Open Fireplaces, Brass Fenders, And- 
irons, Brass Fire Sets and Coal Hods, Brass and White Wire 
Spark Screens, Gas Logs, ard all Articles pertaining to 

Open Fires 



TIL IE 



From all the Principal Manufactories in Europe and America, for Floors, Hearths, and every 

Style of Interior Decoration. 

MARBLE V/ORK, 

Floors, Wainscoting, etc. Plumbers' Slabs, fiadiator Tops. Soap Stone Wash Trays and 
Sinks, Jardiniers, in Eiuhossed Brass and Earthenware, Window Gardens, etc., etc. Japanese 
Folding Screens, Brass Fire Screen Stands. 

The most Complete Assortment of Household Art Goods in my line in Western New York. 

Mantel and Grate Store, Monumental Marble and Granite Works, 

71 STATE ST. 122 S. ST. PAUL ST. 

The Mantel and Grate Store now on State street will probably be removed about August Ist 
to the factory on South St. Paul street. 

Established 1861. 

GIBBONS & STONE, 

MANUFACTURERS OF 

-^UPRIGHT t SND i SQUJIRE i PlffiNOS^" 



■AND- 



GENERAL MUSIC DEALERS AND PUBLISHERS, 

Sole Agents for Wagner and Ilallett & Cumston Pianos, the Celebrated Estey and Sterling 
Organs, and other Leading Makes of Pianos and Organs. 

Warerooms, 110 East Main Street, I 
Factory, 4 and 6 Hill Street, \ 



ROCHESTER, N. Y. 



^E. o c s: E s T E I?, ; 







PRICE, 



^3-50. 



Mrs. Parker has given a felicitous title to her book. It is, indeed, a hi.storical stoiy— romantic in its in 
cidents and fasoinating in its details. Mrs. Parker has made out of the material which she has industri- 
ously Kathered, a story wliich is picturesque in treatment, lirilliant in coloring and sparkling in style. The 
narrative moves from begliniing to end with vigor and grace, and once entered upon the interest neither 
falters nor flags. Mrs. Parker is certainly to be congratulated cordially upon the fidelity of her researches 
and the skill with which she has constructed her story— a story none the less entertaining, because it is 
ti"ue.— [Rochester Democrat and Chronicle, June 8, 1884. 

ScRANTOM, WeTMORE & Co., PUBLISHERS, 

ROCHESTER, N. Y. 







n..iiititto<llni«lih4iiiniimiitimnn 




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j j Kj^jK^^^f Kr^.^ . w ^ ^n ^ m w - 



mm 



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Nl!A«^r<!!f^iira! 




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DORAN & THOMPSON, 

BANKERS AND BROKERS, 
I and 2 Powers' Block, Rochester, N.Y. 



DEALERS IN 

STOCKS, BONDS, 

GRAIN, PROVISIONS, 

AND PETROLEUM. 

DEPOSITS RECEIVED. 






C. J.HAYDEN&CO., 



— MANUFACTUEEKS AND 



WHOLESALE AND RETAIL DEALERS IN 



FURNITURE, 



Nos, 264, 266, 268, 270 and 272 State Street, 



c, uvv, uuv. 



IN 1842 Mr. C. J. Hayden started in the furniture business at No. 
G Front street, coming here from Pompey, Onondaga county, 
N. T. Soon after he removed to State street, buying out H. S. 
Packard, the oldest furniture manufacturer in Rochester, whose store 
stood on the present site of the Mouroe County Savings bank. Mr. 
Hayden remained there until 1856, and then removed to store 101 and 
103 State street, opposite the old American Hotel. In that year he 
bought out Gideon Leavenworth, manufacturer of chairs at the lower 
Genesee Falls, adding that manufacture to his furniture factory, which 
was then located on Mill street. In the same year he formed a co-part- 
nership with P. M. Bromley, under the firm name of C. J. Hayden & 
Co., continuing until 18G1, when he bought out Mr. Bromley. The 
firm has since that time continued to be C. J. Hayden & Co. 

In 1870 Mr. Hayden bought the property bounded by State. 
Furnace and Mill Sts., where the present large establishment is located. 
The firm ai-e by far the oldest and lai'gest manufacturers in Central and 
Western New York, emj^loying 300 hands and upward. The business 
is conducted in the most vigorous and thorough manner. C J. Hay- 
den & Co. endeavor to merit the patronage of all who wish to purchase 
first-class goods at the lowest prices. 




^^" 



WM. S. KIMBALL &. CO.'S 



CLOTH OF GOLD 



-AND- 



FRAGRANT VANITY FAIR 



CIGARETTES, 



MILD AND ABSOLUTELY PURE. 




PEERLESS AND PLAIN 






THE FAVORITES FOR FORTY YEARS. 




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